Summary Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Fluid and Electrolye Balance
Kidney blood volume or
pressure
 Primary organ involved in
 When person sweats
osmoregulation
excessively, or is
 Fluid balance
dehydrated
 Alcohol inhibits production of
ADH
Mechanism of action of ADH
 Primary function
 Decrease loss of water
from kidneys
 Reduces concentration
of electrolytes
 Increases blood
pressure
 Released from pituitary
Changes in Blood Volume
gland to targets:
and Pressure Trigger RAAS
 Collection tubules in
Granular cells of juxtaglomerular kidneys
apparatus releases renin in  Membrane
response to: more
permeable to
 Sympathetic nervous system
water
simulation
(increases
 Decreased filtrate osmolarity
water
 Decreased stretch
reabsorption)
 Due to decreased
 Decreased urine
blood pressure
output
 Sweat glands
RAAS  Decrease
perspiration to
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone conserve water
System  Arterioles
 Smooth muscle
Antidiuretic Hormone constricts
 Increases blood
 Synthesized in pressure
hypothalamus, stored in and
released from posterior Aldosterone
pituitary when hypothalamic
 Synthesized in adrenal
osmoreceptors stimulated
cortex
 Released in response to:
 Zone glomerulosa
 Rise in blood
 Controls levels of Na+, K+
concentration of
ions in extracellular fluids
electrolytes, fall in