ASU SHS 311 Unit 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions And Correct Answers
Terms in this set (83)
Most animals have what kind of sense? Hearing
Evolutionary view of hearing Detection of objects → Discrimination among different types of sounds →
Segregation of sounds from different objects
What is hearing good for? navigation
find prey
avoid predators
communication
aesthetic qualities (music)
Parts involved in hearing Sound
Receptor
Brain
Sensations and Perceptions
What two properties does an object need to vibrate? Inertia and elasticity
Inertia the resistance of an object to any change in its state of motion
Elasticity the restoring property of an object to return to its resting state
Vibration-Mass and Spring model Mass = inertia
Spring = elasticity
Equation to describe mass motion d(t) = Asin({2πft} + θ)
d(t) displacement as a function of time (t)
A (peak) Amplitude, distance of max. movement/amount of displacement
f Frequency, number of cycles per second
f = 1/p, p in seconds
f = 1000/p, p in msec.
The higher the period, the lower the frequency
θ starting phase, relative starting position
Three parameters of sound amplitude (A)
frequency (f)
starting phase (θ)
, Cycle one complete oscillation of vibration
Period time to complete one cycle
Peak amplitude the maximum distance moved in the positive direction
Peak-to-peak amplitude the total distance moved from maximum negative position to maximum
positive position
rms root mean squared amplitude
√{[∑(d)²]/n}
Equation for a sinusoidal vibration f(t) = Asin({2πft}+θ)
3 main variables in the equation amplitude (A)
frequency (f)
starting phase (θ)
Starting phase θ
starting position of a vibration relative to a reference starting position
0-degree starting phase where a sinusoid starts with an amplitude of zero and moves to the positive
direction
How to determine starting phase Look to see where the sinusoid starts and what direction it goes. If it starts
a certain fraction of a cycle earlier than the 0-degree starting position, its
Starting Phase is the corresponding fraction of 360 degrees.
Simple vibration a sinusoidal function of distance vs. time as developed for the mass-spring
model
Complex vibration expressed as a sum of simple vibrations
Sound an object vibrates and causes a disturbance in a medium such as air. This
disturbance travels through the medium as
3 properties of air 1) Air contains free-standing molecules
2) The molecules are in constant and random motion
3) The molecules evenly and immediately fill any space they occupy
Air density Density = # of mol/unit area
Variation of density of air includes: moisture, altitude, and pollution
Going up in altitude leads to fewer or more air Fewer
molecules?
Acceleration how fast air molecules move
Terms in this set (83)
Most animals have what kind of sense? Hearing
Evolutionary view of hearing Detection of objects → Discrimination among different types of sounds →
Segregation of sounds from different objects
What is hearing good for? navigation
find prey
avoid predators
communication
aesthetic qualities (music)
Parts involved in hearing Sound
Receptor
Brain
Sensations and Perceptions
What two properties does an object need to vibrate? Inertia and elasticity
Inertia the resistance of an object to any change in its state of motion
Elasticity the restoring property of an object to return to its resting state
Vibration-Mass and Spring model Mass = inertia
Spring = elasticity
Equation to describe mass motion d(t) = Asin({2πft} + θ)
d(t) displacement as a function of time (t)
A (peak) Amplitude, distance of max. movement/amount of displacement
f Frequency, number of cycles per second
f = 1/p, p in seconds
f = 1000/p, p in msec.
The higher the period, the lower the frequency
θ starting phase, relative starting position
Three parameters of sound amplitude (A)
frequency (f)
starting phase (θ)
, Cycle one complete oscillation of vibration
Period time to complete one cycle
Peak amplitude the maximum distance moved in the positive direction
Peak-to-peak amplitude the total distance moved from maximum negative position to maximum
positive position
rms root mean squared amplitude
√{[∑(d)²]/n}
Equation for a sinusoidal vibration f(t) = Asin({2πft}+θ)
3 main variables in the equation amplitude (A)
frequency (f)
starting phase (θ)
Starting phase θ
starting position of a vibration relative to a reference starting position
0-degree starting phase where a sinusoid starts with an amplitude of zero and moves to the positive
direction
How to determine starting phase Look to see where the sinusoid starts and what direction it goes. If it starts
a certain fraction of a cycle earlier than the 0-degree starting position, its
Starting Phase is the corresponding fraction of 360 degrees.
Simple vibration a sinusoidal function of distance vs. time as developed for the mass-spring
model
Complex vibration expressed as a sum of simple vibrations
Sound an object vibrates and causes a disturbance in a medium such as air. This
disturbance travels through the medium as
3 properties of air 1) Air contains free-standing molecules
2) The molecules are in constant and random motion
3) The molecules evenly and immediately fill any space they occupy
Air density Density = # of mol/unit area
Variation of density of air includes: moisture, altitude, and pollution
Going up in altitude leads to fewer or more air Fewer
molecules?
Acceleration how fast air molecules move
