TEST BANK
Legal and Regulatory Environment of Business
, Chapter 1
Law as A Foundation For Business
1. Law and "rule of law" are synonymous
terms. True false
2. The first known written set of laws was the code of
hammurabi. True false
3. Rule-of-law nations adopt laws supporting the private market because it is in everyone's
interest, including the lawmakers'.
True false
4. Common property, applies to public resources owned by the government (or "state") like roads,
public buildings, public lands, and monuments.
True false
5. Contract law compensates owners whose resources are wrongfully harmed by the actions of others.
True false
6. The secret to economic prosperity and the wealth of nations lies in the foundation of property law and
the legal system to implement it under the rule of law.
True false
7. Jurisprudence is the rule of
law. True false
8. Natural law theory asserts that law contains universal moral
principles. True false
9. Sociological jurisprudence emphasizes that contemporary law should focus on legal principles that
have withstood the test of time in a nation.
True false
10. Jurisprudence refers to the general body of law interpretations by judges as different from
legislation passed by legislators.
True false
11. Legal realism is the idea that courts should understand the meaning of the constitution
relative to the times in which they interpret it.
True false
12. The united kingdom, the united states, canada, jamaica, india, nigeria, new zealand, and a few other
countries—all colonized by england—follow the common law.
True false
13. Civil law arose in the eleventh and twelfth centuries as the english monarch appointed royal
judges to ride circuits around the english countryside and to resolve disputes in the name of the
king (or queen).
True false
14. Louisiana is the only state in the u.s. That follows a partial civil law system due to louisiana's
historical ties with france, a civil law nation.
True false
15. Common law relies more on legislation than judicial decisions to determine what the
law is. Truefalse
,16. In administrative law, a government official represents society, or "the people," and the official
is responsible for seeking justice to achieve the ends of society.
True false
17. Although property law is categorized as one kind of private law; in our legal system, it is at the heart of
both public and private law.
True false
18. Contract law often but not always requires actual injury to the owner's
resources. True false
19. Legislation passed by the congress is called a statute or an act.
True false
20. The second amendment to the constitution holds that "no state shall . . . Deprive any person of life,
liberty or property without due process of law."
True false
21. Disadvantages of case law do not destroy the benefits of certainty, predictability, and stability
provided by case law and stare decisis.
True false
22. Judges in future cases are not so likely to follow the dicta in prior cases as they are the
holdings. True false
23. Conflicting precedents when applying the principle of stare decisis do not create confidence in the
certainty of law.
True false
24. With reference to the hierarchy of sources of law, case law prevails over local
ordinances. Truefalse
25. The fourteenth amendment to the constitution recognizes that the law is enforced by taking a person's
life, freedom, or the resources that he or she owns.
True false
26. Whether it's stated in the contract or not, when a breach of contract occurs, the injured party will usually
recover her attorney fees as part of her compensatory damages.
True false
27. The single largest number of lawsuits today, especially in the federal courts, involves one
business suing another business for tortious conduct.
True false
28. Tort law helps protect property boundaries by providing compensation when someone wrongfully
crosses such boundaries.
True false
29. In addition to compensatory damages, breach-of-contract cases may award punitive damages, when
the breaching party knew or had reason to know that special circumstances existed that would cause
the other party to suffer additional losses if the contract were breached.
True false
30. Drake verbally lashes out at his neighbor one evening following a drunken party. He also beats him up
when drake tries to back away from the argument. He is said to have committed a strict liability tort.
True false
31. Corporate governance can fail even when corporate managers do nothing
illegal. True false
,32. Article 6 of the treaty on european union, called the maastricht treaty, says the eu is
"founded" on:
A. Specific performance.
B. Private markets.
C. Stare decisis.
D. Rule of law.
E. Property.
33. Economic growth depends "in particular on the rule of law" which is a "lodestar for all countries." why?
A. Rule-of-law nations adopt laws supporting the private market because it is in everyone's
interest, including the lawmakers'.
B. It distinguishes lawmakers as being above the rule of law.
C. It allows special interest groups to benefit at the expense of others.
D. It adopts laws supporting the growth of the public markets over private markets increasing
economic growth of nations.
