DALHOUSIE SOSA 1002 ANTHROPOLOGY TERMS
Cross-Cultural Comparison - Answers - Comparison of various psychological,
sociological, or cultural factors in order to assess the similarities or diversities occurring
in two or more different cultures or societies.
Cultural Diversity - Answers - Having a variety of cultures in the same area
Cultural Imperialism - Answers - The deliberate imposition of one's own cultural values
on another culture.
Culture - Answers - "The shared ideals, values, and beliefs that people use to interpret,
experience, and generate behaviour." Fedorak
Ethnocentrism - Answers - The belief that one's own culture and way of life are superior
to all others.
Ethnography - Answers - The scientific description of the customs of individual peoples
and culture.
Holistic Approach - Answers - Examining the culture as a whole, rather than as discrete
parts.
Linguistic Anthropologists - Answers - Study language, communication and the way
languages have changed or disappeared over time.
Participant Observation - Answers - Long-term intimate interaction with relatively small
groups of people, which may allow for delving deeply into the complexities and
subtleties of a community's social life.
Socio-Cultural Anthropology - Answers - The study of human culture, social
organization, and behavior.
Culture Shock - Answers - Personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamiliar way
of life.
Code of Ethics - Answers - Formal statement of ethical principles and rules of conduct.
Ethnographer - Answers - A person who spends some time living with, interviewing, and
observing a group of people to describe their customs.
Fieldwork - Answers - Classic fieldwork involves an anthropologist moving into the study
group and beginning the long process of collecting descriptive data on the group's daily
activities.
, Ethnographic Present - Answers - The ethnographic representation of cultures and
societies at a particular moment in time. Can lead to misleading portrayals of societies
"frozen in time."
Observer Bias - Answers - Frequently correlated with the viewer's assumption, beliefs,
or private inclinations.
Edward Tylor (1871) on Culture - Answers - Accumulated human accomplishment
Objective - Subjective Knowing - Answers - Even the most objective observation is
conditioned by the subjectivity of the observer. Anthropologists aim for a degree of
calibrated uniformity of observations. Participant observation is direct observation
(objectivity) yet prone to the knowledge and perspectives of the researcher
(subjectivity).
Salvage Anthropology - Answers - Anthropology that attempted to save whatever was
studied from extinction or destruction.
Ethnographic Method - Answers - A prolonged and intensive observation of and
participation in the life of a community.
Kula - Answers - A set of trade relations among Trobriand men involving the giving
away of shell artifacts with the objective of displaying prestige and reinforcing alliances.
Magic - Answers - practices designed to gain control over the supernatural
Modernization - Answers - the process by which cultures are forced to accept traits from
outside
emic - Answers - from the point of view of a "native" of the culture
etic - Answers - from the point of view of an outside observer
Peter Just - Answers - studied the Dou Donggo, Sumbawa, Indonesia
John Monaghan - Answers - studied the Mixteca, Southern Mexico
Whorf Hypothesis - Answers - the structure of a language determines or greatly
influences the modes of thought and behavior characteristic of the culture in which it is
spoken
Historical Particularism - Answers - The perspective that every culture is unique and
must be studied in terms of its own uniqueness
Franz Boas (1930) on Culture - Answers - "Culture embraces all the manifestations of
social behaviour of a community, the reactions of the individual as affected by the habits
Cross-Cultural Comparison - Answers - Comparison of various psychological,
sociological, or cultural factors in order to assess the similarities or diversities occurring
in two or more different cultures or societies.
Cultural Diversity - Answers - Having a variety of cultures in the same area
Cultural Imperialism - Answers - The deliberate imposition of one's own cultural values
on another culture.
Culture - Answers - "The shared ideals, values, and beliefs that people use to interpret,
experience, and generate behaviour." Fedorak
Ethnocentrism - Answers - The belief that one's own culture and way of life are superior
to all others.
Ethnography - Answers - The scientific description of the customs of individual peoples
and culture.
Holistic Approach - Answers - Examining the culture as a whole, rather than as discrete
parts.
Linguistic Anthropologists - Answers - Study language, communication and the way
languages have changed or disappeared over time.
Participant Observation - Answers - Long-term intimate interaction with relatively small
groups of people, which may allow for delving deeply into the complexities and
subtleties of a community's social life.
Socio-Cultural Anthropology - Answers - The study of human culture, social
organization, and behavior.
Culture Shock - Answers - Personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamiliar way
of life.
Code of Ethics - Answers - Formal statement of ethical principles and rules of conduct.
Ethnographer - Answers - A person who spends some time living with, interviewing, and
observing a group of people to describe their customs.
Fieldwork - Answers - Classic fieldwork involves an anthropologist moving into the study
group and beginning the long process of collecting descriptive data on the group's daily
activities.
, Ethnographic Present - Answers - The ethnographic representation of cultures and
societies at a particular moment in time. Can lead to misleading portrayals of societies
"frozen in time."
Observer Bias - Answers - Frequently correlated with the viewer's assumption, beliefs,
or private inclinations.
Edward Tylor (1871) on Culture - Answers - Accumulated human accomplishment
Objective - Subjective Knowing - Answers - Even the most objective observation is
conditioned by the subjectivity of the observer. Anthropologists aim for a degree of
calibrated uniformity of observations. Participant observation is direct observation
(objectivity) yet prone to the knowledge and perspectives of the researcher
(subjectivity).
Salvage Anthropology - Answers - Anthropology that attempted to save whatever was
studied from extinction or destruction.
Ethnographic Method - Answers - A prolonged and intensive observation of and
participation in the life of a community.
Kula - Answers - A set of trade relations among Trobriand men involving the giving
away of shell artifacts with the objective of displaying prestige and reinforcing alliances.
Magic - Answers - practices designed to gain control over the supernatural
Modernization - Answers - the process by which cultures are forced to accept traits from
outside
emic - Answers - from the point of view of a "native" of the culture
etic - Answers - from the point of view of an outside observer
Peter Just - Answers - studied the Dou Donggo, Sumbawa, Indonesia
John Monaghan - Answers - studied the Mixteca, Southern Mexico
Whorf Hypothesis - Answers - the structure of a language determines or greatly
influences the modes of thought and behavior characteristic of the culture in which it is
spoken
Historical Particularism - Answers - The perspective that every culture is unique and
must be studied in terms of its own uniqueness
Franz Boas (1930) on Culture - Answers - "Culture embraces all the manifestations of
social behaviour of a community, the reactions of the individual as affected by the habits
