HSCI 130 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWER
5 Principles of Canadian Health Act - Answers - C - Comprehensiveness - We will
provide all medically necessary services - every province will get to decide what is
"medically necessary"
U- Universality - The plans must ensure that all insured persons are covered under
uniform terms and conditions - we are not supposed to let people who have more
money get ahead in the queue (same for age, race, skin color, language) _ people are
treated equitably
P - Portability - You are covered when you travel outside of your province up to what
you what would be covered for your in your home province
P- Public Administration - It must be operated on a non-profit basis by a public authority
accountable to the provincial government who is accountable to the public
A - Accessibility - There must be reasonable access to all medically necessary
procedures and care - WITHOUT FINANCIAL OR OTHER BARRIERS
Features of the Canadian Health System - Answers - - Privately delivered - publicly
financed
- Doctors are paid for by taxes - paid fee for service
- Choice of practitioner
- Doctors go on strike
Determinants of Health - Answers - Income Gradient - Personal vs structural
Structural being things that are outside the individual - parts of society
Differential exposure Hypothesis - Answers - Greater exposure to psychosocial
stressors from financial problems, neighbourhood issues and social isolation
People exposed to positive and negative exposures over the life course and outcomes
in adulthood are indicators of advantages and disadvantages & differences in exposure
to stress influence biological factors that influence health outcomes
Differential Vulnerability - Answers - Everyone is exposed to stress but people with
lower income have developed bad coping strategies
Materialist vs Neomaterialist Explanations - Answers - The materialist approach
emphasizes the material conditions under which people live
, The neomaterialist approach says that health is affected not only by differential access
to social and economic resources but also by the level of funding invested in social
infrastructure
How do we explain social gradient in terms of employment? - Answers - Demand-
control model and Effort-Reward imbalance model
Demand-control model - Answers - When we have high demands but low control
Effort-Reward Imbalance Model - Answers - When the amount of time and effort we put
into our work is not adequately rewarded
Sex - Answers - A multidimensional biological contruct premised on biological
characteristics enabling human reproduction
Gender - Answers - A social construct - All social relations that separate people into
differentiated gendered statuses
Gender differences in health - Answers - Women are sicker but men die quicker
There is a gendered health difference in the way women and men embody and express
stress
What are the 4 hypothesis explaining gender differences in health/illness? - Answers -
Role-Strain
Role-accumulation
Social acceptability
risk-taking
Role-Strain Hypothesis - Answers - Suggests that women taking on multiple roles can
lead to negative health outcomes (opposite of role-accumulation hypothesis)
Social Acceptability Hypothesis - Answers - Suggests that women have been socialized
into accepting the sick role
Risk-Taking Hypothesis - Answers - Suggests that men engage in risky behavior
because they are socialized to do so
Ethnicity - Answers - A complex and multidimensional phenomenon which includes
culture, ethnoculture, ethnic ancestry/origin, ethnic identity, language, religion & race -
or some mix of all these elements
Culture - Answers - The totality of ideas, beliefs, values, knowledge & way of life a
group or people who share a certain ethnic or social background
5 Principles of Canadian Health Act - Answers - C - Comprehensiveness - We will
provide all medically necessary services - every province will get to decide what is
"medically necessary"
U- Universality - The plans must ensure that all insured persons are covered under
uniform terms and conditions - we are not supposed to let people who have more
money get ahead in the queue (same for age, race, skin color, language) _ people are
treated equitably
P - Portability - You are covered when you travel outside of your province up to what
you what would be covered for your in your home province
P- Public Administration - It must be operated on a non-profit basis by a public authority
accountable to the provincial government who is accountable to the public
A - Accessibility - There must be reasonable access to all medically necessary
procedures and care - WITHOUT FINANCIAL OR OTHER BARRIERS
Features of the Canadian Health System - Answers - - Privately delivered - publicly
financed
- Doctors are paid for by taxes - paid fee for service
- Choice of practitioner
- Doctors go on strike
Determinants of Health - Answers - Income Gradient - Personal vs structural
Structural being things that are outside the individual - parts of society
Differential exposure Hypothesis - Answers - Greater exposure to psychosocial
stressors from financial problems, neighbourhood issues and social isolation
People exposed to positive and negative exposures over the life course and outcomes
in adulthood are indicators of advantages and disadvantages & differences in exposure
to stress influence biological factors that influence health outcomes
Differential Vulnerability - Answers - Everyone is exposed to stress but people with
lower income have developed bad coping strategies
Materialist vs Neomaterialist Explanations - Answers - The materialist approach
emphasizes the material conditions under which people live
, The neomaterialist approach says that health is affected not only by differential access
to social and economic resources but also by the level of funding invested in social
infrastructure
How do we explain social gradient in terms of employment? - Answers - Demand-
control model and Effort-Reward imbalance model
Demand-control model - Answers - When we have high demands but low control
Effort-Reward Imbalance Model - Answers - When the amount of time and effort we put
into our work is not adequately rewarded
Sex - Answers - A multidimensional biological contruct premised on biological
characteristics enabling human reproduction
Gender - Answers - A social construct - All social relations that separate people into
differentiated gendered statuses
Gender differences in health - Answers - Women are sicker but men die quicker
There is a gendered health difference in the way women and men embody and express
stress
What are the 4 hypothesis explaining gender differences in health/illness? - Answers -
Role-Strain
Role-accumulation
Social acceptability
risk-taking
Role-Strain Hypothesis - Answers - Suggests that women taking on multiple roles can
lead to negative health outcomes (opposite of role-accumulation hypothesis)
Social Acceptability Hypothesis - Answers - Suggests that women have been socialized
into accepting the sick role
Risk-Taking Hypothesis - Answers - Suggests that men engage in risky behavior
because they are socialized to do so
Ethnicity - Answers - A complex and multidimensional phenomenon which includes
culture, ethnoculture, ethnic ancestry/origin, ethnic identity, language, religion & race -
or some mix of all these elements
Culture - Answers - The totality of ideas, beliefs, values, knowledge & way of life a
group or people who share a certain ethnic or social background
