Portage BIOD 121 Essentials in Nutrition
ACTUAL EXAM 2026/2027 Exams 1-6 |
Essentials in Nutrition | Verified Q&A |
Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
Section 1: Nutrition Fundamentals & Key Concepts
Q1: Which of the following best defines the term "nutrition"?
A. The study of organic compounds in food
B. The science of how living organisms obtain and use food for growth and maintenance
C. The process of digesting food to release energy
D. The study of metabolic pathways in the liver
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nutrition is the scientific study of how nutrients and food components influence body
functions, health, and disease. It encompasses ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, metabolism,
and excretion.
Q2: A food item contains 10 grams of carbohydrates, 5 grams of protein, and 5 grams of fat. How many
total kilocalories does this food item provide?
A. 85 kcal
B. 95 kcal
C. 105 kcal
D. 125 kcal
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: Kilocalories are calculated by multiplying the grams of each macronutrient by their respective
energy values: Carbohydrates (10g x 4 kcal/g = 40), Protein (5g x 4 kcal/g = 20), Fat (5g x 9 kcal/g = 45).
The sum is 40 + 20 + 45 = 105 kcal. [CORRECT]
Q3: Which of the following nutrients is classified as a macronutrient?
A. Vitamin A
B. Iron
C. Lipids
D. Water
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Macronutrients are nutrients required by the body in large amounts and provide energy; they
include carbohydrates, lipids (fats), and proteins. Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients.
Q4: An essential nutrient is defined as a nutrient that:
A. Is found only in animal products
B. Cannot be synthesized by the body in sufficient quantities and must be obtained from the diet
C. Provides the most energy per gram
D. Is stored in the body for long periods
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Essential nutrients must be consumed through food because the body either cannot make
them at all or cannot make them in adequate amounts to meet physiological needs.
Q5: A nutritionist is analyzing the nutrient density of two breakfast cereals. Cereal A has 200 kcal and 5g
of fiber per serving. Cereal B has 200 kcal and 1g of fiber per serving. Which statement is accurate?
A. Cereal A has higher nutrient density regarding fiber
B. Cereal B has higher nutrient density regarding fiber
C. Both cereals have equal nutrient density because they have the same calorie count
, D. Nutrient density cannot be determined without knowing the vitamin content
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nutrient density compares the nutrient content of a food to its calorie content. Since Cereal A
provides more fiber for the same number of calories, it is more nutrient-dense regarding fiber.
[CORRECT]
Q6: Which of the following is the primary source of energy for the human body?
A. Vitamins
B. Minerals
C. Carbohydrates
D. Water
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's preferred source of energy, particularly for the brain and
muscles during high-intensity exercise, because they break down efficiently into glucose.
Q7: The term "phytochemical" refers to:
A. Chemical compounds synthesized in a lab to preserve food
B. Naturally occurring compounds found in plants that may have health benefits
C. The chemical bonds formed during protein synthesis
D. Toxic substances found in soil
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phytochemicals are non-nutrient bioactive compounds found in plants (e.g., lycopene,
flavonoids) that have been linked to reduced risks of chronic diseases like cancer and heart disease.
Q8: A patient consumes a diet consisting primarily of "empty calorie" foods. What is the primary
nutritional concern associated with this diet?
A. Excessive water intake
ACTUAL EXAM 2026/2027 Exams 1-6 |
Essentials in Nutrition | Verified Q&A |
Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
Section 1: Nutrition Fundamentals & Key Concepts
Q1: Which of the following best defines the term "nutrition"?
A. The study of organic compounds in food
B. The science of how living organisms obtain and use food for growth and maintenance
C. The process of digesting food to release energy
D. The study of metabolic pathways in the liver
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nutrition is the scientific study of how nutrients and food components influence body
functions, health, and disease. It encompasses ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, metabolism,
and excretion.
Q2: A food item contains 10 grams of carbohydrates, 5 grams of protein, and 5 grams of fat. How many
total kilocalories does this food item provide?
A. 85 kcal
B. 95 kcal
C. 105 kcal
D. 125 kcal
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: Kilocalories are calculated by multiplying the grams of each macronutrient by their respective
energy values: Carbohydrates (10g x 4 kcal/g = 40), Protein (5g x 4 kcal/g = 20), Fat (5g x 9 kcal/g = 45).
The sum is 40 + 20 + 45 = 105 kcal. [CORRECT]
Q3: Which of the following nutrients is classified as a macronutrient?
A. Vitamin A
B. Iron
C. Lipids
D. Water
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Macronutrients are nutrients required by the body in large amounts and provide energy; they
include carbohydrates, lipids (fats), and proteins. Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients.
Q4: An essential nutrient is defined as a nutrient that:
A. Is found only in animal products
B. Cannot be synthesized by the body in sufficient quantities and must be obtained from the diet
C. Provides the most energy per gram
D. Is stored in the body for long periods
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Essential nutrients must be consumed through food because the body either cannot make
them at all or cannot make them in adequate amounts to meet physiological needs.
Q5: A nutritionist is analyzing the nutrient density of two breakfast cereals. Cereal A has 200 kcal and 5g
of fiber per serving. Cereal B has 200 kcal and 1g of fiber per serving. Which statement is accurate?
A. Cereal A has higher nutrient density regarding fiber
B. Cereal B has higher nutrient density regarding fiber
C. Both cereals have equal nutrient density because they have the same calorie count
, D. Nutrient density cannot be determined without knowing the vitamin content
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nutrient density compares the nutrient content of a food to its calorie content. Since Cereal A
provides more fiber for the same number of calories, it is more nutrient-dense regarding fiber.
[CORRECT]
Q6: Which of the following is the primary source of energy for the human body?
A. Vitamins
B. Minerals
C. Carbohydrates
D. Water
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's preferred source of energy, particularly for the brain and
muscles during high-intensity exercise, because they break down efficiently into glucose.
Q7: The term "phytochemical" refers to:
A. Chemical compounds synthesized in a lab to preserve food
B. Naturally occurring compounds found in plants that may have health benefits
C. The chemical bonds formed during protein synthesis
D. Toxic substances found in soil
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phytochemicals are non-nutrient bioactive compounds found in plants (e.g., lycopene,
flavonoids) that have been linked to reduced risks of chronic diseases like cancer and heart disease.
Q8: A patient consumes a diet consisting primarily of "empty calorie" foods. What is the primary
nutritional concern associated with this diet?
A. Excessive water intake