E. It removes the power of the courts and creates an autocratic regime where businesses can freely
invest and economic growth is high.
34. property is an ownership fence which applies to resources like land that more than one
individual owns jointly.
A. Private
B. Civil
C. Public
D. Common
E. Tort
35. A property based legal system:
A. Is unimportant in western legal systems.
B. Protects and assists the wealthy over the poor.
C. Applies only to common property or resources like land that more than one individual owns jointly.
D. Does not allow for the transfer of private resources.
E. Allows people to exclude others from interfering with what their efforts produce.
36. can be thought of as the central concept underlying western legal systems.
A. Rule of law
B. Property
C. Tort law
D. Ethics
E. Stare decisis
37. Contract law:
A. Enables an owner to exchange resources, especially at a future date.
B. Compensates owners whose resources are wrongfully harmed by the actions of others.
C. Punishes those who harm an owner's resources in particular ways.
D. Identifies how individuals can own and use private resources in groups.
E. Protects ownership and sets limits on private resource use.
38. law both protects ownership and sets limits on private resource use.
A. Tort
B. Antitrust
C. Securities
D. Regulatory
E. Contract
,39. The law protecting the owners of a business organization from the managers who run it for them is
.
A. Corporate governance
B. Antitrust law
C. Labor law
D. Contract law
E. Tort law
40. Which law forbids owners from monopolizing classes of resources and sets rules for how
businesses can compete to acquire ownership in new resources?
A. Regulatory
B. Tort
C. Antitrust
D. Antidiscrimination
E. Contract
41. The ideas and philosophies that explain the origin of law and its justification is called .
A. Rule of law
B. Torts
C. Stare decisis
D. Jurisprudence
E. Statutes
42. law jurisprudence believes that law is simply the commands of the state backed up by force
and punishments.
A. Positive
B. Natural
C. Historical
D. Sociological
E. Tort
43. Friedrich savigny, a prominent german legal philosopher, helped develop jurisprudence, which
emphasizes that contemporary law should focus on legal principles that have withstood the test of time
in a nation.
A. Sociological
B. Tort
C. Positive
D. Historical
E. Natural
44. jurisprudence supports the idea that law can and should change to meet new
developments in society.
A. Historical
B. Natural
C. Sociological
D. Positive law
E. Tort
45. Which idea of law tries to go beyond just the words of law to examine what police,
administrators, prosecutors, and judges are actually doing as they enforce, interpret, and apply
laws?
A. Positive law jurisprudence
B. Sociological jurisprudence
C. Stare decisis
D. Legal realism
E. Originalism
,46. So significant is the role of judges in the united states that they determine the meaning of the
constitution and can declare void the legislation of congress and the acts of the president. This
illustrates that the legal system in the u.s. Is based on .
A. Civil law
B. Religious law
C. Common law
D. Hybrid law
E. Constitutional law
47. law courts do not make law nor do their judges think themselves obligated to follow prior
judicial decisions, called precedents.
A. Common
B. Religious
C. Civil
D. Hybrid
E. Constitutional
48. law covers the legal principles that apply to government agencies, bureaus,
boards, or commissions.
A. Administrative
B. Constitutional
C. Tort
D. Criminal
E. Contract
49. Which of the following is not a typical area of concern in property law?
A. Promises to exchange resources in the future
B. Rules regarding patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secret
C. Rules for compensation when an owner's legal boundaries are wrongfully crossed
D. Rules regarding injury to an owner's resources
E. Legal principles that apply to government agencies, bureaus, boards, or commissions
50. Stephanie has written a book, "mirari" and was talking to some interested parties from hollywood about
making a movie based on it. However, she turned down the offer due to differences of opinion. A year
later, mirari was made into a movie but it did not acknowledge the author. Such situations come under
law.
A. Property
B. Administrative
C. Constitutional
D. Criminal
E. Tort
51. Burberry is a luxury brand that has its own distinctive trademark pattern. The company recently learned
that another retailer has been selling fake burberry bags. The legal dispute that will arise here is governed
by law.
A. Administrative
B. Constitutional
C. Property
D. Criminal
E. Tort
,52. Which of the following statements are true of tort law?
