LEADERSHIP ROLES AND
MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN
NURSING. EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026/2027
Decision making - ANS A complex, cognitive process of choosing a particular course of action;
the thought process of selecting a logical choice from available options
Problem Solving - ANS Part of decision making; a systematic process focusing on analyzing a
difficult situation involving higher order reasoning and evaluation
Critical Thinking - ANS The mental process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying,
analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion
Experiential Learning - ANS Provides mock life experiences to learn from
Allows learners to apply leadership and management theory
Promotes whole brain thinking and improved problem- solving skills
Economic man - ANS -Makes decisions in rational manner
-Has complete knowledge of problem or situation
-Considers all alternatives
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,-Has systematic ordering of alternatives
-Selects maximizing choice
Administrative man - ANS -Knowledge is fragmented
-Is impossible to accurately predict future consequences
-Considers multiple alternatives but not all
-Makes decisions that are good enough
-Final choice is satisficing
Leaders - ANS Empower others; maximize workforce effectiveness
Needed to implement the planned change that is part of system improvement
Managers - ANS Guide, direct, and motivate others
Intervene when goals are threatened
Emphasize control
The management process - ANS planning-> organizing-> leading-> controlling
Planning - ANS Encompasses determining philosophy, goals, objectives, policies, procedures,
and rules; carrying out long- and short-range projections; determining a fiscal course of action;
and managing planned change
Organizing - ANS Includes establishing the structure to carry out plans, determining the most
appropriate type of patient care delivery, and grouping activities to meet unit goals
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, Other functions involve working within the structure of the organization and understanding and
using power and authority appropriately.
Staffing - ANS Consists of recruiting, interviewing, hiring, and orienting staff. Scheduling, staff
development, employee socialization, and team building are also often included as staffing
functions.
Directing - ANS Usually entails human resource management responsibilities, such as
motivating, managing conflict, delegating, communicating, and facilitating collaboration
Controlling - ANS Includes performance appraisals, fiscal accountability, quality control, legal
and ethical control, and professional and collegial control
Contingency Leadership Styles #1 - ANS Autocratic or authoritarian(relating to a ruler who
has absolute power)
Democratic or participative (members of the group take a more participative role in the
decision-making process)
Laissez-faire, permissive, or free rein ( an attitude of trust and reliance on their employees. They
don't micromanage or get too involved, they don't give too much instruction or guidance)
Contingency Leadership Styles #2 - ANS Contingency leadership suggests that no one
leadership style is ideal for every situation.
Transactional Leader - ANS -Focuses on management tasks
-Is directive and results oriented
-Uses trade-offs to meet goals
-Does not identify shared values
-Examines causes
-Uses contingency reward
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN
NURSING. EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026/2027
Decision making - ANS A complex, cognitive process of choosing a particular course of action;
the thought process of selecting a logical choice from available options
Problem Solving - ANS Part of decision making; a systematic process focusing on analyzing a
difficult situation involving higher order reasoning and evaluation
Critical Thinking - ANS The mental process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying,
analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion
Experiential Learning - ANS Provides mock life experiences to learn from
Allows learners to apply leadership and management theory
Promotes whole brain thinking and improved problem- solving skills
Economic man - ANS -Makes decisions in rational manner
-Has complete knowledge of problem or situation
-Considers all alternatives
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,-Has systematic ordering of alternatives
-Selects maximizing choice
Administrative man - ANS -Knowledge is fragmented
-Is impossible to accurately predict future consequences
-Considers multiple alternatives but not all
-Makes decisions that are good enough
-Final choice is satisficing
Leaders - ANS Empower others; maximize workforce effectiveness
Needed to implement the planned change that is part of system improvement
Managers - ANS Guide, direct, and motivate others
Intervene when goals are threatened
Emphasize control
The management process - ANS planning-> organizing-> leading-> controlling
Planning - ANS Encompasses determining philosophy, goals, objectives, policies, procedures,
and rules; carrying out long- and short-range projections; determining a fiscal course of action;
and managing planned change
Organizing - ANS Includes establishing the structure to carry out plans, determining the most
appropriate type of patient care delivery, and grouping activities to meet unit goals
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Other functions involve working within the structure of the organization and understanding and
using power and authority appropriately.
Staffing - ANS Consists of recruiting, interviewing, hiring, and orienting staff. Scheduling, staff
development, employee socialization, and team building are also often included as staffing
functions.
Directing - ANS Usually entails human resource management responsibilities, such as
motivating, managing conflict, delegating, communicating, and facilitating collaboration
Controlling - ANS Includes performance appraisals, fiscal accountability, quality control, legal
and ethical control, and professional and collegial control
Contingency Leadership Styles #1 - ANS Autocratic or authoritarian(relating to a ruler who
has absolute power)
Democratic or participative (members of the group take a more participative role in the
decision-making process)
Laissez-faire, permissive, or free rein ( an attitude of trust and reliance on their employees. They
don't micromanage or get too involved, they don't give too much instruction or guidance)
Contingency Leadership Styles #2 - ANS Contingency leadership suggests that no one
leadership style is ideal for every situation.
Transactional Leader - ANS -Focuses on management tasks
-Is directive and results oriented
-Uses trade-offs to meet goals
-Does not identify shared values
-Examines causes
-Uses contingency reward
@2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
