HESI PEDIATRIC TEST BANK
2026/2027 EXIT EXAM – 250
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS UPDATED
A 15-month-old is admitted to the pediatric unit with a history of a recent upper respiratory
infection. Which symptom is consistent with the diagnosis of laryngotracheobronchitis
(croup)? Select all that apply.
1.Reported inspiratory stridor which is worse at night.
2.Suprasternal retractions are present upon examination.
3.The toddler has a barking, seal-like, harsh cough.
4.Lung sounds have inspiratory wheezing.
5.Lung sounds with crackles in the bases bilaterally. ANSWER- 1,2,3
A four-year-old is presented to the urgent care center with a history of a sudden onset of
a severe sore throat. He began drooling and has difficulty swallowing. The temperature is
102.2F (39.0C). Lung sounds are clear and there is no cough. The child is very anxious and
flushed and is leaning forward in a tripod position. Based on these symptoms, the nurse
anticipates a diagnosis of: 1.Acute Asthma Attack
2.Laryngotracheomalacia
3.Acute laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup)
,4.Acute Epiglottitis ANSWER- 4
Which should the nurse expect to be included in the treatment of the client experiencing
acute asthma symptoms? Select all that apply.
1.Bronchodilators
2.Corticosteroids
3.Oxygen
4.Montelukast (Singular)
5.Immediate Intubation ANSWER- 1, 2, 3
The nurse understands that in a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) which vitamin absorption is
impaired? Select all that apply.
1.............................................................................................................................................................................2
2 ...........................................................................................................................................................................2
3 ...........................................................................................................................................................................2
4 .........................................................................................................................................................................4
5.E ANSWER- 1, 3, 4, 5
Which indicates the earliest sign of hemorrhage in a child who has just had a
tonsillectomy? 1.Frequent swallowing
2.Labored respirations
3.Tachypnea stridor
4.Dark brown emesis ANSWER- 1
,A child with chronic otitis media has bilateral myringotomy tubes placed. Which statement
would indicate that the parent understands education about myringotomy tubes?
1."The tubes have to be surgically removed in 9 months or so."
2."The tubes were placed to equalize pressure."
3."These tubes won't affect my child being able to go swimming in the summer."
4."My child will still need to be on Amoxicillin prophylactically for six months." ANSWER- 2
The nurse should instruct the parent whose child is diagnosed with respiratory syncytial
virus (RSV) to notify the healthcare provider for which issue? Select all that apply. 1.The
child is not eating
2.There is a decrease in wet diapers
3.There is increased work of breathing
4.The child develops yellow drainage from the nose
5.Only when the child wheezes ANSWER- 1, 2, 3
Which are signs and symptoms of respiratory distress in a two-monthold? Select all that
apply.
1.Nasal flaring
2.Intercostal retractions
3.Coughing
4.Bronchovesicular lung sounds
5.Grunting ANSWER- 1, 2, 5
, You are teaching a family with a child who has cystic fibrosis (CF) about chest physiotherapy
treatment (CPT). Which of the following teaching points are correct to include? SATA 1.It
should be performed three to four times a day.
2.It may cause bronchospasm.
3.It is all right to percuss over the spine or internal organs.
4.When manually percussing you should use a cupped hand.
5.CPT can be done at any time including after eating. ANSWER- 1, 2,
4
Which child does the nurse anticipate to be most at risk for being hospitalized for
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)? 1.A three-month-old who was born at 30 weeks
gestation
2.A 18-month-old with a tracheostomy
3.A four-year-old with a ventricular septal defect (VSD)
4.A five-year-old who was term but has never received any immunizations ANSWER- 1
The nursing student asks the nurse about genetic implications related to cystic fibrosis (CF).
How should the nurse respond?
1."It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait."
2."It is a genetic defect found primarily in non-Caucasian people."
3."If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of the defective gene."
