PSYCH 230 Exam 3
chemicals, secreted by a group of cells (i.e.,
Hormones gland), that travel through the bloodstream to
act on targets
endocrine glands release hormones within the body
use ducts to secrete fluids such as tears and
exocrine glands
sweat outside the body
the study of endocrine
Endocrinology glands and their
associated hormones
The first formal study of endocrinology Conducted by Arnold Berthold in 1849
removal of the gonads
(testes) → results in
Castration
behavioral and
physiological changes
a product released from testes into the blood is
necessary for an immature chicken to develop
Berthold demonstrated experimentally that…
into a normal male rooster, both behaviorally
and physically
The brain and body are “organized” by
exposure to hormones early in life ____________, and these changes can be dramatic
and long-lasting
Later in life, ____________, but their effects tend to
hormones “activate” behaviors
be less dramatic and short-lived
involves chemical release
into the synaptic cleft for
Synaptic communication
action on the
postsynaptic membrane
, a hormone released into
Endocrine communication the bloodstream to act on
target issues
neurons that release
Neuroendocrine (or neurosecretory) cells
hormones into the blood
travels only
across a synaptic
cleft to act on
receptor
Synaptic communication:
signal travels
along a laid path
(circuit)
very fast
Spreads anywhere
throughout the
body if there is a
blood supply; can
Endocrine communication: act on cells with
the appropriate
receptor
Relatively slower
the released chemical
diffuses to nearby target
Paracrine function
cells (e.g., synaptic
transmission)
a released chemical acts
Autocrine function
on the releasing cell
hormones can be used to
communicate between
individuals of the SAME
Pheromone function
species; pheromones are
released into the
environment
, Allomones are chemicals
released by one species
Allomone function
to affect the behavior of
ANOTHER species
gradual Hormones act in a _________ fashion
Hormones act by changing the
probability or intesity
____________________________ of a behavior
DO NOT Hormones _______ make you do anything
Hormones can affect behavior, and behavior can
reciprocal, or bidirectional relationship
affect hormones
A hormone may have ____ effects, and one
multiple; several
behavior can be affected by ______ hormones
Hormones often act in a _______ secretion
pulsatile
pattern (i.e., bursts)
Hormones can interact with other hormones
change their affects
and…
Hormones can only affect
with a receptor for that hormone
cells…
Peptide hormone, Amine hormones, Steroid
Chemical structure of hormones:
hormones
Peptide hormone a string of amino acids
modified amino acids, called monoamine
Amine hormones
hormones
four rings of carbon atoms (derivatives of
Steroid hormones
cholesterol)
neurotransmitters AND hormones Some chemicals can act as both…
chemicals, secreted by a group of cells (i.e.,
Hormones gland), that travel through the bloodstream to
act on targets
endocrine glands release hormones within the body
use ducts to secrete fluids such as tears and
exocrine glands
sweat outside the body
the study of endocrine
Endocrinology glands and their
associated hormones
The first formal study of endocrinology Conducted by Arnold Berthold in 1849
removal of the gonads
(testes) → results in
Castration
behavioral and
physiological changes
a product released from testes into the blood is
necessary for an immature chicken to develop
Berthold demonstrated experimentally that…
into a normal male rooster, both behaviorally
and physically
The brain and body are “organized” by
exposure to hormones early in life ____________, and these changes can be dramatic
and long-lasting
Later in life, ____________, but their effects tend to
hormones “activate” behaviors
be less dramatic and short-lived
involves chemical release
into the synaptic cleft for
Synaptic communication
action on the
postsynaptic membrane
, a hormone released into
Endocrine communication the bloodstream to act on
target issues
neurons that release
Neuroendocrine (or neurosecretory) cells
hormones into the blood
travels only
across a synaptic
cleft to act on
receptor
Synaptic communication:
signal travels
along a laid path
(circuit)
very fast
Spreads anywhere
throughout the
body if there is a
blood supply; can
Endocrine communication: act on cells with
the appropriate
receptor
Relatively slower
the released chemical
diffuses to nearby target
Paracrine function
cells (e.g., synaptic
transmission)
a released chemical acts
Autocrine function
on the releasing cell
hormones can be used to
communicate between
individuals of the SAME
Pheromone function
species; pheromones are
released into the
environment
, Allomones are chemicals
released by one species
Allomone function
to affect the behavior of
ANOTHER species
gradual Hormones act in a _________ fashion
Hormones act by changing the
probability or intesity
____________________________ of a behavior
DO NOT Hormones _______ make you do anything
Hormones can affect behavior, and behavior can
reciprocal, or bidirectional relationship
affect hormones
A hormone may have ____ effects, and one
multiple; several
behavior can be affected by ______ hormones
Hormones often act in a _______ secretion
pulsatile
pattern (i.e., bursts)
Hormones can interact with other hormones
change their affects
and…
Hormones can only affect
with a receptor for that hormone
cells…
Peptide hormone, Amine hormones, Steroid
Chemical structure of hormones:
hormones
Peptide hormone a string of amino acids
modified amino acids, called monoamine
Amine hormones
hormones
four rings of carbon atoms (derivatives of
Steroid hormones
cholesterol)
neurotransmitters AND hormones Some chemicals can act as both…