Ait involves the recognition of exclusive right in both tangible (physically touchable) and intangible
. Resources such as copyrights, patents, trademarks etc.
B. It covers the rules of how owners transfer resources by exchanging them.
C. It specifies various offenses against the proper order of the state.
D. It covers the legal principles that apply to government agencies, bureaus, boards, or
commissions.
E. It establishes rules for compensation when an owner's legal boundaries are wrongfully
crossed by another.
53. Kate has entered into a binding agreement to sell a house to michael. When michael shows up to
complete the deal as per the agreement, kate refuses to go through with the transaction. Which of
the following best categorizes kate and michael's issues with regard to classification of laws?
A. This is a public law issue regarding contract law.
B. This is a private law issue regarding contract law.
C. This is a public law issue regarding property law.
D. This is a private law issue regarding criminal law.
E. This is a public law issue regarding tort law.
54. In most criminal cases, an arrest can be made only based on probable cause and requires the officer
to read out the miranda rights to the criminal suspect before the arrest is made. This is an example
of:
A. Tort law.
B. Procedural law.
C. Rule of law.
D. Substantive law.
E. Sociological jurisprudence.
55. Which of the following statements about substantive law is true?
A. It is regulation and made by agencies of the federal government.
B. It covers the rules of how owners transfer resources by exchanging them.
C. The time allowed for one party to sue another is an example of substantive law.
D. Enforcement of a contractual promise is substantive in nature.
E. It provides the machinery for rights and duties.
56. A collection of legislations passed by the congress on the same subject are called:
A. Statutes.
B. Jurisprudence.
C. Stare decisis.
D. Codes.
E. Citations.
57. Following much debate the congress has decided to pass a bill that will increase the taxes on tobacco.
This legislation is called a:
A. Statute.
B. Regulation.
C. Ordinance.
D. Tort.
E. Citation.
58. The city of dover has passed a written law banning smoking in most restaurants and bars. Dover
has enacted a/an:
A. Statute.
B. Act.
C. Regulation.
D. Ordinance.
E. Jurisprudence.
,59. At the state level, the hierarchy of law sources begins with the state .
A. Act
B. Statute
C. Constitution
D. Citation
E. Commercial code
60. Judicial decisions, called laws, apply to a legal problem and interpret the relevant
constitutional, legislative, and regulatory laws.
A. Case
B. Procedural
C. Ordinance
D. Commercial
E. Code
61. The in prior cases are precisely what was necessary to the decision reached.
A. Dicta
B. Holdings
C. Citations
D. Statutes
E. Ordinances
62. According to , judges in current cases follow whenever possible the interpretation of law
determined by judges in prior cases.
A. Stare decisis.
B. Constitutional realism.
C. Statutory construction.
D. Constitutional relativism.
E. Legal realism.
63. When judges, decide appeals from trial courts, make decisions on legal issues, they write their
decisions, or , setting out reasons.
A. Citations
B. Opinions
C. Codes
D. Statutes
E. Ordinances
64. Which of the following are judicial decisions that interpret the relevant constitutional,
legislative, and regulatory laws?
A. Citations
B. Opinions
C. Case law
D. Dicta
E. Statutes
65. In constitutional law the idea that courts should understand the meaning of the constitution relative
to the times in which they interpret it is known as .
A. Constitutional relativity
B. Legal realism
C. Originalism
D. Dicta
E. Rule of law
,66. stands for the idea that courts should interpret the constitution only according to the
intentions of those who wrote it.
A. Constitutional relativity
B. Originalism
C. Legal realism
D. Dicta
E. Conflicts of law
67. The source of law which ranks the lowest among all the others is a .
A. Local ordinance
B. Statute
C. Case law
D. State administrative regulation
E. Federal administration regulation
68. are in effect a form of punishment for violating the law and sometimes also serve as a
preventive action.
A. Ordinances
B. Statutes
C. Sanctions
D. Torts
E. Opinions
69. The right of an individual to take another person's resources (especially money) because that person
has failed to meet the requirements of the law (e.g., the breach of a contract) is known as a(n) .
