ONCC Practice Tests (OCN – Oncology
Nursing Practice) – ONCC – 2025/2026
Practice Exam Questions with Verified
Answers
1. A client with cancer is considering entering a clinical trial that analyzes the genetic
characteristics of a tumor and how it responds to various chemotherapeutic agents. This is an
example of what type of clinical trial?
A. Phase I
B. Phase II
C. Phase III
D. Phase IV
E. Translational Research
(Correct Answer: E)
2. A patient receiving a vesicant chemotherapeutic agent intravenously complains of burning and
pain at the infusion site. The nurse's first action should be to:
A. Slow the infusion rate.
B. Apply a warm compress to the site.
C. Administer an antidote directly into the site.
D. Stop the infusion immediately.
(Correct Answer: D)
3. Which of the following chemotherapy agents is known for its high risk of hemorrhagic cystitis?
A. Cisplatin
B. Doxorubicin
C. Cyclophosphamide
D. Vincristine
(Correct Answer: C)
,4. Before administering a new cycle of chemotherapy, the nurse notes the patient's absolute
neutrophil count (ANC) is 800/mm³. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
A. Administer chemotherapy as scheduled.
B. Administer prophylactic antibiotics.
C. Hold chemotherapy and notify the physician.
D. Prepare to administer a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) injection.
(Correct Answer: C)
5. A patient is receiving doxorubicin. The nurse should monitor for which significant dose-limiting
toxicity?
A. Peripheral neuropathy
B. Cardiotoxicity
C. Nephrotoxicity
D. Ototoxicity
(Correct Answer: B)
6. Which statement by a patient receiving interferon alpha for melanoma indicates an
understanding of potential side effects?
A. "I should report any numbness or tingling in my fingers."
B. "I know I might experience flu-like symptoms after my treatment."
C. "I need to watch for bleeding gums and easy bruising."
D. "I will call the doctor if I have any swelling in my feet or ankles."
(Correct Answer: B)
7. A patient receiving paclitaxel develops sudden dyspnea, flushing, and hypotension shortly after
the infusion begins. The nurse suspects:
A. Tumor lysis syndrome.
B. Hypersensitivity reaction.
C. Pulmonary embolism.
D. Anaphylactic shock from a co-administered medication.
(Correct Answer: B)
8. Which nursing intervention is crucial for a patient receiving bleomycin to monitor for a
significant toxicity?
, A. Daily weight and strict intake/output.
B. Peripheral neuropathy assessment.
C. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs).
D. Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring.
(Correct Answer: C)
9. A patient is prescribed a targeted therapy that inhibits HER2 protein overexpression. Which
medication is the nurse likely preparing to administer?
A. Bevacizumab
B. Imatinib
C. Trastuzumab
D. Rituximab
(Correct Answer: C)
10. A patient on immunotherapy with a PD-1 inhibitor (e.g., pembrolizumab) reports new onset
diarrhea and abdominal pain. What is the nurse's priority concern?
A. C. difficile infection.
B. Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea.
C. Immune-related colitis.
D. Anxiety-induced bowel changes.
(Correct Answer: C)
11. What is the primary mechanism of action for alkylating agents in chemotherapy?
A. Inhibiting DNA topoisomerase.
B. Cross-linking DNA strands, preventing replication.
C. Disrupting microtubule formation.
D. Antagonizing folic acid metabolism.
(Correct Answer: B)
12. The nurse is preparing to administer methotrexate. What medication is commonly prescribed
concurrently to rescue healthy cells from methotrexate's effects?
A. Leucovorin
B. Mesna
C. Dexrazoxane
, D. Amifostine
(Correct Answer: A)
13. A patient receiving high-dose cisplatin should be closely monitored for which of the following
electrolyte imbalances?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypomagnesemia
D. Hypercalcemia
(Correct Answer: C)
14. When administering oral targeted therapy, what is a key educational point for the nurse to
emphasize to the patient?
A. "You can skip a dose if you experience side effects."
B. "It's important to take this medication exactly as prescribed, even if you feel well."
C. "These medications do not require special handling precautions at home."
D. "You should expect hair loss with this medication."
(Correct Answer: B)
15. Which type of immune cell is primarily responsible for direct lysis of tumor cells without prior
sensitization?
A. B lymphocytes
B. T lymphocytes
C. Natural Killer (NK) cells
D. Macrophages
(Correct Answer: C)
16. A patient is receiving rituximab for lymphoma. The nurse should be aware of the potential for
reactivation of which viral infection?
A. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
B. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
C. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
D. Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
(Correct Answer: C)
Nursing Practice) – ONCC – 2025/2026
Practice Exam Questions with Verified
Answers
1. A client with cancer is considering entering a clinical trial that analyzes the genetic
characteristics of a tumor and how it responds to various chemotherapeutic agents. This is an
example of what type of clinical trial?
A. Phase I
B. Phase II
C. Phase III
D. Phase IV
E. Translational Research
(Correct Answer: E)
2. A patient receiving a vesicant chemotherapeutic agent intravenously complains of burning and
pain at the infusion site. The nurse's first action should be to:
A. Slow the infusion rate.
B. Apply a warm compress to the site.
C. Administer an antidote directly into the site.
D. Stop the infusion immediately.
(Correct Answer: D)
3. Which of the following chemotherapy agents is known for its high risk of hemorrhagic cystitis?
A. Cisplatin
B. Doxorubicin
C. Cyclophosphamide
D. Vincristine
(Correct Answer: C)
,4. Before administering a new cycle of chemotherapy, the nurse notes the patient's absolute
neutrophil count (ANC) is 800/mm³. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
A. Administer chemotherapy as scheduled.
B. Administer prophylactic antibiotics.
C. Hold chemotherapy and notify the physician.
D. Prepare to administer a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) injection.
(Correct Answer: C)
5. A patient is receiving doxorubicin. The nurse should monitor for which significant dose-limiting
toxicity?
A. Peripheral neuropathy
B. Cardiotoxicity
C. Nephrotoxicity
D. Ototoxicity
(Correct Answer: B)
6. Which statement by a patient receiving interferon alpha for melanoma indicates an
understanding of potential side effects?
A. "I should report any numbness or tingling in my fingers."
B. "I know I might experience flu-like symptoms after my treatment."
C. "I need to watch for bleeding gums and easy bruising."
D. "I will call the doctor if I have any swelling in my feet or ankles."
(Correct Answer: B)
7. A patient receiving paclitaxel develops sudden dyspnea, flushing, and hypotension shortly after
the infusion begins. The nurse suspects:
A. Tumor lysis syndrome.
B. Hypersensitivity reaction.
C. Pulmonary embolism.
D. Anaphylactic shock from a co-administered medication.
(Correct Answer: B)
8. Which nursing intervention is crucial for a patient receiving bleomycin to monitor for a
significant toxicity?
, A. Daily weight and strict intake/output.
B. Peripheral neuropathy assessment.
C. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs).
D. Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring.
(Correct Answer: C)
9. A patient is prescribed a targeted therapy that inhibits HER2 protein overexpression. Which
medication is the nurse likely preparing to administer?
A. Bevacizumab
B. Imatinib
C. Trastuzumab
D. Rituximab
(Correct Answer: C)
10. A patient on immunotherapy with a PD-1 inhibitor (e.g., pembrolizumab) reports new onset
diarrhea and abdominal pain. What is the nurse's priority concern?
A. C. difficile infection.
B. Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea.
C. Immune-related colitis.
D. Anxiety-induced bowel changes.
(Correct Answer: C)
11. What is the primary mechanism of action for alkylating agents in chemotherapy?
A. Inhibiting DNA topoisomerase.
B. Cross-linking DNA strands, preventing replication.
C. Disrupting microtubule formation.
D. Antagonizing folic acid metabolism.
(Correct Answer: B)
12. The nurse is preparing to administer methotrexate. What medication is commonly prescribed
concurrently to rescue healthy cells from methotrexate's effects?
A. Leucovorin
B. Mesna
C. Dexrazoxane
, D. Amifostine
(Correct Answer: A)
13. A patient receiving high-dose cisplatin should be closely monitored for which of the following
electrolyte imbalances?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypomagnesemia
D. Hypercalcemia
(Correct Answer: C)
14. When administering oral targeted therapy, what is a key educational point for the nurse to
emphasize to the patient?
A. "You can skip a dose if you experience side effects."
B. "It's important to take this medication exactly as prescribed, even if you feel well."
C. "These medications do not require special handling precautions at home."
D. "You should expect hair loss with this medication."
(Correct Answer: B)
15. Which type of immune cell is primarily responsible for direct lysis of tumor cells without prior
sensitization?
A. B lymphocytes
B. T lymphocytes
C. Natural Killer (NK) cells
D. Macrophages
(Correct Answer: C)
16. A patient is receiving rituximab for lymphoma. The nurse should be aware of the potential for
reactivation of which viral infection?
A. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
B. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
C. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
D. Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
(Correct Answer: C)
