TEST BANK FOR
Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical
Judgment A Practical Approach
7th Edition by Rosalinda Alfaro-LeFevre
Chapters 1 - 7, Complete Newest Version
, Test Bank For Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment A Practi
22
cal Approach 7th Edition – by Rosalinda Alfaro-LeFevre
22
Paperback ISBN: 9780323581257
eBook ISBN: 9780323594721
Paperback ISBN: 9780323676922
Table of Contents
1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment?
2. Becoming a Critical Thinker
3. Critical Thinking and Learning Cultures: Teaching, Learning, and Taking Tests
4. Interprofessional Clinical Reasoning, Decision Making, and Judgment
5. Ethical Reasoning, Professionalism, Evidence-Based Practice, and Quality Improvement
6. Practicing Clinical Reasoning, Clinical Judgment, and Decision-making Skills
7. Interprofessional Practice Skills: Communication, Teamwork, and Self-
Management NEWinterprofessional collaboration focus!
, Critical Thinking Clinical Reasoning and Clinical Judgment 7th Edition A Practic
al Approach Test Bank
22
Chapter 1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgmen t?Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which of the following characteristics do the various definitions of critical thinking ha vein common?
Critical thinking
1)
Requires reasoned though t2)
Asks the questions why? or how
?3)
Is a hierarchical proces s 4)
22
Demands specialized thinking skill s ANSWER: 1
22 22
The definitions listed in the text as well as definitions in Box 2-
1 state that critical thinking requires reasoning or reasoned thinking. Critical thinking is neithe r linear nor
hierarchical. That means that the steps involved in critical thinking are not necess arily sequential, where mastery
ofone step is necessary to proceed to the next. Critical thinkin g is a purposeful, dynamic, analytic process that
contributes to reasoned decisions and sound contextual judgments.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Analysis
2. A few nurses on a unit have proposed to the nurse manager that the process for docu menting care on
the unit be changed. They have described a completely new system. Why is it important for the nurse manager
22 2
to have a critical attitude? It will help the manager to
1)
Consider all the possible advantages and disadvantage
The; public; accounting; firm; serves; many; clients; and; the; revenue; obtained; from; any; on;e
; client; is; only; a; small; part of the; revenue; of; the; firm.
Internal; auditors,; on; the;other; hand,; are; employees
of; one; company,and; are; subject; to; the; restraints
inherent; in; the; employer-
employee; relationship. Internal; auditors can; achieve; a great deal; of
independence; by;reporting; to; the; audit committee; of
the; board; of; directors, ;but; they; cannot
achieve;the; same; degree; of; independence; as is
possessed; by; the; external; public; accounting;firm.
1-1 The; internal; auditors; are; employees; of; Spacecraft,; Inc.,; and; may; be; influenced; by; corporate; m;anageme
nt.
The; public; accounting; firm; is; ; independent; ; of; the; company; and; is; ; in; a; better; positio;n
; to; take; positions; opposed; to; those; of; ; company; management.; ; The; work; of; ; the; int;ernal
; audit; ; staff; ; emphasizes; measurementof; the; efficiency; and; effectiveness; ; of; various
, operating; units of; the; company; and; compliance; with; all; types
of; controls,; whereas;the; public; accounting; firm; is; primarily; concerned;
with; determining; the; fairnessof; Space; craft's; financial; statements.
1-2 The; Government Accountability; Office; (GAO); is a; staff; of; professional; auditors
which;reports; to; Congress.
Its; function; is; to; determine; that; programs carried; out; by; federa
l; agencies; conform; to; the; financial; authorization; of; the; Congress. It
is; also; concerned;wit
h; the; cost-
effectiveness; of; government; programs. The; audit activities
include; investigation; of; the;costs
and; performance; of; corporations; holdinggovernment; contracts.
1-3 Among; the; many; important; contributions; to; auditing; literature; by; the; AICPA; are; the; serie;s
; of; Statements; on; Auditing; Standards; (SASs),; Statements; on; Standards; for; Attestation; En;gag
ements; (SSAEs),; Industry; Audit; and; Accounting; Guides,; Audit; Guides,; Audit; Risk; Alert;s,; St
atements; on; Standards; for; Accounting; and; Review; Services
(SSARSs),; ,; and; the; Co;de; of; Professional; Conduct
(only; two; required).
