REVIEW 2026 FULL QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉Stage 3 HIV. Answer: -confirmed HIV infection - CD4 T-cell <200
cells/mm3
-CD4 T-cell <14%
-AIDS defining illness present
- poor wound healing, night sweats, D, weight loss, visual changes,
confusion
◉HIV tranmission. Answer: - sexual contact
- parenterally (needles)
- Perinatally (across placenta, exposure at birth to blood, breastmilk)
NOT
- casually
- sharing household utensils, towels, linens, toilets
- mosquitoes or insects
◉Truvada. Answer: prevents HIV infection
, - used for preexposure
- once daily
- take 7 days before having sex with HIV partner
- cannot take Hep B
- start over after 2 missed doses
◉cART Therapy. Answer: used for occupational exposure ( sharps
injury) or nonoccupational exposure (sex)
- start within the first 36 hours
- treat with for at least 28 days or until determined negative
◉HIV Labs/Diagnostics. Answer: -ELISA: inexpensive/accurate; if pt
has hiv antibodies will bind with hiv grown in a culture, hiv antigens
can be detected, if person has recently been infected and not started
making antibodies then could be neg
-Western Blot: test for when ELISA is positive, detects antibodies for
HIV antigens, positive test doesn't mean AIDS just infected with HIV
◉AIDS Opportunistic Infection. Answer: caused by overgrowth of
the pts normal flora
- may be new infection or reactivation or previous infection
- does not pose a threat on healthy individuals