A. Sanction
B. Amendment
C. Remedy
D. Dicta
E. Holding
70. A(n) is a civil wrong other than a breach of contract.
A. Ordinance
B. Tort
C. Sanction
D. Remedy
E. Dicta
71. Which of the following statements about a breach of contract is false?
A. If a breach by one party is serious enough, the other party may be permitted to rescind or cancel
the contract.
B. The remedy of an injured party may be an order by the court commanding the other party actually
to perform a bargain as agreed.
C. The single largest number of lawsuits today involves businesses suing one another for a breach
of contract.
D. A tort is a kind of breach of contract which is a civil wrongdoing.
E. Compensatory damages along with additional consequential damages may be awarded in some cases
of breach of contract.
72. In some cases of a breach of contract, a decree of may be made —an order by the court
commanding the other party actually to perform a bargain as agreed.
A. Consequential damages
B. Compensatory damages
C. Stare decisis
D. Specific performance
E. Dicta
, 73. Each of the following is a remedy in case of a breach of contract except:
A. Punitive damages.
B. Consequential damages.
C. Specific performance.
D. Rescind the contract.
E. Cancel the contract.
74. Coach kleats is in charge of the softball team at phoenix junior school. He loses his temper with one of
the substitutes following a game and slams the child against the lockers in his anger. The child is badly
bruised and is bleeding from the nose. The coach can be sued for committing a(n) tort.
A. Negligence
B. Intentional
C. Strict liability
D. Specific performance
E. Criminal conduct
75. Punitive damages are frequently awarded in:
A. Ordinary negligence cases.
B. Intentional tort cases.
C. Breach of contract cases.
D. Criminal cases.
E. Violating the statutes.
76. In a broad general sense, includes the legal property relations that large businesses have with
each other, with their customers, and with society.
A. Corporate governance
B. Specific performance
C. Stare decisis
D. Tort law
E. Strict liability
77. Give three explanations for why national economies are weak or strong.
78. When the former soviet union collapsed, many observers thought that the new private market would
promptly improve russia's economy. Why has the soviet economy been slow to recover from the
decline that it experienced?
79. What is rule of law?
Legal and Regulatory Environment of Business
, Chapter 1
Law as A Foundation For Business
1. Law and "rule of law" are synonymous
terms. True false
2. The first known written set of laws was the code of
hammurabi. True false
3. Rule-of-law nations adopt laws supporting the private market because it is in everyone's
interest, including the lawmakers'.
True false
4. Common property, applies to public resources owned by the government (or "state") like roads,
public buildings, public lands, and monuments.
True false
5. Contract law compensates owners whose resources are wrongfully harmed by the actions of others.
True false
6. The secret to economic prosperity and the wealth of nations lies in the foundation of property law and
the legal system to implement it under the rule of law.
True false
7. Jurisprudence is the rule of
law. True false
8. Natural law theory asserts that law contains universal moral
principles. True false
9. Sociological jurisprudence emphasizes that contemporary law should focus on legal principles that
have withstood the test of time in a nation.
True false
10. Jurisprudence refers to the general body of law interpretations by judges as different from
legislation passed by legislators.
True false
11. Legal realism is the idea that courts should understand the meaning of the constitution
relative to the times in which they interpret it.
True false
12. The united kingdom, the united states, canada, jamaica, india, nigeria, new zealand, and a few other
countries—all colonized by england—follow the common law.
True false
13. Civil law arose in the eleventh and twelfth centuries as the english monarch appointed royal
judges to ride circuits around the english countryside and to resolve disputes in the name of the
king (or queen).
True false
14. Louisiana is the only state in the u.s. That follows a partial civil law system due to louisiana's
historical ties with france, a civil law nation.
True false
15. Common law relies more on legislation than judicial decisions to determine what the
law is. Truefalse
,16. In administrative law, a government official represents society, or "the people," and the official
is responsible for seeking justice to achieve the ends of society.
True false
17. Although property law is categorized as one kind of private law; in our legal system, it is at the heart of
both public and private law.
True false
18. Contract law often but not always requires actual injury to the owner's
resources. True false
19. Legislation passed by the congress is called a statute or an act.
True false
20. The second amendment to the constitution holds that "no state shall . . . Deprive any person of life,
liberty or property without due process of law."
