CNPR EXAM QUESTIONS &
ACCURATE ANSWERS PASSED 100%
approvable letter - Correct Answer ✔✔ letters sent by the FDA to the applicant
indicating whether the new drug application meets necessary requirements.
asymptomatic - Correct Answer ✔✔ without sings or symptoms of disease.
blinded or masked study - Correct Answer ✔✔ a study in which participants do not
know whether they are in the experimental or control group in a research study.
control or control group - Correct Answer ✔✔ the standard by which experimental
observations are evaluated.
double-blind or double masked study - Correct Answer ✔✔ one in which neither the
participants nor the study staff know which participants are receiving the experimental
treatment and which ones are getting either a standard treatment or a placebo.
edema - Correct Answer ✔✔ swelling.
fast-track drugs - Correct Answer ✔✔ fast-track approval is provided for drugs that meet
medical needs for patients with serious or life-threatening conditions.
indication - Correct Answer ✔✔ in terms of drugs approval, the exact cause or purpose
for which the FDA has approved that a drug can be prescribed
institutional review board (IRB) - Correct Answer ✔✔ committee of physicians,
statisticians, community advocated, and others which ensure that a clinical trial is
ethical and that the rights of the study participants are protected. All clinical trials must
be approved by an IRB before they begin.
off label - Correct Answer ✔✔ usage of a medication for purposes other than the
specific ones appearing in the labeling.
placebo - Correct Answer ✔✔ inactive pill, liquid, or powder that has no treatment value.
placebo effect - Correct Answer ✔✔ the effect produced by a placebo due to the
expectations of the patient.
study protocol - Correct Answer ✔✔ the general design and operating features of a trial.
it is distinguished from the study manual of operations by its generality and absence of
specific details needed for day-to-day execution of the trial.
,toxicity - Correct Answer ✔✔ the extent, quality, or degree to which a substance is a
poisonous or harmful to the body.
treatment group - Correct Answer ✔✔ a group of patients assigned to receive a
specified treatment.
anatomy - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of the basic structures of the body.
physiology - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of how those body structures function.
clinical pharmacology - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of the effects and movement of drugs
in the human body.
how many prescriptions are dispensed in the united states each year? - Correct Answer
✔✔ 3 billion.
pharmacodynamics - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of the biochemical and physiological
effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action.
pharmacokinetics - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of how a drug is processed by the body,
with emphasis on the time required for absorption, duration of action, distribution, and
method of excretion. the study of how the body affects drugs.
drug distribution and elimination - Correct Answer ✔✔ drug delivery systems, route of
administration, modes of excretion.
drug - Correct Answer ✔✔ a substance other than food that changes the structure or
function of the body or mind.
what are the three names of drugs? - Correct Answer ✔✔ chemical name, generic
name, and one or more trade names.
chemical name - Correct Answer ✔✔ describes the atomic or molecular structure of the
drug.
generic name - Correct Answer ✔✔ legal noncommercial name for a drug.
trade name - Correct Answer ✔✔ chosen by the pharmaceutical company that
manufactures or distributes the drug.
pharmakon - Correct Answer ✔✔ medicine
logos - Correct Answer ✔✔ study
pharmacology - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of medicine
,aminoglycosides - Correct Answer ✔✔ class of antibiotics that are useful in the
treatment of many infectious diseases.
ADME testing - Correct Answer ✔✔ measures the rate at which the body absorbs the
drug, distributes it to the organs necessary to produce the desired effect, metabolizes it
into waste material and then excretes it from the body.
absorption - Correct Answer ✔✔ how the drug passes from its site of administration into
the bloodstream.
distribution - Correct Answer ✔✔ how the drug is dispersed among the organs of the
body after it is absorbed into the bloodstream, and how much reaches the target
organs.
metabolism - Correct Answer ✔✔ how the active part of the drug is metabolized into a
more water-soluble compound that can be readily excreted by the kidneys.
excretion - Correct Answer ✔✔ how the drug is eliminated from the body.
placebos - Correct Answer ✔✔ substances that appear to be drugs but are not.
margin of safety - Correct Answer ✔✔ the difference between the usual effective dose
and the dose that induces severe or life threatening side effects.
what are the five rights of drug administration? - Correct Answer ✔✔ right patient, right
medication, right dose, right route of administration, and right time of delivery.
