NURS 345 Mental Health Exam 1 And
Exam 2 Final with Guaranteed Pass
Solutions 2025-2026 Updated.
Mental health laws protect - Answer Both patients and the caregivers
Most patients are admitted - Answer On an emergency involuntary status
Involuntary treatments only persist when - Answer Psychiatric professionals confirm there is
a mental health problem that interferes with the person's safe functioning
What is one of the most important legal concepts in psychiatry? - Answer Confidentiality
Unintentional tort - Answer Type of negligence called malpractice
Malpractice - Answer Professionals fail to act in accordance with professional standards - the
fail to foresee consequences of their action or inaction at the level that would be expected of
someone with similar training and experience
Who articulated levels of awareness? - Answer Freud
Conscious - Answer Contains all the material a person is aware of at any one time including
perceptions, memories, thoughts, fantasies, and feelings
Preconscious - Answer Contains material that can be retrieved rather easily through
conscious effort
Unconscious - Answer All repressed memories, passions, and unacceptable urges lying deep
below the surface
Freud's three psychological processes of personality - Answer ID, ego, supergo
ID - Answer At birth
Totally unconscious and impulsive - it is the source of all drives, instincts, reflexes, and needs
Cannot tolerate frustration and seeks to discharge tension and return to a comfortable level of
energy
For example - screaming infant who is hungry
,Superego - Answer Develops between the ages of 3-5 years of age, resides in all levels of
awareness
Ego - Answer Resides in the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels of awareness
Attempts to navigate the world
Interpersonal theory of personality development - Answer Focuses on interpersonal
processes that can be observed in a social framework
Interpersonal theory - Answer Believed human beings are driven by the need for interaction
Relationship with primary parenting figure is crucial for personality development
Interpersonal therapy - Answer Effective short-term therapy
Goal-reduce or eliminate psychiatric symptoms by improving interpersonal functioning
Satisfaction with social relationships
Three particular problems: grief and loss, interpersonal disputes, and role transition
Hildegard Peplau - Answer Developed the interpersonal theoretical framework that has
become the foundation of psychiatric mental health nursing practice
Nurse-patient relationship as the foundation of nursing practice
Cognitive theory - Answer Thoughts come before feelings and actions
Thoughts may not be a clear representation of reality and may be distorted
Cognitive-behavioral therapy - Answer Beck
Most commonly used and accepted
Empirically validated psychotherapeutic approach, focuses on identifying, understanding, and
changing distorted thoughts
Aaron Beck - Answer Used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders such as depression,
anxiety, phobias, and pain
States feelings and behaviors are largely determined by the way people think about the world
and their place in it
Stage 1 of theories of moral development - Answer Obedience and punishment
,This stage focuses on rules and on listening to authority - people believe that obedience is the
method to avoid punishment
Stage 2 of theories of moral development - Answer Individualism and exchange
This stage is where individuals become aware that not everyone thinks the way that they do,
and that different people see rules differently
If others decide to break the rules, they are risking punishment
Stage 3 of theories of moral development - Answer Good interpersonal relationships
Children begin to view rightness or wrongness as related to motivations, personality, or the
goodness or badness of the person
Stage 4 of theories of moral development - Answer Maintaining the social order
"Rules are rules"
The reasoning behind it is not simply to avoid punishment - it is because the person has begun
to adopt a broader view of society - listening to authority maintains the social order
Stage 5 of theories of moral development - Answer Social contract and individual rights
People still believe that the social order is important, but the social order must be good
For example, if the social order is corrupt, then rules should be changed and it is a duty to
protect the rights of others
Stage 6 of theories of moral development - Answer Universal ethical principles
Actions should create justice for everyone involved - we are obliged to break unjust laws
What are diagnoses of mental illnesses based off of? - Answer Signs and symptoms
Frontal lobe - Answer Thought processes
Formulates or selects goals
Decision making, insight, motivation, and social judgment
Temporal lobe - Answer Auditory
Language comprehension, Stores sounds in memory, Emotional brain
Occipital lobe - Answer Visionary
Interprets visual image, visual association, visual memories, and language formation
, Parietal lobe - Answer Sensory and motor
Receive and identify sensory information
Concept formation and abstraction
CT scan - Answer detects lesions, abrasions, and areas of infarct and aneurysm
Structural imaging - Answer Shows gross anatomical details of brain struction
Modeling - Answer The therapist provides a role model for specific identified behaviors, and
the patient learns through imitation - helps people with their phobias
Biofeedback - Answer Form of behavioral therapy and is successfully used today, especially
for controlling the body's physiological response to stress and anxiety
System desensitization - Answer Behavior modification therapy that involves the
development of behavior tasks customized to the patient's fears
1. Patient's fears are broken down to see what triggers a reaction
2. Patient is exposed to the fear
3. Design a hierarchy of fears
4. Practice statements every day
Somatization - Answer Psychological distress is experienced as physical problems
Just one example of how psychological distress is manifested in a way that seems different
Neurotransmitters - Answer Alteration of neurotransmitters is the basis or cause of
psychiatric illness and is the target for pharmacological treatment
Pharmacological treatment of mental disturbances - Answer Directed at the suspected
neurotransmitter-receptor problem
Antipsychotics - Answer Strong antagonists of the D2 receptors for dopamine
Block the attachment of dopamine, they reduce dopaminergic stimulation
Second generation antipsychotics - Answer May cause abnormal movement disorders
Exam 2 Final with Guaranteed Pass
Solutions 2025-2026 Updated.
