SAMENVATTING IPC
2020-2021
,lOMoARcPSD|5058758
, lOMoARcPSD|5058758
Interpersoonlijke communicatie
Inhoud
1 introduction: useful and useless distinctions in the study of Interpersonal Communication..............1
1.1 Mass mediated communication (mmc) VS interpersonal communication....................................1
1.2 Verbale vs. Non-verbale IPC..............................................................................................2
1.3 Left vs Right hemispheric processing...............................................................................2
1.4 Index, icoon en symbool (semiotiek).................................................................................3
2 The theoretical framework..........................................................................................................5
2.1 The cognitive paradigm.......................................................................................................5
2.1.1 Het SSSM: Standard social science model..............................................................................5
2.2 Two minds: on system 1 and system 2.............................................................................6
2.2.1 Ledoux: the emotional brain.......................................................................................6
2.2.2 From dual processing to dual systems theory.........................................................................7
2.3 Meaning or information processing?.................................................................................8
2.3.1 Updating the SSSM – part 2.......................................................................................8
2.4 Creating meaning................................................................................................................8
2.4.1 Von Uexküll: biosemiotics...........................................................................................8
2.4.2 The lens model of E. Brunswick.................................................................................8
2.4.3 A semiotic perspective on cues.................................................................................9
2.4.4 From natural to conventional semiosis.....................................................................................9
2.4.5 System o: purely indexical..........................................................................................9
2.4.6 System 1: indexical/iconic semiosis........................................................................................10
2.4.7 System 2 iconic/symbolic semiosis.........................................................................................10
2.4.8 Summary.....................................................................................................................11
2.5 A note on (iconic) meaning making heuristics: biases and habits archetypes and stereotypes
12
2.5.1 Making sense of reality.............................................................................................12
2.5.2 A note on archetypes and stereotypes as being iconic biases and habits........................13
2.6 Cues and signals...............................................................................................................14
2.6.1 The origin of communication....................................................................................15
2.7 The functions of interpersonal communication...............................................................................17
2.8 An evolutionary perspective on the functions of communication.........................................19
2.8.1 Evolutionary psychology...........................................................................................19
2.8.2 William Hamilton: neo-neodarwinism...............................................................................19
2.8.3 4 levels of selection...................................................................................................21
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, lOMoARcPSD|5058758
2.8.4 Domain-specific versus general...............................................................................................21
2.8.5 Environment of Evolutionary adaptedness (E.E.A) (pleistoceen – stone age).................21
2.8.6 Perception (communication sensu lato/ruime zin): affordances........................................22
2.9 Bases of our affordance management system: the universal goal model & the universal
value model
23
2.9.1 The universal goal model..........................................................................................................23
2.9.2 The universal value model........................................................................................................25
2.9.3 Communication, affordances and Bonding management...................................................28
2.9.4 Our own model of IPC functions..............................................................................................28
2.9.5 Information vs Manipulation...............................................................................................29
2.10 Supernormal stimuli..........................................................................................................................29
2.10.1 Supernormal signals..................................................................................................................30
2.11 Costly signals............................................................................................................................................30
2.12 Linking costly signals and supernormal stimuli.............................................................................31
2.12.1 Summary...............................................................................................................................32
3 IPC sign systems................................................................................................................................................33
3.1 Our global framework: a short reminder...................................................................................33
3.2 Nonverbal communication systems................................................................................................34
3.2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................34
3.2.2 Nonverbal skilfulness................................................................................................................38
3.2.3 Physical appearance: the body/the face...............................................................................39
3.2.4 The identity function............................................................................................................40
3.2.5 Our age identity....................................................................................................................41
3.2.6 Ethnic identity.......................................................................................................................41
3.2.7 Our kin identity.....................................................................................................................42
3.3 The emotional function................................................................................................................42
3.3.1 The expression of emotions in man and animal Darwin.....................................................42
3.3.2 Paul Ekman.......................................................................................................................................42
3.3.3 Descriptive systems..................................................................................................................42
3.3.4 True (honest) or manipulative?...............................................................................................42
3.3.5 Facial attractiveness: the relationship function...................................................................44
3.3.6 Occulesics: gazing...........................................................................................................................45
3.3.7 Case: a mass media application: is a direct gaze of the ad model preferred over an
averted one
45
3.3.8 Occulesics.............................................................................................................................46
3.4 The body..............................................................................................................................................47
