CHAPTER 2 RADIATION PHYSICS| TOP SCORES MADE
SIMPLE | TRUSTED TEST SOLUTIONS!
Matter Answer: Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
When matter is altered, energy results
What is an atom? Answer: An atom is the fundamental unit of matter.
What is all matter composed of? Answer: All matter is composed of atoms.
What are the two main components of an atom? Answer: An atom consists of a central
nucleus and orbiting electrons.
What determines the identity of an atom? Answer: The identity is determined by the
composition of the nucleus and the arrangement of orbiting electrons.
What is the nucleus composed of? Answer: Protons and neutrons.
What type of electrical charge do protons have? Answer: Positive electrical charge.
What is the electrical charge of neutrons? Answer: Neutrons carry no electrical charge.
What determines the mass number or atomic weight of an atom? Answer: The number
of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
What does the number of protons inside the nucleus equal? Answer: The number of
electrons outside the nucleus.
What determines the atomic number of an atom? Answer: The number of protons in
the nucleus.
How are atoms arranged on the periodic table? Answer: In increasing atomic number.
What are electrons? Answer: Electrons are tiny, negatively charged particles.
How much mass do electrons have compared to protons or neutrons? Answer:
Electrons have very little mass, approximately 1/1800 as much as a proton or neutron.
What are the paths called that electrons travel around the nucleus? Answer: Electrons
travel around the nucleus in well-defined paths known as orbits or shells.
Which shell has the highest energy level? Answer: The shell located closest to the
nucleus has the highest energy level.
What force maintains electrons in their orbits? Answer: Electrostatic force between the
positive nucleus and negative electrons.
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, What is the binding energy of an electron? Answer: The energy that keeps an electron
in its orbit around the nucleus.
What determines the binding energy of an electron? Answer: The distance between the
nucleus and the orbiting electron.
Where is the strongest binding energy found? Answer: Closest to the nucleus in the K
shell.
How is binding energy measured? Answer: In electron volts or kilo electron volts.
What are energy levels in an atom? Answer: Energy levels are regions where electrons
revolve around the nucleus.
What keeps electrons in orbit around the nucleus? Answer: Electrons maintain orbit
due to the positive attraction from protons, known as binding energy.
Which shell has the strongest binding energy? Answer: The K shell (inner-most shell)
has the strongest binding energy.
Which shell has the weakest binding energy? Answer: The Q shell has the weakest
binding energy.
What are molecules? Answer: Molecules are two or more atoms joined by chemical
bonds.
What can atoms do? Answer: Atoms are capable of combining with one another to form
molecules.
What is the smallest amount of a substance that possesses its characteristic
properties? Answer: A molecule.
How are molecules formed? Answer: Molecules are formed by the transfer of electrons.
What is another way molecules are formed? Answer: Molecules are formed by the
sharing of electrons between the outermost shells of atoms.
What is ionization? Answer: The process of converting an atom into ions.
What is the charge of most neutral atoms? Answer: Neutral atoms have an equal
number of protons and electrons.
What does an atom with an incompletely filled outer shell do? Answer: It attempts to
capture an electron from an adjacent atom.
What is an ion? Answer: An atom that gains or loses an electron and becomes
electrically unbalanced.
What happens to an atom that loses an electron? Answer: It becomes a positive ion.
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APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
SIMPLE | TRUSTED TEST SOLUTIONS!
Matter Answer: Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
When matter is altered, energy results
What is an atom? Answer: An atom is the fundamental unit of matter.
What is all matter composed of? Answer: All matter is composed of atoms.
What are the two main components of an atom? Answer: An atom consists of a central
nucleus and orbiting electrons.
What determines the identity of an atom? Answer: The identity is determined by the
composition of the nucleus and the arrangement of orbiting electrons.
What is the nucleus composed of? Answer: Protons and neutrons.
What type of electrical charge do protons have? Answer: Positive electrical charge.
What is the electrical charge of neutrons? Answer: Neutrons carry no electrical charge.
What determines the mass number or atomic weight of an atom? Answer: The number
of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
What does the number of protons inside the nucleus equal? Answer: The number of
electrons outside the nucleus.
What determines the atomic number of an atom? Answer: The number of protons in
the nucleus.
How are atoms arranged on the periodic table? Answer: In increasing atomic number.
What are electrons? Answer: Electrons are tiny, negatively charged particles.
How much mass do electrons have compared to protons or neutrons? Answer:
Electrons have very little mass, approximately 1/1800 as much as a proton or neutron.
What are the paths called that electrons travel around the nucleus? Answer: Electrons
travel around the nucleus in well-defined paths known as orbits or shells.
Which shell has the highest energy level? Answer: The shell located closest to the
nucleus has the highest energy level.
What force maintains electrons in their orbits? Answer: Electrostatic force between the
positive nucleus and negative electrons.
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, What is the binding energy of an electron? Answer: The energy that keeps an electron
in its orbit around the nucleus.
What determines the binding energy of an electron? Answer: The distance between the
nucleus and the orbiting electron.
Where is the strongest binding energy found? Answer: Closest to the nucleus in the K
shell.
How is binding energy measured? Answer: In electron volts or kilo electron volts.
What are energy levels in an atom? Answer: Energy levels are regions where electrons
revolve around the nucleus.
What keeps electrons in orbit around the nucleus? Answer: Electrons maintain orbit
due to the positive attraction from protons, known as binding energy.
Which shell has the strongest binding energy? Answer: The K shell (inner-most shell)
has the strongest binding energy.
Which shell has the weakest binding energy? Answer: The Q shell has the weakest
binding energy.
What are molecules? Answer: Molecules are two or more atoms joined by chemical
bonds.
What can atoms do? Answer: Atoms are capable of combining with one another to form
molecules.
What is the smallest amount of a substance that possesses its characteristic
properties? Answer: A molecule.
How are molecules formed? Answer: Molecules are formed by the transfer of electrons.
What is another way molecules are formed? Answer: Molecules are formed by the
sharing of electrons between the outermost shells of atoms.
What is ionization? Answer: The process of converting an atom into ions.
What is the charge of most neutral atoms? Answer: Neutral atoms have an equal
number of protons and electrons.
What does an atom with an incompletely filled outer shell do? Answer: It attempts to
capture an electron from an adjacent atom.
What is an ion? Answer: An atom that gains or loses an electron and becomes
electrically unbalanced.
What happens to an atom that loses an electron? Answer: It becomes a positive ion.
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