1-4 A; peer review; is a critical; review; of a public; accounting; firm's practices
by; an;other public; accounting; firm; (or; other; CPAs functioning; as
a; peer; review; team).
The; purpose; of; ; a; ; peer; ; review; is; to; encourage;adherence; to; quality; control; standards;esta
blished; by; the; accounting; firm; and; the; profession.
1-5 The; Securities; and; Exchange; Commission; (SEC); is; ; an; agency; of; the; federal; government;and
; is; responsible; for; administering; a; number; of; acts,; including; the; Securities; Act; ; of; 1933; ; a
nd; the; Securities; Exchange; Act; of; 1934.; In; meeting; this; responsibility,; the; SE
C; reviews; financial statements
of; companies; offering; securities; for; sale; to; the; public.; I;t; is; particularly; concerned; wit
h; requiring; full; disclosure; of ;financial information and; w;ith
;preventing; misrepresentation. Through; the; Public; Company; Accounting; Oversight
Boa;rd, the; SEC now; oversees public; accounting; firms that
audit; public; companies.Include;d; in; this; oversight; process; includes; development; of; auditin
g,; independence,and quality;control standards; inspection; of; performance;
and; enforcement of; the; standards.
The; AICPA; is; the; national; organization; of; certified; public; accountants.; It; has;lon
g; been; a; leaderin; accounting; and; auditing; research,; in; publication; of; authoritative;accounting; a
nd; auditing; pronouncements; ; and; studies,; and; in; promoting; high;profession;al; standards;
of; practice.
1-6 Services offered; by; public; accounting; firms in; addition; to; auditing; include; other
forms;of
attestation,; taxwork,; consulting; services,; litigation; support; services,; fraud; investigation;servi
ces,; personal; financial; planning; and; accounting; services. This last
category; includ; es; preparation; of11financial; statements for; smaller; companies
that; have; limited; accounting
personnel; and; various; types of11write-
up; work.; Public; accounting; firms; ; also; perform; a; variety; of; other; services.
Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical
Judgment A Practical Approach
7th Edition by Rosalinda Alfaro-LeFevre
Chapters 1 - 7, Complete Newest Version
, Test Bank For Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment A Practi
22
cal Approach 7th Edition – by Rosalinda Alfaro-LeFevre
22
Paperback ISBN: 9780323581257
eBook ISBN: 9780323594721
Paperback ISBN: 9780323676922
Table of Contents
1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment?
2. Becoming a Critical Thinker
3. Critical Thinking and Learning Cultures: Teaching, Learning, and Taking Tests
4. Interprofessional Clinical Reasoning, Decision Making, and Judgment
5. Ethical Reasoning, Professionalism, Evidence-Based Practice, and Quality Improvement
6. Practicing Clinical Reasoning, Clinical Judgment, and Decision-making Skills
7. Interprofessional Practice Skills: Communication, Teamwork, and Self-
Management NEWinterprofessional collaboration focus!
, Critical Thinking Clinical Reasoning and Clinical Judgment 7th Edition A Practic
al Approach Test Bank
22
Chapter 1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgmen t?Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which of the following characteristics do the various definitions of critical thinking ha vein common?
Critical thinking
1)
Requires reasoned though t2)
Asks the questions why? or how
?3)
Is a hierarchical proces s 4)
22
Demands specialized thinking skill s ANSWER: 1
22 22
The definitions listed in the text as well as definitions in Box 2-
1 state that critical thinking requires reasoning or reasoned thinking. Critical thinking is neithe r linear nor
hierarchical. That means that the steps involved in critical thinking are not necess arily sequential, where mastery
ofone step is necessary to proceed to the next. Critical thinkin g is a purposeful, dynamic, analytic process that
contributes to reasoned decisions and sound contextual judgments.
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Analysis
2. A few nurses on a unit have proposed to the nurse manager that the process for docu menting care on
the unit be changed. They have described a completely new system. Why is it important for the nurse manager
22 2
to have a critical attitude? It will help the manager to
1)
Consider all the possible advantages and disadvantage
The; public; accounting; firm; serves; many; clients; and; the; revenue; obtained; from; any; on;e
; client; is; only; a; small; part of the; revenue; of; the; firm.
