NUR 3112 FINAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ACCURATE ANSWERS
What components are required for a patient to give consent to a procedure? (Select all
that apply)
A. The patient understands the procedure.
B. The benefits are explained by the surgeon.
C. The surgeon coerces the patient to give consent. D. The risks are not disclosed to
the patient.
E. Alternative treatment options are disclosed. - Answers - A,B,E
Rationale: The surgeon must provide benefits, risks, and alternative treatment options
for the procedure/surgery before the nurse obtains consent. Coercion cannot occur for
the patient must voluntarily give consent. Patient comprehension is a requirement for
consent.
A preoperative patient expresses anxiety about upcoming surgery. Which response by
the
nurse is most likely to stimulate further discussion?
A. "I will be happy to explain the entire surgical procedure with you."
B. "Everyone is nervous before surgery."
C. "Can you share with me what you've been told about surgery?"
D. "Let me tell you about postoperative care and the amount of pain you can anticipate."
- Answers - C
Rationale: Open-ended questions help to stimulate further discussion. Reasons for
anxiety can be multiple, such as unpleasant interactions with health care providers,
uncontrolled pain, anesthesia reactions, and other post-operative complications. Plan of
care can be individualized once the nurse understands the patient's source of anxiety.
Which task would be most appropriate for the nurse to delegate to the unlicensed
personnel?
A. Complete the preoperative checklist.
B. Assess the patient's preoperative vital signs.
C. Teach the patient about coughing and deep breathing.
D. Assist the patient to remove clothing and jewelry. - Answers - D
The nurse provided preoperative teaching for a patient. The patient has a history of
arthritis
and takes aspirin daily. The nurse determines that the patient needs additional teaching
if the
patient makes which statement?
A. "Aspirin can cause abnormal blood clotting."
B. "Aspirin can cause bleeding after surgery."
C. "I need to continue to take aspirin until my surgery day."
,D. "I need to check with my doctor about when to stop taking aspirin prior to surgery." -
Answers - C
Rationale: Aspirin is an antiplatelet, which is abnormal blood clotting and can cause
bleeding after surgery. The patient's physician will determine when to stop aspirin and
ideally aspirin would be stopped 10 days prior to surgery. Continuing aspirin to the
surgery date puts the patient at risk for bleeding during surgery, thus determining that
the patient would need further education.
The nurse must obtain surgical consent forms for the scheduled surgery. Which
patient(s) would not be able to consent legally to surgery? (Select all that apply).
A. 65-year-old who cannot read nor write.
B. 80-year-old who is not oriented to place or situation.
C. 30-year-old who does not understand English.
D. 98-year-old who understands the procedure.
E. 6-year-old who has a fractured ankle. - Answers - B, E
Rationale: The patient that cannot read nor write can still provide consent. The consent
form
can be red to the patient and the surgeon would make sure all surgical questions are
answered. Patients who are not alert and oriented cannot provide consent, so the
medical power of attorney or next of kin would provide consent for the procedure. The
patient who does not understand English needs a certified interpreter to provide surgical
consent. Patients must understand the procedure before giving consent. Patients under
the age of 18 cannot provide consent, therefore the legal guardian or parent would give
consent.
What components are required for a patient to give consent to a procedure? (Select all
that apply)
A. The patient understands the procedure.
B. The benefits are explained by the surgeon.
C. The surgeon coerces the patient to give consent.
D. The risks are not disclosed to the patient.
E. Alternative treatment options are disclosed. - Answers - A. The patient needs to
comprehend what will occur with the procedure.
B. Benefits and risks need to be disclosed. The surgeon is responsible for this.
E. In addition to risks and benefits, alternative treatment options need to be disclosed to
the patient. Failure to provide all treatment options is unethical and deemed to be
coercion.
What preoperative diagnostic and laboratory tests would be appropriate for a patient
with heart failure? SATA
A. Echocardiogram
B. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
C. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
D. Renal Ultrasound
,E. Chest Xray - Answers - a. Patients who have heart issues need a further cardiac
workup which includes an echocardiogram. This provides us with useful information
such as the patient's ejection fraction, which is useful for heart failure patients.
b. Patients who have heart issues need a further cardiac workup which includes an
electrocardiogram. This provides information concerning heart rate and rhythm.
c. BNP correlates with left-ventricular pressures, thus a good indicator for heart failure.
The higher the BNP level, the increase in heart failure severity.
e. Chest x-ray would provide information such as pulmonary edema, which can be a
result of heart failure.
A common reason that a nurse may need extra time when preparing older adults for
surgery is their:
A. ineffective coping
B. limited adaptation to stress
C. diminished vision and hearing
D. Need to include caregivers in activities - Answers - C. As patients get older, several
types of vision changes can occur, such as age-related macular degeneration,
cataracts, glaucoma, etc. Hearing also changes with age. Age-related hearing loss is
called presbycusis.