2
2020-2021
,lOMoARcPSD|5058758
, lOMoARcPSD|5058758
Interpersoonlijke communicatie
Inhoud
1 introduction: useful and useless distinctions in the study of Interpersonal Communication..............1
1.1 Mass mediated communication (mmc) VS interpersonal communication....................................1
1.2 Verbale vs. Non-verbale IPC..............................................................................................2
1.3 Left vs Right hemispheric processing...............................................................................2
1.4 Index, icoon en symbool (semiotiek).................................................................................3
2 The theoretical framework..........................................................................................................5
2.1 The cognitive paradigm.......................................................................................................5
2.1.1 Het SSSM: Standard social science model..............................................................................5
2.2 Two minds: on system 1 and system 2.............................................................................6
2.2.1 Ledoux: the emotional brain.......................................................................................6
2.2.2 From dual processing to dual systems theory.........................................................................7
2.3 Meaning or information processing?.................................................................................8
2.3.1 Updating the SSSM – part 2.......................................................................................8
2.4 Creating meaning................................................................................................................8
2.4.1 Von Uexküll: biosemiotics...........................................................................................8
2.4.2 The lens model of E. Brunswick.................................................................................8
2.4.3 A semiotic perspective on cues.................................................................................9
2.4.4 From natural to conventional semiosis.....................................................................................9
2.4.5 System o: purely indexical..........................................................................................9
2.4.6 System 1: indexical/iconic semiosis........................................................................................10
2.4.7 System 2 iconic/symbolic semiosis.........................................................................................10
2.4.8 Summary.....................................................................................................................11
2.5 A note on (iconic) meaning making heuristics: biases and habits archetypes and stereotypes
12
2.5.1 Making sense of reality.............................................................................................12
2.5.2 A note on archetypes and stereotypes as being iconic biases and habits........................13
2.6 Cues and signals...............................................................................................................14
2.6.1 The origin of communication....................................................................................15
2.7 The functions of interpersonal communication...............................................................................17
2.8 An evolutionary perspective on the functions of communication.........................................19
2.8.1 Evolutionary psychology...........................................................................................19
2.8.2 William Hamilton: neo-neodarwinism...............................................................................19
2.8.3 4 levels of selection...................................................................................................21
1
, lOMoARcPSD|5058758
2.8.4 Domain-specific versus general...............................................................................................21
2.8.5 Environment of Evolutionary adaptedness (E.E.A) (pleistoceen – stone age).................21
2.8.6 Perception (communication sensu lato/ruime zin): affordances........................................22
2.9 Bases of our affordance management system: the universal goal model & the universal
value model
23
2.9.1 The universal goal model..........................................................................................................23
2.9.2 The universal value model........................................................................................................25
2.9.3 Communication, affordances and Bonding management...................................................28
2.9.4 Our own model of IPC functions..............................................................................................28
2.9.5 Information vs Manipulation...............................................................................................29
2.10 Supernormal stimuli..........................................................................................................................29
2.10.1 Supernormal signals..................................................................................................................30
2.11 Costly signals............................................................................................................................................30
2.12 Linking costly signals and supernormal stimuli.............................................................................31
2.12.1 Summary...............................................................................................................................32
3 IPC sign systems................................................................................................................................................33
3.1 Our global framework: a short reminder...................................................................................33
3.2 Nonverbal communication systems................................................................................................34
3.2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................34
3.2.2 Nonverbal skilfulness................................................................................................................38
3.2.3 Physical appearance: the body/the face...............................................................................39
3.2.4 The identity function............................................................................................................40
3.2.5 Our age identity....................................................................................................................41
3.2.6 Ethnic identity.......................................................................................................................41
3.2.7 Our kin identity.....................................................................................................................42
3.3 The emotional function................................................................................................................42
3.3.1 The expression of emotions in man and animal Darwin.....................................................42
3.3.2 Paul Ekman.......................................................................................................................................42
3.3.3 Descriptive systems..................................................................................................................42
3.3.4 True (honest) or manipulative?...............................................................................................42
3.3.5 Facial attractiveness: the relationship function...................................................................44
3.3.6 Occulesics: gazing...........................................................................................................................45
3.3.7 Case: a mass media application: is a direct gaze of the ad model preferred over an
averted one
45
3.3.8 Occulesics.............................................................................................................................46
3.4 The body..............................................................................................................................................47
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