WGU D577 TASK 1 AND 2 BUNDLE
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Apportion top-down method.
Answer: In addition to Ratio, takes into consideration specific functionality
or types of work that will be required. Overall project cost must be provided
based on the customer's budget or similar projects. The overall budget is
then allocated to the major work areas required in the project (design,
programming, testing, documentation, user training).
◍ Advantages of Functional (Departmentalized).
Answer: Lines of authority are clear. Departmental work is easily prioritized
by identified departmental authority. There is flexibility in the use of staff.
Subject matter experts (SME) available to work on multiple
projects.Knowledge and experience readily shared between functional
specialists. Technical continuity exists within the organization. Professional
growth and career paths for the staff are clearly defined
◍ Closing (Process #5).
Answer: Specific actions which need to occur in order to ensure that all
project activities are completed
◍ Bottom-up estimation method.
Answer: Estimates made at the detailed work activity level of the WBS.
These estimates are generated by functional experts with knowledge of the
resources required and available to complete the activity
◍ Executing Activities (Process #3 - Iterative).
Answer: Acquire resources, train/coach resources, communicate / manage
with stakeholders, implement plan, document change requests, assess
, resource performance, and recognize / reward performance
◍ Progress monitoring is designed to:.
Answer: Estimate rates of improvement for each student. Identify students
who are not making adequate progress and who need additional or
alternative instruction. Evaluate the effectiveness of instruction so that
teachers can create better instructional programs
◍ Relative Grading.
Answer: the students are typically ranked in order of performance (based on
a set of test scores or combined assessment results), and the students ranking
highest receive a letter grade of A, the next highest receive a B, and so on.
Strengths1. Grades can be easily described and interpreted in terms of rank
in a group.2. Grades distinguish among levels of student performance that
are useful in making prediction and selection decisionsLimitations1. The
percent of students receiving each grade is arbitrarily set.2. The meaning of
a grade varies with the ability of the student group.3. Grades can be assigned
without clear reference to what has been achieved (but, of course, they
should not be).
◍ Cost variance (CV).
Answer: Determines if a project is meeting budget expectations
◍ Guidelines for Effective Student Assessment.
Answer: 1. Effective assessment requires a clear conception of all intended
learning outcomes. 2. Effective assessment requires that a variety of
assessment procedures be used. 3. Effective assessment requires that the
instructional relevance of the procedures be considered. 4. Effective
assessment requires an adequate sample of student performance.5. Effective
assessment requires that the procedures be fair to everyone6. Effective
assessment requires the specifications of criteria for judging successful
performance.7. Effective assessment requires feedback to students that
emphasizes strengths of performance and weaknesses to be corrected.8.
Effective assessment must be supported by a comprehensive grading and
reporting system
,◍ Stating Instructional Objectives.
Answer: We are simply describing the student performance to be
demonstrated at the end of the learning experience as evidence of learning.
◍ Disadvantages of Projectized.
Answer: PM must have enough work to keep SMEs busy full-time or risk
loss to another project or functional area. SME assigned may not have the
most appropriate knowledge or expertise for the project. Approach is
expensive because of the duplication of personnel. Equipment and personnel
may be hoarded to ensure access to those resources.Team members lose
access to a repository of functional or technical expertise. Policies and
procedures may be applied inconsistently.Team members may be anxious
about post-project work
◍ Crash.
Answer: Obtain the greatest amount of compression of the schedule/critical
path for the least incremental cost or time
◍ Selection Item: Multiple Choice.
Answer: the most widely used and highly regarded of the selection-type
items. They can be designed to measure a variety of learning outcomes,
from simple to complex, and can provide the highest quality items. -consists
of a stem, which presents a problem situation The stem may be a question or
an incomplete statement. -several alternatives (options or choices), which
provide possible solutions to the problem. The alternatives include the
correct answer and several plausible wrong answers called distracters.
◍ Net present value (NPV).
Answer: Calculate whether revenue tomorrow is greater than costs today
◍ Mandated Core Components of 'Standards Based Reform'.
Answer: a) content and performance standards set for all students; b)
development of tools to measure the progress of all students toward the
standards; c) accountability systems that require continuous improvement of
student achievement.
, ◍ Executing (Process #3 - Iterative).
Answer: PM cycles members as needed to create the project outcomes
◍ Bias in Tests and Testing.
Answer: refers to construct-irrelevant components that result in
systematically lower or higher scores for identifiable groups of examinees.
the presence of some characteristic of an item and/or test that results in two
individuals of the same ability but from different subgroups performing
differently on the item and/or test. Therefore, it is most important that there
are no ambiguities in the test items (questions and responses), passages,
prompts, stimulus materials, artwork, graphs, charts, and test-related
ancillaries.
◍ Schedule performance index (SPI).
Answer: Measures project time / schedule efficiency= Earned Value (EV) /
Planned Value (PV)
◍ Assessment is most effective when.
Answer: 1. Designed to assess a clearly defined set of intended learning
outcomes.2. The nature and function of the assessments are congruent with
the outcomes to be assessed.3. The assessments are designed to fit the
relevant student characteristics and are fair to everyone.4. Assessments
provide information that is meaningful, dependable, and relevant.5.
Provision is made for giving the students early feedback of assessment
results.6. Specific learning weaknesses are revealed by the assessment
results.7. Assessment results provide information useful for evaluating the
appropriateness of the objectives, the methods, and the materials of
instruction.
◍ Grade Equivalents.
Answer: indicates relative test performance in terms of the grade level at
which the student's raw score matches the average score earned by the norm
group.
