NR 293 Pharmacology Week 5 Study Guide - Endocrine, GI, and
Nutrition Exam 2026 |Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Levothyroxine.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Take the medication with a high-calcium snack
B. Take the medication immediately before bedtime
C. Take the medication on an empty stomach 30-60 minutes before breakfast
D. Double the dose if a day is missed
Answer: C
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach in the morning to increase
absorption and prevent insomnia. Calcium and food can interfere with its absorption.
2. A nurse is preparing to administer Lispro insulin to a client. When should the
nurse instruct the client to eat?
A. 30 to 60 minutes after the injection
B. 15 minutes before the injection
C. 2 hours after the injection
D. Within 15 minutes of the injection
Answer: D
Rationale: Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of 15 minutes; the client must eat
within 15 minutes of administration to prevent hypoglycemia.
,3. Which of the following findings is a potential adverse effect of Metformin?
A. Weight gain
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Lactic acidosis
D. Hyperthyroidism
Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin carries a black box warning for lactic acidosis, characterized by
muscle pain, sleepiness, and hyperventilation.
4. A client is prescribed Omeprazole for GERD. The nurse should explain that the
primary action of this medication is:
A. Inhibiting the enzyme that produces gastric acid
B. Blocking H2 receptors
C. Coating the stomach lining
D. Neutralizing gastric acid
Answer: A
Rationale: Omeprazole is a Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) that suppresses gastric acid
secretion by irreversibly inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme system.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is taking Propylthiouracil (PTU). Which
laboratory value should the nurse monitor?
A. Liver enzymes
B. Serum calcium
C. Potassium levels
D. Amylase
Answer: A
Rationale: PTU can cause severe liver injury and liver failure. Monitoring AST and ALT
levels is essential.
, 6. A nurse is providing teaching to a client taking Sucralfate for a duodenal ulcer.
Which instruction is correct?
A. Take the medication with meals
B. Limit fluid intake to 1 liter per day
C. Dissolve the tablet in orange juice
D. Take the medication 1 hour before meals and at bedtime
Answer: D
Rationale: Sucralfate forms a protective barrier over ulcers and works best in an acidic
environment before food enters the stomach.
7. Which of the following medications is used for the long-term management of
Diabetes Insipidus?
A. Glucagon
B. Desmopressin
C. Methimazole
D. Somatropin
Answer: B
Rationale: Desmopressin is a synthetic form of ADH used to treat Diabetes Insipidus by
increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.
8. A nurse is reviewing the profile of a client taking Spironolactone. Which of the
following supplements should the client avoid?
A. Vitamin C
B. Calcium
C. Potassium
D. Iron
Answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. Taking potassium supplements
increases the risk of life-threatening hyperkalemia.
Nutrition Exam 2026 |Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Levothyroxine.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Take the medication with a high-calcium snack
B. Take the medication immediately before bedtime
C. Take the medication on an empty stomach 30-60 minutes before breakfast
D. Double the dose if a day is missed
Answer: C
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach in the morning to increase
absorption and prevent insomnia. Calcium and food can interfere with its absorption.
2. A nurse is preparing to administer Lispro insulin to a client. When should the
nurse instruct the client to eat?
A. 30 to 60 minutes after the injection
B. 15 minutes before the injection
C. 2 hours after the injection
D. Within 15 minutes of the injection
Answer: D
Rationale: Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of 15 minutes; the client must eat
within 15 minutes of administration to prevent hypoglycemia.
,3. Which of the following findings is a potential adverse effect of Metformin?
A. Weight gain
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Lactic acidosis
D. Hyperthyroidism
Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin carries a black box warning for lactic acidosis, characterized by
muscle pain, sleepiness, and hyperventilation.
4. A client is prescribed Omeprazole for GERD. The nurse should explain that the
primary action of this medication is:
A. Inhibiting the enzyme that produces gastric acid
B. Blocking H2 receptors
C. Coating the stomach lining
D. Neutralizing gastric acid
Answer: A
Rationale: Omeprazole is a Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) that suppresses gastric acid
secretion by irreversibly inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme system.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is taking Propylthiouracil (PTU). Which
laboratory value should the nurse monitor?
A. Liver enzymes
B. Serum calcium
C. Potassium levels
D. Amylase
Answer: A
Rationale: PTU can cause severe liver injury and liver failure. Monitoring AST and ALT
levels is essential.
, 6. A nurse is providing teaching to a client taking Sucralfate for a duodenal ulcer.
Which instruction is correct?
A. Take the medication with meals
B. Limit fluid intake to 1 liter per day
C. Dissolve the tablet in orange juice
D. Take the medication 1 hour before meals and at bedtime
Answer: D
Rationale: Sucralfate forms a protective barrier over ulcers and works best in an acidic
environment before food enters the stomach.
7. Which of the following medications is used for the long-term management of
Diabetes Insipidus?
A. Glucagon
B. Desmopressin
C. Methimazole
D. Somatropin
Answer: B
Rationale: Desmopressin is a synthetic form of ADH used to treat Diabetes Insipidus by
increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.
8. A nurse is reviewing the profile of a client taking Spironolactone. Which of the
following supplements should the client avoid?
A. Vitamin C
B. Calcium
C. Potassium
D. Iron
Answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. Taking potassium supplements
increases the risk of life-threatening hyperkalemia.
