PCCN_EXAM_QUESTIONS_WITH_COMPLETE_SOLUTIONS_GUARANTEED_PASS

PCCN EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW
2025/2026

What part of the circulatory system determines the afterload? -
ANSWER - >Arteries

Afterload determines the functions of the __________ - ANSWER -
>ARTERIES

RIGHT VENTRICLE AFTERLOAD is assessed by - ANSWER - >PVR
(pulmonary vascular resistance)

Normal is 20 - 200 dynes /sec/cm2
What is a normal range for pulmonary vascular resistance - ANSWER -
>Normal is 20 - 200 dynes / sec / cm2

What is the LEFT VENTRICLE AFTERLOAD assessed by? - ANSWER - >SVR
(systemic vascular resistance)

Normal is 800 - 1600 dynes / sec / cm2
What is a normal range for systemic vascular resistance - ANSWER -
>Normal is 800 - 1600 dynes / sec / cm2

What are the S/S of increased afterload? - ANSWER - >1. CVP > 8
2. s/s of fluid overload **
3. CO < 4 LPM ---
4. signs of cardiogenic shock
5. PA wedge > 12 mmhg

, 6. EF fraction < 60 %
7. MAP < 60 mmhg ---
8. SVR > 1600 dynes / sec / cm5
9. Decreased urine output --- 10. LV hypertrophy

**LEFT VENTRICLE HYPERTROPHY
**SYSTEMIC HTN
What are the main signs of increased afterload? - ANSWER - >Left
ventricle hypertrophy
Systemic HTN

What are the s/s of decreased afterload? - ANSWER - >1. CVP < 4
2. s/s of fluid depletion **
3. CO < 4 LPM ---
4. PA wedge < 8 mmhg
5. MAP < 60 mmhg (b/c patient is vasodilated) --- 6. SVR < 800 dynes /
sec/ cm5
7. decreased urine output --- 8.
HR > 90 BPM

**common with sepsis
What can affect afterload? - ANSWER - >1. Vasodilation
2. Vasoconstriction

What are some causes of vasodilation that can affect the afterload? -
ANSWER - >1. Nipride **
2. ACE I / ARB
3. Milirinone
4. Ca - Channel blocker
5. Antihypertensives