Nightingale College HESI 266 Assessment Exam Prep |
Real Questions & Accurate Answers | Latest 2026 Edition
1. Describe how hypoalbuminemia contributes to the development of edema in
patients with cirrhosis.
Hypoalbuminemia increases blood volume, leading to fluid retention.
Hypoalbuminemia reduces blood flow to the kidneys, causing fluid
accumulation.
Hypoalbuminemia causes increased sodium reabsorption, contributing
to fluid retention.
Hypoalbuminemia leads to decreased colloidal oncotic pressure,
which allows fluid to leak into the interstitial spaces, causing edema.
2. Why is Crohn's disease with colectomy considered a contraindication for
peritoneal dialysis?
Crohn's disease with colectomy can lead to complications that
affect the peritoneal cavity.
Nephrotic syndrome is not related to peritoneal dialysis.
Latent hepatitis C increases the risk of infection during dialysis.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus affects kidney function negatively.
3. Describe the significance of including fat-free yogurt in the DASH eating
plan.
Fat-free yogurt is a low-fat dairy option that provides calcium and
protein while being low in saturated fat.
Fat-free yogurt is primarily used for weight loss in the DASH eating
plan.
Fat-free yogurt is not recommended as it lacks essential nutrients.
, Fat-free yogurt is high in sugar and should be avoided in the DASH
eating plan.
4. A client on the DASH eating plan expresses a desire for a snack. Which of the
following choices best aligns with the DASH dietary recommendations?
A slice of chocolate cake with whipped cream.
A handful of salted nuts.
A granola bar with high sugar content.
A small bowl of mixed berries with a dollop of fat-free yogurt.
5. A client with a history of asthma reports having episodes of
bronchoconstriction and increased mucous production while exercising.
Which action should the nurse implement?
Assess client for signs and symptoms of upper airway infection.
Review the client's routine asthma management prescriptions.
Determine if the client is using an inhaler before exercising.
Teach client to use pursed lip breathing when episodes occur.
6. A nurse is educating a patient with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy about
foot care. If the patient expresses difficulty in checking their own feet, what
should the nurse recommend?
Use a mirror to check their feet daily.
Wear shoes that are too tight to avoid foot injuries.
Ask a family member to assist with regular foot examinations.
Only check their feet when they feel pain.
,7. The nurse observes that the patient has large areas of ecchymoses. Which
laboratory result is the nurse most likely to check?
Total serum bilirubin
Platelet count
Hemoglobin level
White cell count
8. What medication is commonly prescribed for chest pain associated with
myocardial infarction?
Morphine
Oxycodone
Hydromorphone
Fentanyl
9. Describe the purpose of a lumbar puncture in the context of diagnosing
bacterial meningitis.
A lumbar puncture is a procedure to administer antibiotics directly into
the spinal fluid.
A lumbar puncture is performed to collect cerebrospinal fluid for
analysis, which helps confirm the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.
A lumbar puncture is used to relieve pressure in the brain.
A lumbar puncture is done to visualize the brain's structure.
, 10. A patient with left-sided heart failure is prescribed oxygen at 4 L/min per
nasal cannula, furosemide, spironolactone, and enalapril. Which assessment
should the nurse complete to best evaluate the patient's response to these
drugs?
Observe skin turgor
Review intake and output
Auscultate lung sounds
Measure blood pressure
11. What is the recommended nursing action for a client with multiple sclerosis
experiencing urinary retention?
Teach the client techniques for performing intermittent
catheterization.
Remind the client to practice pelvic floor (Kegel) exercises regularly.
Provide a bedside commode for immediate use in the client's room.
Explain the need to limit intake of oral fluids to reduce client
discomfort.
12. Why is airborne isolation a critical intervention for a patient presenting with
fever, night sweats, and a productive cough with blood?
Airborne isolation prevents the spread of potentially infectious
respiratory pathogens to others.
Airborne isolation is only necessary for patients with confirmed
tuberculosis.
Airborne isolation is a standard procedure for all patients in the
emergency department.
