Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 7e Sareen Gropper, Jack Smith, Timothy Carr (Instructor Manual All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade)

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Advanced Nutrition And Human Metabolism, 7e Sareen

Gropper, Jack Smith, Timothy Carr (Instructor Manual All

Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade)

, Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, 7e Sareen Gropper,
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k Jack Smith, Timothy Carr (Instructor Manual All Chapters, 100%
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Original Verified, A+ Grade) k k k k




Instructor’s Manual k




Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, Gropper, 7ek k k k k k




Chapter 1 – The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
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Table of Contents
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 Chapter Outline k



 Resources
 Perspectives – Classroom Discussion k k k



 Assignment – Group Project k k k



 Answer Keys k



o Case Study k



o Responding to Research k k



o Labeling It k



 Worksheet 1: Responding to Research – Mitochondria and Aging
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 Worksheet 2: Labeling It – A Eukaryotic Cell
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Chapter Outline
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I. Introduction
1. This chapter provides a brief review of the basics of a cell, including cellular
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components, biological energy, and an overview of a cell’s natural life span.
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2. Key Terms k



a. Cells – basic living, structural, and functional units of the human body
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b. Eukaryotic cells – multicellular organisms k k k k



c. Prokaryotic cells – primitive cells k k k k



d. Plasma membrane – sheet-like structure that encapsulates and k k k k k k k



surrounds the cell, allowing it to exist as a distinct unit
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3. Figures and Tables k k



a. Figure 1.1 – three-dimensional depiction of a typical mammalian liver cell
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II. Components of Cells k k



A. Plasma Membrane k



1. Sheet-like structure that encapsulates and surrounds the cell. It isk k k k k k k k k



asymmetrical and considered to be a fluid structure
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2. Key Terms k



a. Hydrophobic – molecule or part of molecule that repels water but has k k k k k k k k k k k



strong affinity for nonpolar substances
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b. Receptors – macromolecules that bind a signal molecule with a k k k k k k k k k



high degree of specificity that triggers intracellular events
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c. Enzymes – protein catalysts that increase the rate of a chemical k k k k k k k k k k



reaction in the body
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3. Figures and tables k k



a. Figure 1.2 – lipid bilayer structure of biological membranes
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b. Figure 1.3 – fluid model of cell membrane. Lipids and proteins are
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mobile and can move laterally in the membrane
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,B. Cytoplasmic Matrix k



1. Consists of filaments or fibers and provides the cell with structural
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ksupport, framework, network to direct movement, means of independent
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location, pathway for intercellular communication, and possible transfer
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kof RNA and DNA
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2. Key Terms k



a. Microtubules – hollow, cylindrical cytoskeletal structures composed of k k k k k k k



the protein tubulin that act to support the cell structure
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b. Intermediate filaments – strong, ropelike cytoskeletal fibers that are k k k k k k k k



made of protein and that function to provide mechanical stability to
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cells
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c. Microfilaments – solid cytoskeletal structures made of a double-helix k k k k k k k k



polymer of the protein actin that play a role in cell motility
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3. Microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments – make up k k k k k k k



kthe cytoskeleton
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4. Structural arrangement k



a. Hexose monophosphate shunt – pentose phosphate pathway
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5. Figures and tables k k



a. Figure 1.4 – the cytoskeleton provides a structure for cell organelles,
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microvilli, and large molecules
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C. Mitochondrion
1. Cellular organelle that is the site of energy production by oxidative
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kphosphorylation and the site of tricarboxylic acid cycle k k k k k k k



2. Key terms k



a. Mitochondria – primary sites of oxygen use and ATP production in cells k k k k k k k k k k k



b. Oxidative phosphorylation – pathway in the mitochondria that makes
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ATP from ADP and Pi
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c. Electron transport chain – sequential transfer of electrons from reduced
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coenzymes to oxygen that is coupled with ATP formation and occurs
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within the mitochondria
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3. Mitochondrial membrane – consists of a matrix or interior space k k k k k k k k k



ksurrounded by a double membrane k k k k



4. Mitochondrial matrix – metabolic enzyme systems that function by k k k k k k k k



kcatalyzing reactions of the tricarboxylic acid and fatty acid
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koxidation
5. Figures and tables k k



a. Figure 1.5 – the mitochondrionk k k k



b. Figure 1.6 – overview of a cross section of a mitochondrion
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D. Nucleus
1. Largest organelle within the cell, regulating most cellular activities
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2. Key terms k



a. Nuclear envelope – composed of an inner and an outer membrane;
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surrounds the cell nucleus
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b. Nucleolus – region of the nucleus containing condensed chromatin and
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sites for synthesizing ribosomal RNA
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c. Genes – section of chromosomal DNA that codes for a single protein
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d. Genome – sum of all the chromosomal genes of a cell
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e. Nucleotides – phosphate esters of the 5ʹ-phosphate of a purine or k k k k k k k k k k

, k pyrimidine in N-glyosidic linkage with ribose or deoxyribose; occurs in
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k nucleic acids
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