True false
21. Disadvantages of case law do not destroy the benefits of certainty, predictability, and stability
provided by case law and stare decisis.
True false
22. Judges in future cases are not so likely to follow the dicta in prior cases as they are the
holdings. True false
23. Conflicting precedents when applying the principle of stare decisis do not create confidence in the
certainty of law.
True false
24. With reference to the hierarchy of sources of law, case law prevails over local
ordinances. Truefalse
25. The fourteenth amendment to the constitution recognizes that the law is enforced by taking a person's
life, freedom, or the resources that he or she owns.
True false
26. Whether it's stated in the contract or not, when a breach of contract occurs, the injured party will usually
recover her attorney fees as part of her compensatory damages.
True false
27. The single largest number of lawsuits today, especially in the federal courts, involves one
business suing another business for tortious conduct.
True false
28. Tort law helps protect property boundaries by providing compensation when someone wrongfully
crosses such boundaries.
True false
29. In addition to compensatory damages, breach-of-contract cases may award punitive damages, when
the breaching party knew or had reason to know that special circumstances existed that would cause
the other party to suffer additional losses if the contract were breached.
True false
30. Drake verbally lashes out at his neighbor one evening following a drunken party. He also beats him up
when drake tries to back away from the argument. He is said to have committed a strict liability tort.
True false
31. Corporate governance can fail even when corporate managers do nothing
illegal. True false
,32. Article 6 of the treaty on european union, called the maastricht treaty, says the eu is
"founded" on:
A. Specific performance.
B. Private markets.
C. Stare decisis.
D. Rule of law.
E. Property.
33. Economic growth depends "in particular on the rule of law" which is a "lodestar for all countries." why?
A. Rule-of-law nations adopt laws supporting the private market because it is in everyone's
interest, including the lawmakers'.
B. It distinguishes lawmakers as being above the rule of law.
C. It allows special interest groups to benefit at the expense of others.
D. It adopts laws supporting the growth of the public markets over private markets increasing
economic growth of nations.
E. It removes the power of the courts and creates an autocratic regime where businesses can freely
invest and economic growth is high.
34. property is an ownership fence which applies to resources like land that more than one
individual owns jointly.
A. Private
B. Civil
C. Public
D. Common
E. Tort
35. A property based legal system:
A. Is unimportant in western legal systems.
B. Protects and assists the wealthy over the poor.
C. Applies only to common property or resources like land that more than one individual owns jointly.
D. Does not allow for the transfer of private resources.
E. Allows people to exclude others from interfering with what their efforts produce.
36. can be thought of as the central concept underlying western legal systems.
A. Rule of law
B. Property
C. Tort law
D. Ethics
E. Stare decisis
37. Contract law:
A. Enables an owner to exchange resources, especially at a future date.
B. Compensates owners whose resources are wrongfully harmed by the actions of others.
C. Punishes those who harm an owner's resources in particular ways.
D. Identifies how individuals can own and use private resources in groups.
E. Protects ownership and sets limits on private resource use.
38. law both protects ownership and sets limits on private resource use.
A. Tort
B. Antitrust
C. Securities
D. Regulatory
E. Contract
,39. The law protecting the owners of a business organization from the managers who run it for them is
.
A. Corporate governance
B. Antitrust law
C. Labor law
D. Contract law
E. Tort law
40. Which law forbids owners from monopolizing classes of resources and sets rules for how
businesses can compete to acquire ownership in new resources?
A. Regulatory
B. Tort
C. Antitrust
D. Antidiscrimination
E. Contract
41. The ideas and philosophies that explain the origin of law and its justification is called .
A. Rule of law
B. Torts
C. Stare decisis
D. Jurisprudence
E. Statutes
42. law jurisprudence believes that law is simply the commands of the state backed up by force
and punishments.
A. Positive
B. Natural
C. Historical
D. Sociological
E. Tort
43. Friedrich savigny, a prominent german legal philosopher, helped develop jurisprudence, which
emphasizes that contemporary law should focus on legal principles that have withstood the test of time
in a nation.
