NR507
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT |INCORRECT SOLUTIONS
(WEEKS 1–4)
LATEST 2026 GUIDE
✓ The NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Exam (Weeks 1–4) is a non-
cumulative, multiple-choice assessment designed to evaluate understanding of
foundational disease mechanisms and system alterations.
INSIDE CONTAINS:
➢ Format: Multiple Choice
➢ Number of Questions: ~100
➢ Week 1: Immunological Pathologies
➢ Week 2: Hematologic & Cardiovascular Disorders
➢ Week 3: Pulmonary Disorders
➢ Week 4: Renal/Urinary Disorders
,NR507Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with answers
Midterm weeks 1-4
Question 1
pts
What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?
• Globulin
• Albumin
• Clotting factors
• Complement proteins.
Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a concentration of about 4 g/dl) is the
most abundant plasma protein.
Incorrect Question 2
pts
Carcinoma in situ is characterized by which changes?
• Cells have broken through the local basement membrane.
• Cells have invaded immediate surrounding tissue.
• Cells remain localized in the glandular or squamous cells.
• Cellular and tissue alterations indicate dysplasia.
Carcinoma in situ (CIS) refers to preinvasive epithelial malignant tumors of glandular or
squamous cell origin. These early-stage cancers are localized to the epithelium and have not
broken through the local basement membrane or invaded the surrounding tissue. Dysplasia refers
to changes in mature cell structure.
, Question 3
pts
Which laboratory test is considered adequate for an accurate and reliable diagnosis of
gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man?
• Ligase chain reaction (LCR)
• Gram-stain technique
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
• DNA testing
Microscopic evaluation of Gram-stained slides of clinical specimens is deemed positive
for Neisseria gonorrhoeae if gram-negative diplococci with the typical “kidney bean”
morphologic appearance are found inside polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Such a finding is
considered adequate for the diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man. The other
options are not relevant to the diagnosis of this condition.
Question 4
pts
The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is used to screen for which cancer?
• Ovarian
• Uterine
• Cervical
• Vaginal
The Pap test, an examination of cervical epithelial scrapings, readily detects early oncogenic
human papillomavirus (HPV)infection. The Pap test is not used for screening the other cancer
sites listed.
Incorrect Question 5
pts
Causes of hyperkalemia include:
• Hyperparathyroidism and malnutrition
• Vomiting and diarrhea
• Renal failure and Addison disease
• Hyperaldosteronism and Cushing disease
Hyperkalemia should be investigated when a history of renal disease, massive trauma, insulin
deficiency, Addison disease, use of potassium salt substitutes, or metabolic acidosis exists. The
other options are not known to be causes of hyperkalemia.
Question 6
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT |INCORRECT SOLUTIONS
(WEEKS 1–4)
LATEST 2026 GUIDE
✓ The NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Exam (Weeks 1–4) is a non-
cumulative, multiple-choice assessment designed to evaluate understanding of
foundational disease mechanisms and system alterations.
INSIDE CONTAINS:
➢ Format: Multiple Choice
➢ Number of Questions: ~100
➢ Week 1: Immunological Pathologies
➢ Week 2: Hematologic & Cardiovascular Disorders
➢ Week 3: Pulmonary Disorders
➢ Week 4: Renal/Urinary Disorders
,NR507Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with answers
Midterm weeks 1-4
Question 1
pts
What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?
• Globulin
• Albumin
• Clotting factors
• Complement proteins.
Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a concentration of about 4 g/dl) is the
most abundant plasma protein.
Incorrect Question 2
pts
Carcinoma in situ is characterized by which changes?
• Cells have broken through the local basement membrane.
• Cells have invaded immediate surrounding tissue.
• Cells remain localized in the glandular or squamous cells.
• Cellular and tissue alterations indicate dysplasia.
Carcinoma in situ (CIS) refers to preinvasive epithelial malignant tumors of glandular or
squamous cell origin. These early-stage cancers are localized to the epithelium and have not
broken through the local basement membrane or invaded the surrounding tissue. Dysplasia refers
to changes in mature cell structure.
, Question 3
pts
Which laboratory test is considered adequate for an accurate and reliable diagnosis of
gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man?
• Ligase chain reaction (LCR)
• Gram-stain technique
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
• DNA testing
Microscopic evaluation of Gram-stained slides of clinical specimens is deemed positive
for Neisseria gonorrhoeae if gram-negative diplococci with the typical “kidney bean”
morphologic appearance are found inside polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Such a finding is
considered adequate for the diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man. The other
options are not relevant to the diagnosis of this condition.
Question 4
pts
The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is used to screen for which cancer?
• Ovarian
• Uterine
• Cervical
• Vaginal
The Pap test, an examination of cervical epithelial scrapings, readily detects early oncogenic
human papillomavirus (HPV)infection. The Pap test is not used for screening the other cancer
sites listed.
Incorrect Question 5
pts
Causes of hyperkalemia include:
• Hyperparathyroidism and malnutrition
• Vomiting and diarrhea
• Renal failure and Addison disease
• Hyperaldosteronism and Cushing disease
Hyperkalemia should be investigated when a history of renal disease, massive trauma, insulin
deficiency, Addison disease, use of potassium salt substitutes, or metabolic acidosis exists. The
other options are not known to be causes of hyperkalemia.
Question 6
