TEST BANK
,EssentialsmofmPathophysiologym4thmEditionmbymPorthmTestmBankmChap
term01m-mCellmStructuremandmFunction
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
(Answers are at the end of each Chapter)
m m m m m m m
1. Them nucleus ,mwhichmismessentialmformfunctionmandmsurvivalmofmthemcell.
a. ismthemsitemofmproteinmsynthesis
b. containsmthemgeneticmcode
c. transformsmcellularmenergy
d. initiatesmaerobicm metabolism
2. Althoughmenergymismnotmmademinmmitochondria,mtheymaremknownmasmthempowermplantsmofmthemcellmbeca
usemthey:
a. containm RNAmform proteinm synthesis.
b. utilizemglycolysism formoxidativem energy.
c. extractm energymfromm organicm compounds.
d. storem calciummbondsm form musclem contractions.
3. Althoughmthembasicmstructuremofmthemcellmplasmammembranemismformedmbymamlipidmbilayer,mmostmof
mthemspecificmmembranemfunctionsmaremcarriedmoutmby:
a. boundm andm transmembranem proteins.
b. complex,m longm carbohydratem chains.
c. surfacem antigensmandmhormonem receptors.
d. amgatingmsystemmofm selectivem ionmchannels.
4. Tomeffectivelymrelaymsignals,m cell-to-cellmcommunicationm utilizesmchemicalm messengermsystemsm that:
a. displacem surfacem receptorm proteins.
b. accumulatem withinm cellm gapmjunctions.
c. bindm tom contractilem microfilaments.
d. releasem secretionsm intom extracellularm fluid
5. Aerobicmmetabolism,malsom knownm asm oxidativem metabolism,m providesm energymby:
, a. removingm them phosphatem bondsm fromm ATP.
b. combiningm hydrogenm andm oxygenm tom formm water.
c. activatingmpyruvatemstoredminm them cytoplasm.
d. breakingmdownm glucosem tomformmlacticm acid.
6. Exocytosis,m them reversem ofm endocytosis,m ismimportantm in intomthemextracellularmfluid.
a. Engulfingmandmingestingm fluidm andmproteinsm form transport
b. Killing,mdegrading,m andmdissolvingm harmfulm microorganisms
c. Removingmcellularm debrism andmreleasingm synthesizedm substances
d. Destructionmofmparticlesm bymlysosomalmenzymesm form secretion
7. Themprocessmresponsiblem form generatingm andmconductingm membranem potentialsm is:
a. diffusionm ofm current-carryingm ions.
b. millivoltagemofmelectricalmpotential.
c. polarizationm ofm chargedm particles.
d. ionm channelm neurotransmission.
8. Epithelialmtissuesmaremclassifiedmaccordingmtomthemshapemofmthemcellsmandmthemnumbermofmlayers.mWhic
hmofmthem followingm ism am correctlym matchedm descriptionm andm typem ofm epithelialm tissue?
a. Simplemepithelium:mcellsminmcontactmwithmintercellularm matrix;msomem domnotmextendmtom surface
b. Stratifiedmepithelium:msinglem layermofmcells;m allmcellsmrestm onmbasementm membrane
c. Glandularmepithelium:m arisemfrommsurfacem epitheliam andmunderlyingm connectivem tissue
d. Pseudostratifiedmepithelium:m multiplemlayersm ofmcells;mdeepestmlayerm restsm onm basementm membrane
9. Connectivemtissuem containsmfibroblastsm thatmarem responsiblem for:
a. providingm am fibrousm frameworkm form capillaries.
, b. synthesism ofm collagen,m elastin,m andm reticularm fibers.
c. formingmtendonsm andm themfasciam thatmcoversm muscles.
d. fillingmspacesmbetweenm tissuesmtomkeepmorgansm inmplace.
10. Althoughmallmmusclemtissuemcellsmhavemsomemsimilarities,msmoothmmusclem(alsomknownmasminvolunta
rymmuscle)mdiffersmby:
A) havingmdensem bodiesmattachedmtomactinm filaments.
B) containingmsarcomeresm betweenm Zm linesmandm Mmbands.
C) havingm rapidmcontractionsm andm abundantm cross-striations.
D) contractingminmresponsem tomincreasedm intracellularm calcium.
11. Whichmofmthemfollowingm aspectsm ofmthemfunctionm ofm themnucleusm ismperformedm bymribosomalm RNAm (rRNA)
?
A) CopyingmandmcarryingmDNAm instructionsm form proteinm synthesis
B) Carryingmaminomacidsm tom themsitemofmproteinm synthesis
C) Providingmthemsitemwheremproteinm synthesism occurs
D) Regulatingmandm controllingm proteinm synthesis
12. Breakdownmandmremovalmofmforeignmsubstancesmandmworn-
outmcellmpartsmaremperformedmbymwhichmofmthemfollowingmorganelles?
A) Lysosomes
B) Golgim apparatus
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmicmreticulumm(ER)
13. Impairmentminmthemfunctionm ofmperoxisomesmwouldmresultmin:
A) inadequatemsitesm form proteinmsynthesis.
B) anminabilitymtomtransportm cellularm productsm acrossmthem cellmmembrane.