A. Sociological
B. Tort
C. Positive
D. Historical
E. Natural
44. jurisprudence supports the idea that law can and should change to meet new
developments in society.
A. Historical
B. Natural
C. Sociological
D. Positive law
E. Tort
45. Which idea of law tries to go beyond just the words of law to examine what police,
administrators, prosecutors, and judges are actually doing as they enforce, interpret, and apply
laws?
A. Positive law jurisprudence
B. Sociological jurisprudence
C. Stare decisis
D. Legal realism
E. Originalism
,46. So significant is the role of judges in the united states that they determine the meaning of the
constitution and can declare void the legislation of congress and the acts of the president. This
illustrates that the legal system in the u.s. Is based on .
A. Civil law
B. Religious law
C. Common law
D. Hybrid law
E. Constitutional law
47. law courts do not make law nor do their judges think themselves obligated to follow prior
judicial decisions, called precedents.
A. Common
B. Religious
C. Civil
D. Hybrid
E. Constitutional
48. law covers the legal principles that apply to government agencies, bureaus,
boards, or commissions.
A. Administrative
B. Constitutional
C. Tort
D. Criminal
E. Contract
49. Which of the following is not a typical area of concern in property law?
A. Promises to exchange resources in the future
B. Rules regarding patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secret
C. Rules for compensation when an owner's legal boundaries are wrongfully crossed
D. Rules regarding injury to an owner's resources
E. Legal principles that apply to government agencies, bureaus, boards, or commissions
50. Stephanie has written a book, "mirari" and was talking to some interested parties from hollywood about
making a movie based on it. However, she turned down the offer due to differences of opinion. A year
later, mirari was made into a movie but it did not acknowledge the author. Such situations come under
law.
A. Property
B. Administrative
C. Constitutional
D. Criminal
E. Tort
51. Burberry is a luxury brand that has its own distinctive trademark pattern. The company recently learned
that another retailer has been selling fake burberry bags. The legal dispute that will arise here is governed
by law.
A. Administrative
B. Constitutional
C. Property
D. Criminal
E. Tort
,52. Which of the following statements are true of tort law?
Ait involves the recognition of exclusive right in both tangible (physically touchable) and intangible
. Resources such as copyrights, patents, trademarks etc.
B. It covers the rules of how owners transfer resources by exchanging them.
C. It specifies various offenses against the proper order of the state.
D. It covers the legal principles that apply to government agencies, bureaus, boards, or
commissions.
E. It establishes rules for compensation when an owner's legal boundaries are wrongfully
crossed by another.
53. Kate has entered into a binding agreement to sell a house to michael. When michael shows up to
complete the deal as per the agreement, kate refuses to go through with the transaction. Which of
the following best categorizes kate and michael's issues with regard to classification of laws?
A. This is a public law issue regarding contract law.
B. This is a private law issue regarding contract law.
C. This is a public law issue regarding property law.
D. This is a private law issue regarding criminal law.
E. This is a public law issue regarding tort law.
54. In most criminal cases, an arrest can be made only based on probable cause and requires the officer
to read out the miranda rights to the criminal suspect before the arrest is made. This is an example
of:
A. Tort law.
B. Procedural law.
C. Rule of law.
D. Substantive law.
E. Sociological jurisprudence.
55. Which of the following statements about substantive law is true?
A. It is regulation and made by agencies of the federal government.
B. It covers the rules of how owners transfer resources by exchanging them.
C. The time allowed for one party to sue another is an example of substantive law.
D. Enforcement of a contractual promise is substantive in nature.
E. It provides the machinery for rights and duties.
56. A collection of legislations passed by the congress on the same subject are called:
A. Statutes.
B. Jurisprudence.
C. Stare decisis.
D. Codes.
E. Citations.
57. Following much debate the congress has decided to pass a bill that will increase the taxes on tobacco.
This legislation is called a:
A. Statute.
B. Regulation.
C. Ordinance.
D. Tort.
E. Citation.
58. The city of dover has passed a written law banning smoking in most restaurants and bars. Dover
has enacted a/an:
A. Statute.
B. Act.
C. Regulation.
D. Ordinance.
E. Jurisprudence.
,59. At the state level, the hierarchy of law sources begins with the state .