4."There is a 50% chance the siblings of an affected child will also be affected." ANSWER- 3
what is the gold standard test in cystic fibrosis ANSWER- sweat test
2026/2027 EXIT EXAM – 250
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS UPDATED
A 15-month-old is admitted to the pediatric unit with a history of a recent upper respiratory
infection. Which symptom is consistent with the diagnosis of laryngotracheobronchitis
(croup)? Select all that apply.
1.Reported inspiratory stridor which is worse at night.
2.Suprasternal retractions are present upon examination.
3.The toddler has a barking, seal-like, harsh cough.
4.Lung sounds have inspiratory wheezing.
5.Lung sounds with crackles in the bases bilaterally. ANSWER- 1,2,3
A four-year-old is presented to the urgent care center with a history of a sudden onset of
a severe sore throat. He began drooling and has difficulty swallowing. The temperature is
102.2F (39.0C). Lung sounds are clear and there is no cough. The child is very anxious and
flushed and is leaning forward in a tripod position. Based on these symptoms, the nurse
anticipates a diagnosis of: 1.Acute Asthma Attack
2.Laryngotracheomalacia
3.Acute laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup)
,4.Acute Epiglottitis ANSWER- 4
Which should the nurse expect to be included in the treatment of the client experiencing
acute asthma symptoms? Select all that apply.
1.Bronchodilators
2.Corticosteroids
3.Oxygen
4.Montelukast (Singular)
5.Immediate Intubation ANSWER- 1, 2, 3
The nurse understands that in a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) which vitamin absorption is
impaired? Select all that apply.
1.............................................................................................................................................................................2
2 ...........................................................................................................................................................................2
3 ...........................................................................................................................................................................2
4 .........................................................................................................................................................................4
5.E ANSWER- 1, 3, 4, 5
Which indicates the earliest sign of hemorrhage in a child who has just had a
tonsillectomy? 1.Frequent swallowing
2.Labored respirations
3.Tachypnea stridor
4.Dark brown emesis ANSWER- 1
,A child with chronic otitis media has bilateral myringotomy tubes placed. Which statement
would indicate that the parent understands education about myringotomy tubes?
1."The tubes have to be surgically removed in 9 months or so."
2."The tubes were placed to equalize pressure."
3."These tubes won't affect my child being able to go swimming in the summer."
4."My child will still need to be on Amoxicillin prophylactically for six months." ANSWER- 2
The nurse should instruct the parent whose child is diagnosed with respiratory syncytial
virus (RSV) to notify the healthcare provider for which issue? Select all that apply. 1.The
child is not eating
2.There is a decrease in wet diapers
3.There is increased work of breathing
4.The child develops yellow drainage from the nose
5.Only when the child wheezes ANSWER- 1, 2, 3
Which are signs and symptoms of respiratory distress in a two-monthold? Select all that
apply.
1.Nasal flaring
2.Intercostal retractions
3.Coughing
4.Bronchovesicular lung sounds
5.Grunting ANSWER- 1, 2, 5
, You are teaching a family with a child who has cystic fibrosis (CF) about chest physiotherapy
treatment (CPT). Which of the following teaching points are correct to include? SATA 1.It
should be performed three to four times a day.
2.It may cause bronchospasm.
3.It is all right to percuss over the spine or internal organs.
4.When manually percussing you should use a cupped hand.
5.CPT can be done at any time including after eating. ANSWER- 1, 2,
4
Which child does the nurse anticipate to be most at risk for being hospitalized for
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)? 1.A three-month-old who was born at 30 weeks
gestation
2.A 18-month-old with a tracheostomy
3.A four-year-old with a ventricular septal defect (VSD)
4.A five-year-old who was term but has never received any immunizations ANSWER- 1
The nursing student asks the nurse about genetic implications related to cystic fibrosis (CF).
How should the nurse respond?
1."It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait."
2."It is a genetic defect found primarily in non-Caucasian people."
3."If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of the defective gene."
4."There is a 50% chance the siblings of an affected child will also be affected." ANSWER- 3
what is the gold standard test in cystic fibrosis ANSWER- sweat test
