BNA Exam 3 Study Guide – Nursing Assistant Course Comprehensive Review
Material
base of support - correct answer ✔✔the area on which an object rests
body alignment/posture - correct answer ✔✔the way the head, trunk, arms, and legs are
aligned with one another
body mechanics - correct answer ✔✔using the body in an efficient and careful way
dorsal recumbent positition - correct answer ✔✔the back-lying or supine position
ergonomics - correct answer ✔✔the science of designing a job to fit the worker
Fowler's position - correct answer ✔✔A semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised
between 45 and 60 degrees
lateral position - correct answer ✔✔the person lies on 1 side or the other
*also known as side-lying position*
prone position - correct answer ✔✔lying on the abdomen with the head turned to 1 side
Sims position - correct answer ✔✔A left-side lying position in which the upper leg (right leg) is
sharply flexed so it is not on the lower leg (left leg) and the lower arm (left arm) is behind the
person, used for rectal exams
*also known as semi-prone side position*
,good body mechanics - correct answer ✔✔push/slide instead of lift, no leaning over, turn don't
twist, wide base of support, bend legs not back, keep objects close to the body, use stronger
muscles in shoulders/upper arms/thighs/hips, smooth/even movements, request help for heavy
objects, do not lift objects higher than chest level & do not lift above your shoulders
MSD - correct answer ✔✔musculo-skeletal disorder, injuries/disorders of the muscles, tendons,
ligaments, joints, and cartilage, can involve the nervous system. Can develop slowly over weeks,
months, and years or can occur from 1 event
OSHA's MSD risk factors - correct answer ✔✔force, repeating action, awkward postures, heavy
lifting
contracture - correct answer ✔✔lack of joint mobility caused by abnormal shortening of the
muscle
How often are people repositioned? - correct answer ✔✔every 2 hours
chair position - correct answer ✔✔persons's back and buttocks are against the back of the chair,
feet flat on floor/on footplates, backs of knees and calves are slightly away from the edge of the
seat, pillow may be used to support the lower back (not if restraints are used)
when in a chair, the person's feet... - correct answer ✔✔must be flat on the floor
orthopenetic position - correct answer ✔✔high fowler's with pillows
full visual privacy - correct answer ✔✔having the means to be completely free from public view
while in bed; curtain used to protect this right
high-Fowler's position - correct answer ✔✔a semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised
60-90 degrees
, insomnia - correct answer ✔✔a chronic condition in which the person cannot sleep or stay
asleep all night
pain - correct answer ✔✔to ache, hurt, or be sore
reverse Trendelenburg's position - correct answer ✔✔needs a doctor's order; the head of the
bed is raised and the foot of the bed is lowered
semi-Fowler's position - correct answer ✔✔the head of the bed is raised 30 degrees; or the
head of the bed is raised 30 degrees and the knee portion is raised 15 degrees
sleep deprivation - correct answer ✔✔the amount and quality of sleep are decreased
sleepwalking - correct answer ✔✔the sleeping person leaves the bed and walks about
Trendelenburg's position - correct answer ✔✔needs a doctor's order; the head of the bed is
lowered and the foot of the bed is raised, used for shock
person's unit - correct answer ✔✔the personal space, furniture, and equipment provided for
the person by the agency, designed to provide comfort/safety/privacy.
Which affect comfort? - correct answer ✔✔age, illness, activity, temperature, ventilation, noise,
odors, and lighting
CMS requires that nursing centers maintain a temperature of... - correct answer ✔✔71-81
degrees F
Material
base of support - correct answer ✔✔the area on which an object rests
body alignment/posture - correct answer ✔✔the way the head, trunk, arms, and legs are
aligned with one another
body mechanics - correct answer ✔✔using the body in an efficient and careful way
dorsal recumbent positition - correct answer ✔✔the back-lying or supine position
ergonomics - correct answer ✔✔the science of designing a job to fit the worker
Fowler's position - correct answer ✔✔A semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised
between 45 and 60 degrees
lateral position - correct answer ✔✔the person lies on 1 side or the other
*also known as side-lying position*
prone position - correct answer ✔✔lying on the abdomen with the head turned to 1 side
Sims position - correct answer ✔✔A left-side lying position in which the upper leg (right leg) is
sharply flexed so it is not on the lower leg (left leg) and the lower arm (left arm) is behind the
person, used for rectal exams
*also known as semi-prone side position*
,good body mechanics - correct answer ✔✔push/slide instead of lift, no leaning over, turn don't
twist, wide base of support, bend legs not back, keep objects close to the body, use stronger
muscles in shoulders/upper arms/thighs/hips, smooth/even movements, request help for heavy
objects, do not lift objects higher than chest level & do not lift above your shoulders
MSD - correct answer ✔✔musculo-skeletal disorder, injuries/disorders of the muscles, tendons,
ligaments, joints, and cartilage, can involve the nervous system. Can develop slowly over weeks,
months, and years or can occur from 1 event
OSHA's MSD risk factors - correct answer ✔✔force, repeating action, awkward postures, heavy
lifting
contracture - correct answer ✔✔lack of joint mobility caused by abnormal shortening of the
muscle
How often are people repositioned? - correct answer ✔✔every 2 hours
chair position - correct answer ✔✔persons's back and buttocks are against the back of the chair,
feet flat on floor/on footplates, backs of knees and calves are slightly away from the edge of the
seat, pillow may be used to support the lower back (not if restraints are used)
when in a chair, the person's feet... - correct answer ✔✔must be flat on the floor
orthopenetic position - correct answer ✔✔high fowler's with pillows
full visual privacy - correct answer ✔✔having the means to be completely free from public view
while in bed; curtain used to protect this right
high-Fowler's position - correct answer ✔✔a semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised
60-90 degrees
, insomnia - correct answer ✔✔a chronic condition in which the person cannot sleep or stay
asleep all night
pain - correct answer ✔✔to ache, hurt, or be sore
reverse Trendelenburg's position - correct answer ✔✔needs a doctor's order; the head of the
bed is raised and the foot of the bed is lowered
semi-Fowler's position - correct answer ✔✔the head of the bed is raised 30 degrees; or the
head of the bed is raised 30 degrees and the knee portion is raised 15 degrees
sleep deprivation - correct answer ✔✔the amount and quality of sleep are decreased
sleepwalking - correct answer ✔✔the sleeping person leaves the bed and walks about
Trendelenburg's position - correct answer ✔✔needs a doctor's order; the head of the bed is
lowered and the foot of the bed is raised, used for shock
person's unit - correct answer ✔✔the personal space, furniture, and equipment provided for
the person by the agency, designed to provide comfort/safety/privacy.
Which affect comfort? - correct answer ✔✔age, illness, activity, temperature, ventilation, noise,
odors, and lighting
CMS requires that nursing centers maintain a temperature of... - correct answer ✔✔71-81
degrees F