A. Act
B. Statute
C. Constitution
D. Citation
E. Commercial code
60. Judicial decisions, called laws, apply to a legal problem and interpret the relevant
constitutional, legislative, and regulatory laws.
A. Case
B. Procedural
C. Ordinance
D. Commercial
E. Code
61. The in prior cases are precisely what was necessary to the decision reached.
A. Dicta
B. Holdings
C. Citations
D. Statutes
E. Ordinances
62. According to , judges in current cases follow whenever possible the interpretation of law
determined by judges in prior cases.
A. Stare decisis.
B. Constitutional realism.
C. Statutory construction.
D. Constitutional relativism.
E. Legal realism.
63. When judges, decide appeals from trial courts, make decisions on legal issues, they write their
decisions, or , setting out reasons.
A. Citations
B. Opinions
C. Codes
D. Statutes
E. Ordinances
64. Which of the following are judicial decisions that interpret the relevant constitutional,
legislative, and regulatory laws?
A. Citations
B. Opinions
C. Case law
D. Dicta
E. Statutes
65. In constitutional law the idea that courts should understand the meaning of the constitution relative
to the times in which they interpret it is known as .
A. Constitutional relativity
B. Legal realism
C. Originalism
D. Dicta
E. Rule of law
,66. stands for the idea that courts should interpret the constitution only according to the
intentions of those who wrote it.
A. Constitutional relativity
B. Originalism
C. Legal realism
D. Dicta
E. Conflicts of law
67. The source of law which ranks the lowest among all the others is a .
A. Local ordinance
B. Statute
C. Case law
D. State administrative regulation
E. Federal administration regulation
68. are in effect a form of punishment for violating the law and sometimes also serve as a
preventive action.
A. Ordinances
B. Statutes
C. Sanctions
D. Torts
E. Opinions
69. The right of an individual to take another person's resources (especially money) because that person
has failed to meet the requirements of the law (e.g., the breach of a contract) is known as a(n) .
A. Sanction
B. Amendment
C. Remedy
D. Dicta
E. Holding
70. A(n) is a civil wrong other than a breach of contract.
A. Ordinance
B. Tort
C. Sanction
D. Remedy
E. Dicta
71. Which of the following statements about a breach of contract is false?
A. If a breach by one party is serious enough, the other party may be permitted to rescind or cancel
the contract.
B. The remedy of an injured party may be an order by the court commanding the other party actually
to perform a bargain as agreed.
C. The single largest number of lawsuits today involves businesses suing one another for a breach
of contract.
D. A tort is a kind of breach of contract which is a civil wrongdoing.
E. Compensatory damages along with additional consequential damages may be awarded in some cases
of breach of contract.
72. In some cases of a breach of contract, a decree of may be made —an order by the court
commanding the other party actually to perform a bargain as agreed.
A. Consequential damages
B. Compensatory damages
C. Stare decisis
D. Specific performance
E. Dicta
, 73. Each of the following is a remedy in case of a breach of contract except:
A. Punitive damages.
B. Consequential damages.
C. Specific performance.
D. Rescind the contract.
E. Cancel the contract.
74. Coach kleats is in charge of the softball team at phoenix junior school. He loses his temper with one of
the substitutes following a game and slams the child against the lockers in his anger. The child is badly
bruised and is bleeding from the nose. The coach can be sued for committing a(n) tort.
A. Negligence
B. Intentional
C. Strict liability
D. Specific performance
E. Criminal conduct
75. Punitive damages are frequently awarded in:
A. Ordinary negligence cases.
B. Intentional tort cases.
C. Breach of contract cases.
D. Criminal cases.
E. Violating the statutes.
76. In a broad general sense, includes the legal property relations that large businesses have with
each other, with their customers, and with society.
A. Corporate governance
B. Specific performance
C. Stare decisis
D. Tort law
E. Strict liability
77. Give three explanations for why national economies are weak or strong.
78. When the former soviet union collapsed, many observers thought that the new private market would
promptly improve russia's economy. Why has the soviet economy been slow to recover from the
decline that it experienced?
79. What is rule of law?
