Anatomy & Physiology Exam 1- Last minute revision 100% correct question & answer.

What is the study of anatomy? ️️ The study of the structure and physical organization of the body What is the study of physiology? ️️ The study of how body structures function What is the simplest unit of life? ️️ The cell What is a tissue? ️️ A group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function What are the four primary types of tissues? ️️ Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue What is epithelial tissue responsible for? ️️ Covering, lining, and protecting body surfaces What is the main function of connective tissue? ️️ To support, bind, and protect other tissues and organs What type of tissue is responsible for movement? ️️ Muscle tissue What tissue is responsible for communication in the body? ️️ Nervous tissue What is the main characteristic of epithelial tissue? ️️ It is tightly packed with little to no extracellular matrix What is the function of simple squamous epithelium? ️️ Rapid diffusion and filtration Where is simple squamous epithelium found? ️️ In alveoli of lungs and blood vessels 2 What is simple cuboidal epithelium involved in? ️️ Secretion and absorption Where is simple cuboidal epithelium located? ️️ In glands and kidney tubules What is the function of simple columnar epithelium? ️️ Absorption and secretion of mucus and enzymes Where is simple columnar epithelium found? ️️ In the digestive tract What is stratified epithelium? ️️ Tissue composed of multiple layers for protection What is pseudostratified epithelium? ️️ Appears layered but is actually one layer of cells What is the main function of connective tissue fibers? ️️ Provide strength, support, and flexibility What are the three main fiber types in connective tissue? ️️ Collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers What is collagen? ️️ A strong, fibrous protein that provides tensile strength What is elastic fiber? ️️ A fiber that allows tissues to stretch and recoil What is reticular fiber? ️️ A fine fiber forming supportive networks What is the function of blood as a connective tissue? ️️ Transport of nutrients, gases, and waste What is adipose tissue? ️️ Fat-storing connective tissue What is the function of adipose tissue? ️️ Energy storage, insulation, and cushioning What is cartilage? ️️ A flexible connective tissue found in joints 3 What are the three types of cartilage? ️️ Hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage What is bone tissue function? ️️ Support, protection, and mineral storage What is the function of muscle tissue? ️️ Contraction to produce movement What are the three types of muscle tissue? ️️ Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth What is skeletal muscle tissue? ️️ Voluntary muscle attached to bones What is cardiac muscle tissue? ️️ Involuntary muscle found in the heart What is smooth muscle tissue? ️️ Involuntary muscle found in internal organs What is nervous tissue made of? ️️ Neurons and supporting cells What is the function of neurons? ️️ To transmit electrical signals What is a gland? ️️ A structure that secretes substances What are endocrine glands? ️️ Glands that release hormones into the bloodstream What are exocrine glands? ️️ Glands that release substances through ducts What is the extracellular matrix? ️️ The non-cellular component surrounding cells in tissues What is the function of extracellular matrix? ️️ Provides support and structural framework What is diffusion? ️️ Movement of molecules from high to low concentration 4 What is filtration? ️️ Movement of substances through a membrane due to pressure What is osmosis? ️️ Diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane What is active transport? ️️ Movement of substances against concentration gradient using energy What is passive transport? ️️ Movement without energy, along concentration gradient What is homeostasis? ️️ Maintenance of stable internal conditions What is feedback in physiology? ️️ A mechanism that regulates physiological processes