The nurse is monitoring a patient who is receiving epidural anesthesia. What epidural
complication causes hypotension and bradycardia?
a. Blockade of motor nerve fibers
b. Blockade of sensory nerve fibers
c. Blockade of sympathetic nerve fibers
d. Blockade of parasympathetic nerve fibers - Answers - C. The sympathetic nervous
system is the "flight or fight" response, which causes tachycardia and hypertension.
Blockade of this response would cause a parasympathetic response, resulting in
bradycardia and hypotension.
The patient provides document specifying his wishes if is he is unable to do so. What is
this document called?
A. Informed Consent
B. Insurance Card
C. Patient's Bill of Rights
D. Advanced Directive - Answers - D. Advanced Directive
Which patient is at greatest risk for surgery?
A. 18 year old boy taking lorazepam
B. 58 year old man taking atenolol
C. 73 year old woman taking an analgesic
D. 35 year old woman taking warfarin - Answers - D. 35 year old woman taking warfarin
The nurse reports which of the following laboratory findings to the surgeon?
A. Potassium 3.4 mEq/L
B. Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL
, C. Sodium 140 mEq/L
D. Fasting glucose 80 mg/dL - Answers - B. Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL (range for creatinine
is 0.5-1.3 mg/dL)
The patient is signing a consent. What is required for informed consent? (select all that
apply)
A. Alternative treatment options discussed with the patient
B. Patient requires family member to translate consent form
C. Patient voluntarily signs the consent form
D. Questions answered after the patient signs the consent form - Answers - A, C
What complications are associated with the administration of total parenteral nutrition
(TPN)?
A.Diarrhea
B.Malabsorption
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Vomiting - Answers - C. Hyperglycemia
What is the primary purpose of maintaining NPO before surgery?
A. To prevent malnutrition
B. To prevent electrolyte imbalance
C. To prevent aspiration pneumonia
D. To prevent intestinal obstruction - Answers - C. To prevent aspiration pneumonia
A pt on tube feeding and has a residual of 300 mL with nausea and vomiting. What
would the nurse do first?
A. Stop the tube feeding
B. Place the patient in a supine position
C. Notify the physician
D. Nothing - Answers - A. Stop the tube feeding
An obese patient is admitted for abdominal surgery. This patient is more prone to which
post-op complication?
A. Anemia
B. Protein loss
C. Dehiscence
D. Seizures - Answers - C. Dehiscence
The patient reports several allergies. What should the nurse do next?
A. Note the information in the chart
B. Ask patient to describe severity of allergies
C. Place an allergy alert wristband on the patient
D. Notify anesthesia for possible risk for anesthetic allergies - Answers - B. Ask patient
to describe severity of allergies
ACCURATE ANSWERS
What components are required for a patient to give consent to a procedure? (Select all
that apply)
A. The patient understands the procedure.
B. The benefits are explained by the surgeon.
C. The surgeon coerces the patient to give consent. D. The risks are not disclosed to
the patient.
E. Alternative treatment options are disclosed. - Answers - A,B,E
Rationale: The surgeon must provide benefits, risks, and alternative treatment options
for the procedure/surgery before the nurse obtains consent. Coercion cannot occur for
the patient must voluntarily give consent. Patient comprehension is a requirement for
consent.
A preoperative patient expresses anxiety about upcoming surgery. Which response by
the
nurse is most likely to stimulate further discussion?
A. "I will be happy to explain the entire surgical procedure with you."
B. "Everyone is nervous before surgery."
C. "Can you share with me what you've been told about surgery?"
D. "Let me tell you about postoperative care and the amount of pain you can anticipate."
- Answers - C
Rationale: Open-ended questions help to stimulate further discussion. Reasons for
anxiety can be multiple, such as unpleasant interactions with health care providers,
uncontrolled pain, anesthesia reactions, and other post-operative complications. Plan of
care can be individualized once the nurse understands the patient's source of anxiety.
Which task would be most appropriate for the nurse to delegate to the unlicensed
personnel?
A. Complete the preoperative checklist.
B. Assess the patient's preoperative vital signs.
C. Teach the patient about coughing and deep breathing.
D. Assist the patient to remove clothing and jewelry. - Answers - D
The nurse provided preoperative teaching for a patient. The patient has a history of
arthritis
and takes aspirin daily. The nurse determines that the patient needs additional teaching
if the
patient makes which statement?
A. "Aspirin can cause abnormal blood clotting."
B. "Aspirin can cause bleeding after surgery."
C. "I need to continue to take aspirin until my surgery day."
,D. "I need to check with my doctor about when to stop taking aspirin prior to surgery." -
Answers - C
Rationale: Aspirin is an antiplatelet, which is abnormal blood clotting and can cause
bleeding after surgery. The patient's physician will determine when to stop aspirin and
ideally aspirin would be stopped 10 days prior to surgery. Continuing aspirin to the
surgery date puts the patient at risk for bleeding during surgery, thus determining that
the patient would need further education.
The nurse must obtain surgical consent forms for the scheduled surgery. Which
patient(s) would not be able to consent legally to surgery? (Select all that apply).