Real Questions & Accurate Answers | Latest 2026 Edition
1. Describe how hypoalbuminemia contributes to the development of edema in
patients with cirrhosis.
Hypoalbuminemia increases blood volume, leading to fluid retention.
Hypoalbuminemia reduces blood flow to the kidneys, causing fluid
accumulation.
Hypoalbuminemia causes increased sodium reabsorption, contributing
to fluid retention.
Hypoalbuminemia leads to decreased colloidal oncotic pressure,
which allows fluid to leak into the interstitial spaces, causing edema.
2. Why is Crohn's disease with colectomy considered a contraindication for
peritoneal dialysis?
Crohn's disease with colectomy can lead to complications that
affect the peritoneal cavity.
Nephrotic syndrome is not related to peritoneal dialysis.
Latent hepatitis C increases the risk of infection during dialysis.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus affects kidney function negatively.
3. Describe the significance of including fat-free yogurt in the DASH eating
plan.
Fat-free yogurt is a low-fat dairy option that provides calcium and
protein while being low in saturated fat.
Fat-free yogurt is primarily used for weight loss in the DASH eating
plan.
Fat-free yogurt is not recommended as it lacks essential nutrients.
, Fat-free yogurt is high in sugar and should be avoided in the DASH
eating plan.
4. A client on the DASH eating plan expresses a desire for a snack. Which of the
following choices best aligns with the DASH dietary recommendations?
A slice of chocolate cake with whipped cream.
A handful of salted nuts.
A granola bar with high sugar content.
A small bowl of mixed berries with a dollop of fat-free yogurt.
5. A client with a history of asthma reports having episodes of
bronchoconstriction and increased mucous production while exercising.
Which action should the nurse implement?
Assess client for signs and symptoms of upper airway infection.
Review the client's routine asthma management prescriptions.
Determine if the client is using an inhaler before exercising.
Teach client to use pursed lip breathing when episodes occur.
6. A nurse is educating a patient with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy about
foot care. If the patient expresses difficulty in checking their own feet, what
should the nurse recommend?
Use a mirror to check their feet daily.
Wear shoes that are too tight to avoid foot injuries.
Ask a family member to assist with regular foot examinations.
Only check their feet when they feel pain.
,7. The nurse observes that the patient has large areas of ecchymoses. Which
laboratory result is the nurse most likely to check?
Total serum bilirubin
Platelet count
Hemoglobin level
White cell count
8. What medication is commonly prescribed for chest pain associated with
myocardial infarction?
Morphine
Oxycodone
Hydromorphone
Fentanyl
9. Describe the purpose of a lumbar puncture in the context of diagnosing
bacterial meningitis.
A lumbar puncture is a procedure to administer antibiotics directly into
the spinal fluid.
A lumbar puncture is performed to collect cerebrospinal fluid for
analysis, which helps confirm the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.
A lumbar puncture is used to relieve pressure in the brain.
A lumbar puncture is done to visualize the brain's structure.
, 10. A patient with left-sided heart failure is prescribed oxygen at 4 L/min per
nasal cannula, furosemide, spironolactone, and enalapril. Which assessment
should the nurse complete to best evaluate the patient's response to these
drugs?
Observe skin turgor
Review intake and output
Auscultate lung sounds
Measure blood pressure
11. What is the recommended nursing action for a client with multiple sclerosis
experiencing urinary retention?
Teach the client techniques for performing intermittent
catheterization.
Remind the client to practice pelvic floor (Kegel) exercises regularly.
Provide a bedside commode for immediate use in the client's room.
Explain the need to limit intake of oral fluids to reduce client
discomfort.
12. Why is airborne isolation a critical intervention for a patient presenting with
fever, night sweats, and a productive cough with blood?
Airborne isolation prevents the spread of potentially infectious
respiratory pathogens to others.
Airborne isolation is only necessary for patients with confirmed
tuberculosis.
Airborne isolation is a standard procedure for all patients in the
emergency department.