Internal; auditors,; on; the;other; hand,; are; employees
of; one; company,and; are; subject; to; the; restraints
inherent; in; the; employer-
employee; relationship. Internal; auditors can; achieve; a great deal; of
independence; by;reporting; to; the; audit committee; of
the; board; of; directors, ;but; they; cannot
achieve;the; same; degree; of; independence; as is
possessed; by; the; external; public; accounting;firm.
1-1 The; internal; auditors; are; employees; of; Spacecraft,; Inc.,; and; may; be; influenced; by; corporate; m;anageme
nt.
The; public; accounting; firm; is; ; independent; ; of; the; company; and; is; ; in; a; better; positio;n
; to; take; positions; opposed; to; those; of; ; company; management.; ; The; work; of; ; the; int;ernal
; audit; ; staff; ; emphasizes; measurementof; the; efficiency; and; effectiveness; ; of; various
, operating; units of; the; company; and; compliance; with; all; types
of; controls,; whereas;the; public; accounting; firm; is; primarily; concerned;
with; determining; the; fairnessof; Space; craft's; financial; statements.
1-2 The; Government Accountability; Office; (GAO); is a; staff; of; professional; auditors
which;reports; to; Congress.
Its; function; is; to; determine; that; programs carried; out; by; federa
l; agencies; conform; to; the; financial; authorization; of; the; Congress. It
is; also; concerned;wit
h; the; cost-
effectiveness; of; government; programs. The; audit activities
include; investigation; of; the;costs
and; performance; of; corporations; holdinggovernment; contracts.
1-3 Among; the; many; important; contributions; to; auditing; literature; by; the; AICPA; are; the; serie;s
; of; Statements; on; Auditing; Standards; (SASs),; Statements; on; Standards; for; Attestation; En;gag
ements; (SSAEs),; Industry; Audit; and; Accounting; Guides,; Audit; Guides,; Audit; Risk; Alert;s,; St
atements; on; Standards; for; Accounting; and; Review; Services
(SSARSs),; ,; and; the; Co;de; of; Professional; Conduct
(only; two; required).
1-4 A; peer review; is a critical; review; of a public; accounting; firm's practices
by; an;other public; accounting; firm; (or; other; CPAs functioning; as
a; peer; review; team).
The; purpose; of; ; a; ; peer; ; review; is; to; encourage;adherence; to; quality; control; standards;esta
blished; by; the; accounting; firm; and; the; profession.
1-5 The; Securities; and; Exchange; Commission; (SEC); is; ; an; agency; of; the; federal; government;and
; is; responsible; for; administering; a; number; of; acts,; including; the; Securities; Act; ; of; 1933; ; a
nd; the; Securities; Exchange; Act; of; 1934.; In; meeting; this; responsibility,; the; SE
C; reviews; financial statements
of; companies; offering; securities; for; sale; to; the; public.; I;t; is; particularly; concerned; wit
h; requiring; full; disclosure; of ;financial information and; w;ith
;preventing; misrepresentation. Through; the; Public; Company; Accounting; Oversight
Boa;rd, the; SEC now; oversees public; accounting; firms that
audit; public; companies.Include;d; in; this; oversight; process; includes; development; of; auditin
g,; independence,and quality;control standards; inspection; of; performance;
and; enforcement of; the; standards.
The; AICPA; is; the; national; organization; of; certified; public; accountants.; It; has;lon
g; been; a; leaderin; accounting; and; auditing; research,; in; publication; of; authoritative;accounting; a
nd; auditing; pronouncements; ; and; studies,; and; in; promoting; high;profession;al; standards;
of; practice.
1-6 Services offered; by; public; accounting; firms in; addition; to; auditing; include; other
forms;of
attestation,; taxwork,; consulting; services,; litigation; support; services,; fraud; investigation;servi
ces,; personal; financial; planning; and; accounting; services. This last
category; includ; es; preparation; of11financial; statements for; smaller; companies
that; have; limited; accounting
personnel; and; various; types of11write-
up; work.; Public; accounting; firms; ; also; perform; a; variety; of; other; services.