inhalation - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs taken through the lungs by inhaling in aerosol
form.
injection routes - Correct Answer ✔✔ administration by injection (parenteral
administration) includes the subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, and intrathecal
routes.
intramuscular injection - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs given by injection into muscle tissue
such as: buttocks, upper arm, or thighs.
intrathecal injection - Correct Answer ✔✔ needle is inserted between two vertebrae in
the lower spine and into the space around the spinal cord.
intravenous or IV - Correct Answer ✔✔ refers to drugs injected directly into the veins.
subcutaneous injection - Correct Answer ✔✔ needle is inserted into fatty tissue just
beneath the skin.
, oral administration (PO) - Correct Answer ✔✔ refers to tablets, capsules, and liquids
taken by the mouth.
rectal route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs that are administered orally can also be
administered rectally as a suppository.
vaginal route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs may be administered vaginally to women as a
solution, tablet, cream, gel, or suppository.
sublingual route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs taken under the tongue and absorbed
directly and almost immediately into the blood stream through the mucous membranes
of the mouth.
ocular route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs used to treat eye disorders.
nasal route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drug is to be breathed in and absorbed through the
thin mucous membrane that lines the nasal passages, must be transformed into tiny
droplets in air (atomized).
topical or cutaneous - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs administered through the skin for local
effects on that area of the skin.
transdermal route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs taken through the skin into systematic
circulation, such as through a patch.
first stage - Correct Answer ✔✔ involves prescribing or ordering medication.
second stage - Correct Answer ✔✔ when the medication is dispensed to patients or
consumers.
third stage - Correct Answer ✔✔ when the medication is administered and monitored for
side effects.
drug absorption - Correct Answer ✔✔ movement of the drug into the bloodstream after
administration.
bioavailability - Correct Answer ✔✔ how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its
intended target site of action.
drug distribution - Correct Answer ✔✔ the movement of a drug to and from the blood
and various tissues of the body.
drug metabolism - Correct Answer ✔✔ chemical alteration of a drug by the body.
drug elimnation - Correct Answer ✔✔ removal of drugs from the body. last stage of
pharmokinetics.
ACCURATE ANSWERS PASSED 100%
approvable letter - Correct Answer ✔✔ letters sent by the FDA to the applicant
indicating whether the new drug application meets necessary requirements.
asymptomatic - Correct Answer ✔✔ without sings or symptoms of disease.
blinded or masked study - Correct Answer ✔✔ a study in which participants do not
know whether they are in the experimental or control group in a research study.
control or control group - Correct Answer ✔✔ the standard by which experimental
observations are evaluated.
double-blind or double masked study - Correct Answer ✔✔ one in which neither the
participants nor the study staff know which participants are receiving the experimental
treatment and which ones are getting either a standard treatment or a placebo.
edema - Correct Answer ✔✔ swelling.
fast-track drugs - Correct Answer ✔✔ fast-track approval is provided for drugs that meet
medical needs for patients with serious or life-threatening conditions.
indication - Correct Answer ✔✔ in terms of drugs approval, the exact cause or purpose
for which the FDA has approved that a drug can be prescribed
institutional review board (IRB) - Correct Answer ✔✔ committee of physicians,
statisticians, community advocated, and others which ensure that a clinical trial is
ethical and that the rights of the study participants are protected. All clinical trials must
be approved by an IRB before they begin.
off label - Correct Answer ✔✔ usage of a medication for purposes other than the
specific ones appearing in the labeling.
placebo - Correct Answer ✔✔ inactive pill, liquid, or powder that has no treatment value.
placebo effect - Correct Answer ✔✔ the effect produced by a placebo due to the
expectations of the patient.
study protocol - Correct Answer ✔✔ the general design and operating features of a trial.
it is distinguished from the study manual of operations by its generality and absence of
specific details needed for day-to-day execution of the trial.
