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Samenvatting Cel III: Hoofdstuk 9

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Dit is een samenvatting van het negende hoofdstuk van cel III voor 1ste bachelor tandheelkunde & geneeskunde (samen les) aan de UGent. Het bevat alle leerstof (alle hoofdstukken) van de powerpoints en mijn notities van de lessen van Jan Gettemans. Met deze samenvatting heb ik een 18/20 gehaald, dus veel succes!

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Nucleïnezuren
= DNA, RNA
↳ nucleotiden = bouwstenen → nucleïnezuren BV AMP
​ ↳ bevat 3 bouwstenen: base, ribose & minstens 1 fosfaatgroep
↳ … mono-, di-, trifosfaat
↳ nucleoside → ENKEL base & ribose (GEEN P-groep)
↳ NORMAAL → ribose → 2 hydroxylgroepen MAAR ALS → C2 → ≠ OH-groep ⇒ deoxy
​ ↳ adenosinemonofosfaat VS deoxyadenosinemonofosfaat
Verschil RNA & DNA?
-​ RNA = ribonucleïnezuur
-​ bestaat uit ribonucleotiden & suiker = ribose
-​ DNA = deoxyribonucleïnezuur
-​ bestaat uit deoxyribonucleotiden & suiker = desoxyribose




Belang van nucleotiden?
-​ bouwstenen/ precursoren → DNA & RNA
-​ E leverancier BV ATP, GTP
-​ vormen geactiveerde intermediairen → biosynthese BV UDP-glucose
-​ als onderdeel → co-enzymen
-​ BV CoA, NAD(H), FADH2, S-adenosylmethionine
-​ regulatie → processen
-​ BV cAMP, ATP, … (allostere regulatie, …)




Hoe zit DNA in elkaar?
-​ dubbel helix ⇒ base paren (AT & CG)
-​ AT ⇒ 2 H-bruggen & CG ⇒ 3 H-bruggen
-​ 2 soorten basen → purines & pyrimidines

Verschil tussen purines & pyrimidines?
↳ pyrimidine ⇒ 6-ring
↳ purine ⇒ 6-ring & 5-ring

, Verschillende basen?
-​ Purines:
-​ Adenine (A)
-​ Guanine (G)
-​ Pyrimidines:
-​ Cytosine (C)
-​ Uracil (U) → RNA
-​ Thymine (T) → DNA
Benamingen?




Synthese van purine nucleotiden

Vorming van purine precursor
-​ intermediair → PPP = ribose 5-fosfaat ⇒ hierop W purinebase gevormd
-​ beginnen → suiker & DAAROP purine base vormen
-​ itt pyrimidine = 1st 6-ring aanmaken & DAN op ribose

Vorming van de vijfring
1)​ ribose 5-P fosforyleren mbv ATP (2 fosfaten) ⇒ activeren
-​ vormt fosforibosyl-1-pyrofosfaat = PRPP
2)​ PRPP → verliest 2 P & binding aminogroep (-NH2) = afkomstig → Glutamine
-​ Glutamine W Glutamaat




3)​ Glycine aanhechten

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