NSG 520 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
HESI REVIEW – ADVANCED NURSING CONCEPTS,
DRUG THERAPY, AND PRACTICE QUESTIONS
The Six Rights of Medication Administration
Drug, Patient, Dose, Route, Time, Documentation
When do you draw the Peak?
Draw 1 hr after IM injection and 30 mins after completion of IV
When do you draw the Trough?
Draw just prior to the next dose (when using divided daily doses)
Draw 1 hour before next dose (when using single dose)
Metoprolol(Lopressor):
What drug class does it fall under?
Beta Blocker
Metoprolol(Lopressor):
Indications
Used for CHF, angina, HTN & MI.
,Metoprolol(Lopressor):
Mechanism of Action
Reduces sympathetic stimulation of the heart.
Metoprolol(Lopressor):
Adverse Effects
Bradycardia & hypotension.
Metoprolol(Lopressor):
Nursing Implications
Assess BP and pulse before giving. Hold if pulse is <60 bpm.
Metoprolol(Lopressor):
What can be given if overdose occurs?
Atropine.
Glipizide(Glucotrol):
What drug class does it fall under?
Sulfonylureas
,Glipizide(Glucotrol):
Indications
Type2 diabetes.
Glipizide(Glucotrol):
Mechanism of Action
Stimulate insulin release.
Increase insulin receptor sensitivity.
*REQUIRES SOME PANCREATIC FUNCTION
Glipizide(Glucotrol):
Adverse Effects
*Hypoglycemia, weight gain, GI distress, & hepatotoxicity.
Glipizide(Glucotrol):
Nursing Implications
Avoid alcohol!*
Metformin(Glucophage):
What drug class does it fall under?
Biguanides.
, Metformin(Glucophage):
Indications
Type2 Diabetes
Metformin(Glucophage):
Mechanism of Action
Decreases glucose production in liver, reduces insulin resistance
Metformin(Glucophage):
Adverse Effects
GI problems & lactic acidosis.
Metformin(Glucophage):
Nursing Implications
Hold for 48 hours before and after IV contrast.
Acarbose(Precose):
What drug class does it fall under?
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.
HESI REVIEW – ADVANCED NURSING CONCEPTS,
DRUG THERAPY, AND PRACTICE QUESTIONS
The Six Rights of Medication Administration
Drug, Patient, Dose, Route, Time, Documentation
When do you draw the Peak?
Draw 1 hr after IM injection and 30 mins after completion of IV
When do you draw the Trough?
Draw just prior to the next dose (when using divided daily doses)
Draw 1 hour before next dose (when using single dose)
Metoprolol(Lopressor):
What drug class does it fall under?
Beta Blocker
Metoprolol(Lopressor):
Indications
Used for CHF, angina, HTN & MI.
,Metoprolol(Lopressor):
Mechanism of Action
Reduces sympathetic stimulation of the heart.
Metoprolol(Lopressor):
Adverse Effects
Bradycardia & hypotension.
Metoprolol(Lopressor):
Nursing Implications
Assess BP and pulse before giving. Hold if pulse is <60 bpm.
Metoprolol(Lopressor):
What can be given if overdose occurs?
Atropine.
Glipizide(Glucotrol):
What drug class does it fall under?
Sulfonylureas
,Glipizide(Glucotrol):
Indications
Type2 diabetes.
Glipizide(Glucotrol):
Mechanism of Action
Stimulate insulin release.
Increase insulin receptor sensitivity.
*REQUIRES SOME PANCREATIC FUNCTION
Glipizide(Glucotrol):
Adverse Effects
*Hypoglycemia, weight gain, GI distress, & hepatotoxicity.
Glipizide(Glucotrol):
Nursing Implications
Avoid alcohol!*
Metformin(Glucophage):
What drug class does it fall under?
Biguanides.
, Metformin(Glucophage):
Indications
Type2 Diabetes
Metformin(Glucophage):
Mechanism of Action
Decreases glucose production in liver, reduces insulin resistance
Metformin(Glucophage):
Adverse Effects
GI problems & lactic acidosis.
Metformin(Glucophage):
Nursing Implications
Hold for 48 hours before and after IV contrast.
Acarbose(Precose):
What drug class does it fall under?
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.