,toxicity - Correct Answer ✔✔ the extent, quality, or degree to which a substance is a
poisonous or harmful to the body.
treatment group - Correct Answer ✔✔ a group of patients assigned to receive a
specified treatment.
anatomy - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of the basic structures of the body.
physiology - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of how those body structures function.
clinical pharmacology - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of the effects and movement of drugs
in the human body.
how many prescriptions are dispensed in the united states each year? - Correct Answer
✔✔ 3 billion.
pharmacodynamics - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of the biochemical and physiological
effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action.
pharmacokinetics - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of how a drug is processed by the body,
with emphasis on the time required for absorption, duration of action, distribution, and
method of excretion. the study of how the body affects drugs.
drug distribution and elimination - Correct Answer ✔✔ drug delivery systems, route of
administration, modes of excretion.
drug - Correct Answer ✔✔ a substance other than food that changes the structure or
function of the body or mind.
what are the three names of drugs? - Correct Answer ✔✔ chemical name, generic
name, and one or more trade names.
chemical name - Correct Answer ✔✔ describes the atomic or molecular structure of the
drug.
generic name - Correct Answer ✔✔ legal noncommercial name for a drug.
trade name - Correct Answer ✔✔ chosen by the pharmaceutical company that
manufactures or distributes the drug.
pharmakon - Correct Answer ✔✔ medicine
logos - Correct Answer ✔✔ study
pharmacology - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of medicine
,aminoglycosides - Correct Answer ✔✔ class of antibiotics that are useful in the
treatment of many infectious diseases.
ADME testing - Correct Answer ✔✔ measures the rate at which the body absorbs the
drug, distributes it to the organs necessary to produce the desired effect, metabolizes it
into waste material and then excretes it from the body.
absorption - Correct Answer ✔✔ how the drug passes from its site of administration into
the bloodstream.
distribution - Correct Answer ✔✔ how the drug is dispersed among the organs of the
body after it is absorbed into the bloodstream, and how much reaches the target
organs.
metabolism - Correct Answer ✔✔ how the active part of the drug is metabolized into a
more water-soluble compound that can be readily excreted by the kidneys.
excretion - Correct Answer ✔✔ how the drug is eliminated from the body.
placebos - Correct Answer ✔✔ substances that appear to be drugs but are not.
margin of safety - Correct Answer ✔✔ the difference between the usual effective dose
and the dose that induces severe or life threatening side effects.
what are the five rights of drug administration? - Correct Answer ✔✔ right patient, right
medication, right dose, right route of administration, and right time of delivery.
inhalation - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs taken through the lungs by inhaling in aerosol
form.
injection routes - Correct Answer ✔✔ administration by injection (parenteral
administration) includes the subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, and intrathecal
routes.
intramuscular injection - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs given by injection into muscle tissue
such as: buttocks, upper arm, or thighs.
intrathecal injection - Correct Answer ✔✔ needle is inserted between two vertebrae in
the lower spine and into the space around the spinal cord.
intravenous or IV - Correct Answer ✔✔ refers to drugs injected directly into the veins.
subcutaneous injection - Correct Answer ✔✔ needle is inserted into fatty tissue just
beneath the skin.
, oral administration (PO) - Correct Answer ✔✔ refers to tablets, capsules, and liquids
taken by the mouth.
rectal route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs that are administered orally can also be
administered rectally as a suppository.
vaginal route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs may be administered vaginally to women as a
solution, tablet, cream, gel, or suppository.
sublingual route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs taken under the tongue and absorbed
directly and almost immediately into the blood stream through the mucous membranes
of the mouth.
ocular route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs used to treat eye disorders.
nasal route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drug is to be breathed in and absorbed through the
thin mucous membrane that lines the nasal passages, must be transformed into tiny
droplets in air (atomized).
topical or cutaneous - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs administered through the skin for local
effects on that area of the skin.
transdermal route - Correct Answer ✔✔ drugs taken through the skin into systematic
circulation, such as through a patch.
first stage - Correct Answer ✔✔ involves prescribing or ordering medication.
second stage - Correct Answer ✔✔ when the medication is dispensed to patients or
consumers.
third stage - Correct Answer ✔✔ when the medication is administered and monitored for
side effects.
drug absorption - Correct Answer ✔✔ movement of the drug into the bloodstream after
administration.
bioavailability - Correct Answer ✔✔ how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its
intended target site of action.
drug distribution - Correct Answer ✔✔ the movement of a drug to and from the blood
and various tissues of the body.
drug metabolism - Correct Answer ✔✔ chemical alteration of a drug by the body.
drug elimnation - Correct Answer ✔✔ removal of drugs from the body. last stage of
pharmokinetics.