Mental health laws protect - Answer Both patients and the caregivers
Most patients are admitted - Answer On an emergency involuntary status
Involuntary treatments only persist when - Answer Psychiatric professionals confirm there is
a mental health problem that interferes with the person's safe functioning
What is one of the most important legal concepts in psychiatry? - Answer Confidentiality
Unintentional tort - Answer Type of negligence called malpractice
Malpractice - Answer Professionals fail to act in accordance with professional standards - the
fail to foresee consequences of their action or inaction at the level that would be expected of
someone with similar training and experience
Who articulated levels of awareness? - Answer Freud
Conscious - Answer Contains all the material a person is aware of at any one time including
perceptions, memories, thoughts, fantasies, and feelings
Preconscious - Answer Contains material that can be retrieved rather easily through
conscious effort
Unconscious - Answer All repressed memories, passions, and unacceptable urges lying deep
below the surface
Freud's three psychological processes of personality - Answer ID, ego, supergo
ID - Answer At birth
Totally unconscious and impulsive - it is the source of all drives, instincts, reflexes, and needs
Cannot tolerate frustration and seeks to discharge tension and return to a comfortable level of
energy
For example - screaming infant who is hungry
,Superego - Answer Develops between the ages of 3-5 years of age, resides in all levels of
awareness
Ego - Answer Resides in the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels of awareness
Attempts to navigate the world
Interpersonal theory of personality development - Answer Focuses on interpersonal
processes that can be observed in a social framework
Interpersonal theory - Answer Believed human beings are driven by the need for interaction
Relationship with primary parenting figure is crucial for personality development
Interpersonal therapy - Answer Effective short-term therapy
Goal-reduce or eliminate psychiatric symptoms by improving interpersonal functioning
Satisfaction with social relationships
Three particular problems: grief and loss, interpersonal disputes, and role transition
Hildegard Peplau - Answer Developed the interpersonal theoretical framework that has
become the foundation of psychiatric mental health nursing practice
Nurse-patient relationship as the foundation of nursing practice
Cognitive theory - Answer Thoughts come before feelings and actions
Thoughts may not be a clear representation of reality and may be distorted
Cognitive-behavioral therapy - Answer Beck
Most commonly used and accepted
Empirically validated psychotherapeutic approach, focuses on identifying, understanding, and
changing distorted thoughts
Aaron Beck - Answer Used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders such as depression,
anxiety, phobias, and pain
States feelings and behaviors are largely determined by the way people think about the world
and their place in it
Stage 1 of theories of moral development - Answer Obedience and punishment
,This stage focuses on rules and on listening to authority - people believe that obedience is the
method to avoid punishment
Stage 2 of theories of moral development - Answer Individualism and exchange
This stage is where individuals become aware that not everyone thinks the way that they do,
and that different people see rules differently
If others decide to break the rules, they are risking punishment
Stage 3 of theories of moral development - Answer Good interpersonal relationships
Children begin to view rightness or wrongness as related to motivations, personality, or the
goodness or badness of the person
Stage 4 of theories of moral development - Answer Maintaining the social order
"Rules are rules"
The reasoning behind it is not simply to avoid punishment - it is because the person has begun
to adopt a broader view of society - listening to authority maintains the social order
Stage 5 of theories of moral development - Answer Social contract and individual rights
People still believe that the social order is important, but the social order must be good
For example, if the social order is corrupt, then rules should be changed and it is a duty to
protect the rights of others
Stage 6 of theories of moral development - Answer Universal ethical principles
Actions should create justice for everyone involved - we are obliged to break unjust laws
What are diagnoses of mental illnesses based off of? - Answer Signs and symptoms
Frontal lobe - Answer Thought processes
Formulates or selects goals
Decision making, insight, motivation, and social judgment
Temporal lobe - Answer Auditory
Language comprehension, Stores sounds in memory, Emotional brain
Occipital lobe - Answer Visionary
Interprets visual image, visual association, visual memories, and language formation
, Parietal lobe - Answer Sensory and motor
Receive and identify sensory information
Concept formation and abstraction
CT scan - Answer detects lesions, abrasions, and areas of infarct and aneurysm
Structural imaging - Answer Shows gross anatomical details of brain struction
Modeling - Answer The therapist provides a role model for specific identified behaviors, and
the patient learns through imitation - helps people with their phobias
Biofeedback - Answer Form of behavioral therapy and is successfully used today, especially
for controlling the body's physiological response to stress and anxiety
System desensitization - Answer Behavior modification therapy that involves the
development of behavior tasks customized to the patient's fears
1. Patient's fears are broken down to see what triggers a reaction
2. Patient is exposed to the fear
3. Design a hierarchy of fears
4. Practice statements every day
Somatization - Answer Psychological distress is experienced as physical problems
Just one example of how psychological distress is manifested in a way that seems different
Neurotransmitters - Answer Alteration of neurotransmitters is the basis or cause of
psychiatric illness and is the target for pharmacological treatment
Pharmacological treatment of mental disturbances - Answer Directed at the suspected
neurotransmitter-receptor problem
Antipsychotics - Answer Strong antagonists of the D2 receptors for dopamine
Block the attachment of dopamine, they reduce dopaminergic stimulation
Second generation antipsychotics - Answer May cause abnormal movement disorders
