NURS 307 Final Exam – Questions With
Comprehensive Solutions
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Terms in this set (118)
In the 1950s what two medications -Chlorpromazine (Thorazine), relieved many of the
were found to help treat mental health symptoms of psychosis
disorders?
-Iproniazid, (1958) a monoamine-oxidase inhibitor
medication for treating tuberculosis, found to elevate
mood
What was Iproniazid employed as and employed as an antidepressant until it was found to
why it no longer used? cause liver damage (high hepatitis rates)
What is pharmacodynamics? The study of what the drug does to the body
The mechanism of drug actions in living tissues
What is psychopharmacology? Subspecialty of pharmacology that includes
medications affecting the brain and behavior used to
treat mental disorders including:
-Antipsychotics
-Mood stabilizers (Antimania)
-Antidepressants
-Antianxiety medications
-Stimulants (Amphetamines)
-Anti-Seizure/Anticonvulsants Medication
What is pharmacokinetics? the study of what the body does to the drug
,What are the four sites of action –Receptors (how well they bind determines the
where a drug acts? effect)
–Ion channels (drugs can block or open ion
channels)
–Enzymes (catalyze specific biochemical reactions
within cells and are targets for some drugs)
–Carrier proteins (Transport neurotransmitters across
cell membranes)
What is the difference between an –Agonist: same biologic action
agonist vs antagonist receptor? –Antagonist: opposite effect
What are the three main aspects that –Selectivity: specific for a receptor
affect how things interact with a –Affinity: degree of attraction
receptor? –Intrinsic activity: ability to produce a biologic
response once it is attached to receptor
What is monoamine oxidase? An enzyme in the body that breaks down
catecholamines in the body such as epinephrine,
norepinephrine, and dopamine
What is efficacy? the ability of a drug to produce a desired response
What is potency? Dose required to produce the desired biologic
response
What is tolerance? gradual decrease in the effect of a drug at a given
dose
What is bioavailability? Fraction of administered drug that reaches systemic
circulation unchanged.
What is metabolism? Process by which the drug is altered and broken
down into smaller substances (metabolites) that are
usually inactive
What is distribution? how easy it is for a drug to pass out of the systemic
circulation and move into other types of tissues
, What is Cytochrome P-450? large class of enzymes that are involved with drug
metabolism and interactions
-P-450 high affinity for fat-soluble drugs
-Involved in metabolism of most psychiatric
medications
-Example: SSRIs of the subfamily P-4502D6
What is an SSRIs and what are they selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are typically
used for? used as antidepressants for MDD and GAD.
True or False. Individuals of Asian True. They metabolize drugs at a slower rate.
decent require smaller doses of
antipsychotics to have a desired
effect, but they usually have more
severe side effects.
What is the difference between Positive Symptoms
positive and negative psychosis •Excess distortion of normal function
symptoms? –Hallucination (mostly auditory)
–Delusions (disordered thoughts or speech)
–Paranoia
Negative Symptoms
•A decrease or complete loss to emotional respond
to people and events.
–Decrease in speaking (alogia)
–Flat emotional levels
–Inappropriate social responses to normal social
cues
What is acute dystonia? •involuntary muscle contractions. Movements often
repetitive and may include eye spasms or blinking,
twisting head, protruding tongue, extended neck,
etc.
"muscle" 4 hours
What is akathisia? restlessness with inability to sit still
"rustle" 4 days
Comprehensive Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (118)
In the 1950s what two medications -Chlorpromazine (Thorazine), relieved many of the
were found to help treat mental health symptoms of psychosis
disorders?
-Iproniazid, (1958) a monoamine-oxidase inhibitor
medication for treating tuberculosis, found to elevate
mood
What was Iproniazid employed as and employed as an antidepressant until it was found to
why it no longer used? cause liver damage (high hepatitis rates)
What is pharmacodynamics? The study of what the drug does to the body
The mechanism of drug actions in living tissues
What is psychopharmacology? Subspecialty of pharmacology that includes
medications affecting the brain and behavior used to
treat mental disorders including:
-Antipsychotics
-Mood stabilizers (Antimania)
-Antidepressants
-Antianxiety medications
-Stimulants (Amphetamines)
-Anti-Seizure/Anticonvulsants Medication
What is pharmacokinetics? the study of what the body does to the drug
,What are the four sites of action –Receptors (how well they bind determines the
where a drug acts? effect)
–Ion channels (drugs can block or open ion
channels)
–Enzymes (catalyze specific biochemical reactions
within cells and are targets for some drugs)
–Carrier proteins (Transport neurotransmitters across
cell membranes)
What is the difference between an –Agonist: same biologic action
agonist vs antagonist receptor? –Antagonist: opposite effect
What are the three main aspects that –Selectivity: specific for a receptor
affect how things interact with a –Affinity: degree of attraction
receptor? –Intrinsic activity: ability to produce a biologic
response once it is attached to receptor
What is monoamine oxidase? An enzyme in the body that breaks down
catecholamines in the body such as epinephrine,
norepinephrine, and dopamine
What is efficacy? the ability of a drug to produce a desired response
What is potency? Dose required to produce the desired biologic
response
What is tolerance? gradual decrease in the effect of a drug at a given
dose
What is bioavailability? Fraction of administered drug that reaches systemic
circulation unchanged.
What is metabolism? Process by which the drug is altered and broken
down into smaller substances (metabolites) that are
usually inactive
What is distribution? how easy it is for a drug to pass out of the systemic
circulation and move into other types of tissues
, What is Cytochrome P-450? large class of enzymes that are involved with drug
metabolism and interactions
-P-450 high affinity for fat-soluble drugs
-Involved in metabolism of most psychiatric
medications
-Example: SSRIs of the subfamily P-4502D6
What is an SSRIs and what are they selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are typically
used for? used as antidepressants for MDD and GAD.
True or False. Individuals of Asian True. They metabolize drugs at a slower rate.
decent require smaller doses of
antipsychotics to have a desired
effect, but they usually have more
severe side effects.
What is the difference between Positive Symptoms
positive and negative psychosis •Excess distortion of normal function
symptoms? –Hallucination (mostly auditory)
–Delusions (disordered thoughts or speech)
–Paranoia
Negative Symptoms
•A decrease or complete loss to emotional respond
to people and events.
–Decrease in speaking (alogia)
–Flat emotional levels
–Inappropriate social responses to normal social
cues
What is acute dystonia? •involuntary muscle contractions. Movements often
repetitive and may include eye spasms or blinking,
twisting head, protruding tongue, extended neck,
etc.
"muscle" 4 hours
What is akathisia? restlessness with inability to sit still
"rustle" 4 days
