PANRE Review Questions and
Answers
multifocalAatrialAtach:AcommonAcausesA-
AAnswerACOPD,ACHF,sepsis,AvalvularAheartAdisease,AmethylxanthineAtoxicity.
MultifocalAatrialAtach:AtreatmentA-AAnswerAMagnesium,AverapamilAorABeta-blockers
AtrialAflutter:ATreatment,AinitialA-AAnswerAAVAnodeAblockade:AB-
blockers,ACaAchannelAblockers,ADig.
AtrialAFlutter:Atreatment,AstableA-
AAnswerAchemicalAcardioversionAw/AclassA1AAagentA(procainamideAorAquinidine)
AtrialAFlutter:Atreatment,AunstableA-AAnswerAElectrocardiovertAatA25-50j
AtrialAFibrillation:ACausesA-
AAnswerAHTN,ArheumaticAheartAdisease,Apneumonia,Athyrotoxicosis,AischemicAheart,Aperica
rditis,AEtOHAintox,APE,ACHF,AvalvularAheartAdisease,ACOPD
AtrialAFibrillation:ATreatmentA1A-AAnswerARateAcontrol:AB-
clocker,ACaAchannelAblocker,AthenAconvertAwithAprocainamide,Aquinidine,AorAverapamil.
DigApossibleAbutAhasAdelayedAeffect.
CalciumAchannelABlockersA-AAnswerAVerapamil,ADiltiazem
AtrialAFibrillation:ATreatmentA2,AUnstableA-AAnswerASynchronizedAcardioversionAatA100-
200J
AtrialAFibrillation:ATreatmentA2,AStableA-
AAnswerAIfAdurationA?,AanticoagulationAforA3wksApriorAtoAchemicalAorAelectricalAcardiove
rsion.
Answers
multifocalAatrialAtach:AcommonAcausesA-
AAnswerACOPD,ACHF,sepsis,AvalvularAheartAdisease,AmethylxanthineAtoxicity.
MultifocalAatrialAtach:AtreatmentA-AAnswerAMagnesium,AverapamilAorABeta-blockers
AtrialAflutter:ATreatment,AinitialA-AAnswerAAVAnodeAblockade:AB-
blockers,ACaAchannelAblockers,ADig.
AtrialAFlutter:Atreatment,AstableA-
AAnswerAchemicalAcardioversionAw/AclassA1AAagentA(procainamideAorAquinidine)
AtrialAFlutter:Atreatment,AunstableA-AAnswerAElectrocardiovertAatA25-50j
AtrialAFibrillation:ACausesA-
AAnswerAHTN,ArheumaticAheartAdisease,Apneumonia,Athyrotoxicosis,AischemicAheart,Aperica
rditis,AEtOHAintox,APE,ACHF,AvalvularAheartAdisease,ACOPD
AtrialAFibrillation:ATreatmentA1A-AAnswerARateAcontrol:AB-
clocker,ACaAchannelAblocker,AthenAconvertAwithAprocainamide,Aquinidine,AorAverapamil.
DigApossibleAbutAhasAdelayedAeffect.
CalciumAchannelABlockersA-AAnswerAVerapamil,ADiltiazem
AtrialAFibrillation:ATreatmentA2,AUnstableA-AAnswerASynchronizedAcardioversionAatA100-
200J
AtrialAFibrillation:ATreatmentA2,AStableA-
AAnswerAIfAdurationA?,AanticoagulationAforA3wksApriorAtoAchemicalAorAelectricalAcardiove
rsion.