,EssentialsmofmPathophysiologym4thmEditionmbymPorthmTestmBankmChap
term01m-mCellmStructuremandmFunction
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
(Answers are at the end of each Chapter)
m m m m m m m
1. Them nucleus ,mwhichmismessentialmformfunctionmandmsurvivalmofmthemcell.
a. ismthemsitemofmproteinmsynthesis
b. containsmthemgeneticmcode
c. transformsmcellularmenergy
d. initiatesmaerobicm metabolism
2. Althoughmenergymismnotmmademinmmitochondria,mtheymaremknownmasmthempowermplantsmofmthemcellmbeca
usemthey:
a. containm RNAmform proteinm synthesis.
b. utilizemglycolysism formoxidativem energy.
c. extractm energymfromm organicm compounds.
d. storem calciummbondsm form musclem contractions.
3. Althoughmthembasicmstructuremofmthemcellmplasmammembranemismformedmbymamlipidmbilayer,mmostmof
mthemspecificmmembranemfunctionsmaremcarriedmoutmby:
a. boundm andm transmembranem proteins.
b. complex,m longm carbohydratem chains.
c. surfacem antigensmandmhormonem receptors.
d. amgatingmsystemmofm selectivem ionmchannels.
4. Tomeffectivelymrelaymsignals,m cell-to-cellmcommunicationm utilizesmchemicalm messengermsystemsm that:
a. displacem surfacem receptorm proteins.
b. accumulatem withinm cellm gapmjunctions.
c. bindm tom contractilem microfilaments.
d. releasem secretionsm intom extracellularm fluid
5. Aerobicmmetabolism,malsom knownm asm oxidativem metabolism,m providesm energymby:
, a. removingm them phosphatem bondsm fromm ATP.
b. combiningm hydrogenm andm oxygenm tom formm water.
c. activatingmpyruvatemstoredminm them cytoplasm.
d. breakingmdownm glucosem tomformmlacticm acid.
6. Exocytosis,m them reversem ofm endocytosis,m ismimportantm in intomthemextracellularmfluid.
a. Engulfingmandmingestingm fluidm andmproteinsm form transport
b. Killing,mdegrading,m andmdissolvingm harmfulm microorganisms
c. Removingmcellularm debrism andmreleasingm synthesizedm substances
d. Destructionmofmparticlesm bymlysosomalmenzymesm form secretion
7. Themprocessmresponsiblem form generatingm andmconductingm membranem potentialsm is:
a. diffusionm ofm current-carryingm ions.
b. millivoltagemofmelectricalmpotential.
c. polarizationm ofm chargedm particles.
d. ionm channelm neurotransmission.
8. Epithelialmtissuesmaremclassifiedmaccordingmtomthemshapemofmthemcellsmandmthemnumbermofmlayers.mWhic
hmofmthem followingm ism am correctlym matchedm descriptionm andm typem ofm epithelialm tissue?
a. Simplemepithelium:mcellsminmcontactmwithmintercellularm matrix;msomem domnotmextendmtom surface
b. Stratifiedmepithelium:msinglem layermofmcells;m allmcellsmrestm onmbasementm membrane
c. Glandularmepithelium:m arisemfrommsurfacem epitheliam andmunderlyingm connectivem tissue
d. Pseudostratifiedmepithelium:m multiplemlayersm ofmcells;mdeepestmlayerm restsm onm basementm membrane
9. Connectivemtissuem containsmfibroblastsm thatmarem responsiblem for:
a. providingm am fibrousm frameworkm form capillaries.
, b. synthesism ofm collagen,m elastin,m andm reticularm fibers.
c. formingmtendonsm andm themfasciam thatmcoversm muscles.
d. fillingmspacesmbetweenm tissuesmtomkeepmorgansm inmplace.
10. Althoughmallmmusclemtissuemcellsmhavemsomemsimilarities,msmoothmmusclem(alsomknownmasminvolunta
rymmuscle)mdiffersmby:
A) havingmdensem bodiesmattachedmtomactinm filaments.
B) containingmsarcomeresm betweenm Zm linesmandm Mmbands.
C) havingm rapidmcontractionsm andm abundantm cross-striations.
D) contractingminmresponsem tomincreasedm intracellularm calcium.
11. Whichmofmthemfollowingm aspectsm ofmthemfunctionm ofm themnucleusm ismperformedm bymribosomalm RNAm (rRNA)
?
A) CopyingmandmcarryingmDNAm instructionsm form proteinm synthesis
B) Carryingmaminomacidsm tom themsitemofmproteinm synthesis
C) Providingmthemsitemwheremproteinm synthesism occurs
D) Regulatingmandm controllingm proteinm synthesis
12. Breakdownmandmremovalmofmforeignmsubstancesmandmworn-
outmcellmpartsmaremperformedmbymwhichmofmthemfollowingmorganelles?
A) Lysosomes
B) Golgim apparatus
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmicmreticulumm(ER)
13. Impairmentminmthemfunctionm ofmperoxisomesmwouldmresultmin:
A) inadequatemsitesm form proteinmsynthesis.
B) anminabilitymtomtransportm cellularm productsm acrossmthem cellmmembrane.