A. 65-year-old who cannot read nor write.
B. 80-year-old who is not oriented to place or situation.
C. 30-year-old who does not understand English.
D. 98-year-old who understands the procedure.
E. 6-year-old who has a fractured ankle. - Answers - B, E
Rationale: The patient that cannot read nor write can still provide consent. The consent
form
can be red to the patient and the surgeon would make sure all surgical questions are
answered. Patients who are not alert and oriented cannot provide consent, so the
medical power of attorney or next of kin would provide consent for the procedure. The
patient who does not understand English needs a certified interpreter to provide surgical
consent. Patients must understand the procedure before giving consent. Patients under
the age of 18 cannot provide consent, therefore the legal guardian or parent would give
consent.
What components are required for a patient to give consent to a procedure? (Select all
that apply)
A. The patient understands the procedure.
B. The benefits are explained by the surgeon.
C. The surgeon coerces the patient to give consent.
D. The risks are not disclosed to the patient.
E. Alternative treatment options are disclosed. - Answers - A. The patient needs to
comprehend what will occur with the procedure.
B. Benefits and risks need to be disclosed. The surgeon is responsible for this.
E. In addition to risks and benefits, alternative treatment options need to be disclosed to
the patient. Failure to provide all treatment options is unethical and deemed to be
coercion.
What preoperative diagnostic and laboratory tests would be appropriate for a patient
with heart failure? SATA
A. Echocardiogram
B. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
C. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
D. Renal Ultrasound
,E. Chest Xray - Answers - a. Patients who have heart issues need a further cardiac
workup which includes an echocardiogram. This provides us with useful information
such as the patient's ejection fraction, which is useful for heart failure patients.
b. Patients who have heart issues need a further cardiac workup which includes an
electrocardiogram. This provides information concerning heart rate and rhythm.
c. BNP correlates with left-ventricular pressures, thus a good indicator for heart failure.
The higher the BNP level, the increase in heart failure severity.
e. Chest x-ray would provide information such as pulmonary edema, which can be a
result of heart failure.
A common reason that a nurse may need extra time when preparing older adults for
surgery is their:
A. ineffective coping
B. limited adaptation to stress
C. diminished vision and hearing
D. Need to include caregivers in activities - Answers - C. As patients get older, several
types of vision changes can occur, such as age-related macular degeneration,
cataracts, glaucoma, etc. Hearing also changes with age. Age-related hearing loss is
called presbycusis.
The nurse is monitoring a patient who is receiving epidural anesthesia. What epidural
complication causes hypotension and bradycardia?
a. Blockade of motor nerve fibers
b. Blockade of sensory nerve fibers
c. Blockade of sympathetic nerve fibers
d. Blockade of parasympathetic nerve fibers - Answers - C. The sympathetic nervous
system is the "flight or fight" response, which causes tachycardia and hypertension.
Blockade of this response would cause a parasympathetic response, resulting in
bradycardia and hypotension.
The patient provides document specifying his wishes if is he is unable to do so. What is
this document called?
A. Informed Consent
B. Insurance Card
C. Patient's Bill of Rights
D. Advanced Directive - Answers - D. Advanced Directive
Which patient is at greatest risk for surgery?
A. 18 year old boy taking lorazepam
B. 58 year old man taking atenolol
C. 73 year old woman taking an analgesic
D. 35 year old woman taking warfarin - Answers - D. 35 year old woman taking warfarin
The nurse reports which of the following laboratory findings to the surgeon?
A. Potassium 3.4 mEq/L
B. Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL
, C. Sodium 140 mEq/L
D. Fasting glucose 80 mg/dL - Answers - B. Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL (range for creatinine
is 0.5-1.3 mg/dL)
The patient is signing a consent. What is required for informed consent? (select all that
apply)
A. Alternative treatment options discussed with the patient
B. Patient requires family member to translate consent form
C. Patient voluntarily signs the consent form
D. Questions answered after the patient signs the consent form - Answers - A, C
What complications are associated with the administration of total parenteral nutrition
(TPN)?
A.Diarrhea
B.Malabsorption
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Vomiting - Answers - C. Hyperglycemia
What is the primary purpose of maintaining NPO before surgery?
A. To prevent malnutrition
B. To prevent electrolyte imbalance
C. To prevent aspiration pneumonia
D. To prevent intestinal obstruction - Answers - C. To prevent aspiration pneumonia
A pt on tube feeding and has a residual of 300 mL with nausea and vomiting. What
would the nurse do first?
A. Stop the tube feeding
B. Place the patient in a supine position
C. Notify the physician
D. Nothing - Answers - A. Stop the tube feeding
An obese patient is admitted for abdominal surgery. This patient is more prone to which
post-op complication?
A. Anemia
B. Protein loss
C. Dehiscence
D. Seizures - Answers - C. Dehiscence
The patient reports several allergies. What should the nurse do next?
A. Note the information in the chart
B. Ask patient to describe severity of allergies
C. Place an allergy alert wristband on the patient
D. Notify anesthesia for possible risk for anesthetic allergies - Answers - B. Ask patient
to describe severity of allergies
