APEA Orthopedics Pharmacology
Test Bank | Complete Questions &
Answers Study Pack A+ Guaranteed
• The most common cause of a septic arthritis is:
O Staphylococcus aureus
Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Group A Streptococcus
• Corynebacterium . Answer: Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of a septic arthritis.
Septic arthritis can occur as a result of direct invasion of the joint by
bacteria. Septic arthritis may also occur as a result of septicemia that
develops after joint replacement surgery. During septicemia caused by
an infection at a site near a joint, organisms are deposited in or on the
synovial membrane. When the bacteria grow, the infection can spread to
the joint space and then bone and cartilage.
• The agents responsible for bone resorption in the process of bone
remodeling are:
• myeloid stem cells.
• mesenchymal cells.
,-osteoclasts.
• osteoblasts. . Answer: osteoclasts
The agents responsible for bone resorption in the process of bone
remodeling are osteoclasts. Bone is continually remodeled in response to
microtrauma. Bone remodeling occurs at discrete sites within the
skeleton and proceeds in an orderly fashion. Bone resorption is always
followed by bone formation, a phenomenon known as coupling.
Osteoclasts, derived from hematopoietic precursors, are responsible for
bone resorption. Osteoblasts, derived from mesenchymal cells, are
responsible for bone formation. Osteoblasts not only secrete and
mineralize osteoid but also appear to control the bone resorption carried
out by osteoclasts. Osteocytes, which are terminally differentiated
osteoblasts embedded in mineralized bone, direct the timing and location
of bone remodeling. In osteoporosis, the coupling mechanism between
osteoclasts and osteoblasts is thought to be unable to keep up with the
constant microtrauma to trabecular bone. Osteoclasts require weeks to
resorb bone, whereas osteoblasts need months to resorb bone.
Osteoclasts and osteoblasts are dependent on each other for production
and linked in the process of bone remodeling.
• A pathologic alteration in the musculotendinous origins of the extensor
carpi radialis brevis muscle and longus tendons as a result of overuse is:
• lateral epicondylitis.
• synovitis of the elbow.
-O cubital tunnel syndrome.
• bursitis. . Answer: lateral epicondylitis
, Lateral epicondylitis, known as "tennis elbow," is a pathologic alteration
in the musculotendinous origins of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
muscle. The alteration (with subsequent pain) occurs on the lateral
epicondylar region of the distal humerus and is a result of overuse.
Lateral epicondylitis is not an inflammatory disease; it is more properly
termed a tendinosis. It specifically involves the origin of the extensor
carpi radialis brevis at the lateral condyle. Any activity involving wrist
extension or supination can be associated with overuse of the muscles
originating at the lateral epicondyle. The area with the most tenderness
is usually an area just distal to the origin of the extensor muscles of the
forearm at the lateral epicondyle.
• A 50-year-old woman reports morning joint stiffness that lasts less
than 1 hour and resumes after activity. During physical examination, the
NP detects crepitus. This symptom indicates:
• rheumatoid arthritis.
O bursitis.
• tendonitis.
• osteoarthritis. . Answer: Osteoarthritis
Crepitus is a palpable or audible grating or crunching sensation
produced by motion. It may or may not be accompanied by discomfort.
Crepitus occurs when roughened articular or extra-articular surfaces are
rubbed together by active motion or by manual compression. Crepitus in
a joint can indicate cartilage wear in the joint space, as in osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis is a progressive destruction of the articular cartilage and
Test Bank | Complete Questions &
Answers Study Pack A+ Guaranteed
• The most common cause of a septic arthritis is:
O Staphylococcus aureus
Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Group A Streptococcus
• Corynebacterium . Answer: Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of a septic arthritis.
Septic arthritis can occur as a result of direct invasion of the joint by
bacteria. Septic arthritis may also occur as a result of septicemia that
develops after joint replacement surgery. During septicemia caused by
an infection at a site near a joint, organisms are deposited in or on the
synovial membrane. When the bacteria grow, the infection can spread to
the joint space and then bone and cartilage.
• The agents responsible for bone resorption in the process of bone
remodeling are:
• myeloid stem cells.
• mesenchymal cells.
,-osteoclasts.
• osteoblasts. . Answer: osteoclasts
The agents responsible for bone resorption in the process of bone
remodeling are osteoclasts. Bone is continually remodeled in response to
microtrauma. Bone remodeling occurs at discrete sites within the
skeleton and proceeds in an orderly fashion. Bone resorption is always
followed by bone formation, a phenomenon known as coupling.
Osteoclasts, derived from hematopoietic precursors, are responsible for
bone resorption. Osteoblasts, derived from mesenchymal cells, are
responsible for bone formation. Osteoblasts not only secrete and
mineralize osteoid but also appear to control the bone resorption carried
out by osteoclasts. Osteocytes, which are terminally differentiated
osteoblasts embedded in mineralized bone, direct the timing and location
of bone remodeling. In osteoporosis, the coupling mechanism between
osteoclasts and osteoblasts is thought to be unable to keep up with the
constant microtrauma to trabecular bone. Osteoclasts require weeks to
resorb bone, whereas osteoblasts need months to resorb bone.
Osteoclasts and osteoblasts are dependent on each other for production
and linked in the process of bone remodeling.
• A pathologic alteration in the musculotendinous origins of the extensor
carpi radialis brevis muscle and longus tendons as a result of overuse is:
• lateral epicondylitis.
• synovitis of the elbow.
-O cubital tunnel syndrome.
• bursitis. . Answer: lateral epicondylitis
, Lateral epicondylitis, known as "tennis elbow," is a pathologic alteration
in the musculotendinous origins of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
muscle. The alteration (with subsequent pain) occurs on the lateral
epicondylar region of the distal humerus and is a result of overuse.
Lateral epicondylitis is not an inflammatory disease; it is more properly
termed a tendinosis. It specifically involves the origin of the extensor
carpi radialis brevis at the lateral condyle. Any activity involving wrist
extension or supination can be associated with overuse of the muscles
originating at the lateral epicondyle. The area with the most tenderness
is usually an area just distal to the origin of the extensor muscles of the
forearm at the lateral epicondyle.
• A 50-year-old woman reports morning joint stiffness that lasts less
than 1 hour and resumes after activity. During physical examination, the
NP detects crepitus. This symptom indicates:
• rheumatoid arthritis.
O bursitis.
• tendonitis.
• osteoarthritis. . Answer: Osteoarthritis
Crepitus is a palpable or audible grating or crunching sensation
produced by motion. It may or may not be accompanied by discomfort.
Crepitus occurs when roughened articular or extra-articular surfaces are
rubbed together by active motion or by manual compression. Crepitus in
a joint can indicate cartilage wear in the joint space, as in osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis is a progressive destruction of the articular cartilage and