◍ Authentic Assessments.
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Apportion top-down method.
Answer: In addition to Ratio, takes into consideration specific functionality
or types of work that will be required. Overall project cost must be provided
based on the customer's budget or similar projects. The overall budget is
then allocated to the major work areas required in the project (design,
programming, testing, documentation, user training).
◍ Advantages of Functional (Departmentalized).
Answer: Lines of authority are clear. Departmental work is easily prioritized
by identified departmental authority. There is flexibility in the use of staff.
Subject matter experts (SME) available to work on multiple
projects.Knowledge and experience readily shared between functional
specialists. Technical continuity exists within the organization. Professional
growth and career paths for the staff are clearly defined
◍ Closing (Process #5).
Answer: Specific actions which need to occur in order to ensure that all
project activities are completed
◍ Bottom-up estimation method.
Answer: Estimates made at the detailed work activity level of the WBS.
These estimates are generated by functional experts with knowledge of the
resources required and available to complete the activity
◍ Executing Activities (Process #3 - Iterative).
Answer: Acquire resources, train/coach resources, communicate / manage
with stakeholders, implement plan, document change requests, assess
, resource performance, and recognize / reward performance
◍ Progress monitoring is designed to:.
Answer: Estimate rates of improvement for each student. Identify students
who are not making adequate progress and who need additional or
alternative instruction. Evaluate the effectiveness of instruction so that
teachers can create better instructional programs
◍ Relative Grading.
Answer: the students are typically ranked in order of performance (based on
a set of test scores or combined assessment results), and the students ranking
highest receive a letter grade of A, the next highest receive a B, and so on.
Strengths1. Grades can be easily described and interpreted in terms of rank
in a group.2. Grades distinguish among levels of student performance that
are useful in making prediction and selection decisionsLimitations1. The
percent of students receiving each grade is arbitrarily set.2. The meaning of
a grade varies with the ability of the student group.3. Grades can be assigned
without clear reference to what has been achieved (but, of course, they
should not be).
◍ Cost variance (CV).
Answer: Determines if a project is meeting budget expectations
◍ Guidelines for Effective Student Assessment.
Answer: 1. Effective assessment requires a clear conception of all intended
learning outcomes. 2. Effective assessment requires that a variety of
assessment procedures be used. 3. Effective assessment requires that the
instructional relevance of the procedures be considered. 4. Effective
assessment requires an adequate sample of student performance.5. Effective
assessment requires that the procedures be fair to everyone6. Effective
assessment requires the specifications of criteria for judging successful
performance.7. Effective assessment requires feedback to students that
emphasizes strengths of performance and weaknesses to be corrected.8.
Effective assessment must be supported by a comprehensive grading and
reporting system
,◍ Stating Instructional Objectives.
Answer: We are simply describing the student performance to be
demonstrated at the end of the learning experience as evidence of learning.
◍ Disadvantages of Projectized.
Answer: PM must have enough work to keep SMEs busy full-time or risk
loss to another project or functional area. SME assigned may not have the
most appropriate knowledge or expertise for the project. Approach is
expensive because of the duplication of personnel. Equipment and personnel
may be hoarded to ensure access to those resources.Team members lose
access to a repository of functional or technical expertise. Policies and
procedures may be applied inconsistently.Team members may be anxious
about post-project work
◍ Crash.
Answer: Obtain the greatest amount of compression of the schedule/critical
path for the least incremental cost or time
◍ Selection Item: Multiple Choice.
Answer: the most widely used and highly regarded of the selection-type
items. They can be designed to measure a variety of learning outcomes,
from simple to complex, and can provide the highest quality items. -consists
of a stem, which presents a problem situation The stem may be a question or
an incomplete statement. -several alternatives (options or choices), which
provide possible solutions to the problem. The alternatives include the
correct answer and several plausible wrong answers called distracters.
◍ Net present value (NPV).
Answer: Calculate whether revenue tomorrow is greater than costs today
◍ Mandated Core Components of 'Standards Based Reform'.
Answer: a) content and performance standards set for all students; b)
development of tools to measure the progress of all students toward the
standards; c) accountability systems that require continuous improvement of
student achievement.
, ◍ Executing (Process #3 - Iterative).
Answer: PM cycles members as needed to create the project outcomes
◍ Bias in Tests and Testing.
Answer: refers to construct-irrelevant components that result in
systematically lower or higher scores for identifiable groups of examinees.
the presence of some characteristic of an item and/or test that results in two
individuals of the same ability but from different subgroups performing
differently on the item and/or test. Therefore, it is most important that there
are no ambiguities in the test items (questions and responses), passages,
prompts, stimulus materials, artwork, graphs, charts, and test-related
ancillaries.
◍ Schedule performance index (SPI).
Answer: Measures project time / schedule efficiency= Earned Value (EV) /
Planned Value (PV)
◍ Assessment is most effective when.
Answer: 1. Designed to assess a clearly defined set of intended learning
outcomes.2. The nature and function of the assessments are congruent with
the outcomes to be assessed.3. The assessments are designed to fit the
relevant student characteristics and are fair to everyone.4. Assessments
provide information that is meaningful, dependable, and relevant.5.
Provision is made for giving the students early feedback of assessment
results.6. Specific learning weaknesses are revealed by the assessment
results.7. Assessment results provide information useful for evaluating the
appropriateness of the objectives, the methods, and the materials of
instruction.
◍ Grade Equivalents.
Answer: indicates relative test performance in terms of the grade level at
which the student's raw score matches the average score earned by the norm
group.
◍ Authentic Assessments.
