APHY 102 Final Exam 2026 Study Guide
1. The structure of a lymphatic vessel is most similar to vein
that of a(n)
2. In order to be fully activated, most cells B;T
require interaction with cells.
3. What is the first component(s) of the immune system Thymus
to decline with age?
4. What is not true of the spleen? The spaces in the lobes of
the spleen are filled with
lymph
5. What term refers to any molecule that elicits an im- Antigen
mune response?
6. The thymus enlarges after puberty T/F False
7. Absence or blockage of lymph vessels in a body region Edema
leads directly to what condition?
8. Memory T and B cells function in what type of re- Secondary immune re-
sponse? sponses
9. The region of a lymph node through which blood ves- hilum
sels and nerves pass is called the
10. What term is used for disorders resulting from the Autoimmune diseases
immune system attacking "self" cells?
11. What is the name of the fluid contained within vessels Lymph
of the lymphatic system?
12. trunks; ducts
, Lymphatic pathways begin at the lymphatic capillaries
which empty into lymphatic vessels. From there, flu-
id flows through lymphatic into lymphatic
, eventually emptying into veins in the tho-
rax.
13. The thymus is in the mediastinum behind the ster- True
num. T/F
14. Lymph eventually is returned to the circulation at what Right and left subclavian
blood vessels? veins
15. Name the enzyme that converts HC2O3 to HCO3- and carbonic anhydrase
H+.
16. Activation of what group of proteins in the plasma Complement
leads to inflammation, attraction of phagocytes, and
enhancement of phagocytosis?
17. The two collecting ducts that drain the lymphatic thoracic duct and right
trunks are the lymphatic duct.
18. What type of immunity will result from receiving a Artificially acquired active
vaccination? immunity
19. allograft same species
20. isograft identical twin
21. xenograft ditterent species
22. autograft self
23. IgE
, What class of immunoglobulin is involved in immedi-
ate-reaction allergic reactions?
24. Older red blood cells may be destroyed in the spleen. T
T/F
25. Lymph differs from plasma in that plasma has more protein
than lymph
26. When T or B cells are activated, they proliferate, form- Clone
ing a group of genetically identical cells descending
from the original activated cell. What is the name of
this group of identical cells?
27. Muscle contraction moves lymph through lymphatic True
vessels T/F
28. What is the name of the condition in which there is Anemia
a deficiency in red blood cells or in the amount of
hemoglobin?
29. A person with type A blood can successfully donate A
blood to a person with type blood.
30. What component of blood accounts for the largest Plasma
proportion of the blood volume?
31. Define hemostasis Process that stops bleed-
ing
32. What is the typical life span of a red blood cell? 120 days
33. The biconcave cells in blood that lack nuclei when they red blood cells.
are mature are the
1. The structure of a lymphatic vessel is most similar to vein
that of a(n)
2. In order to be fully activated, most cells B;T
require interaction with cells.
3. What is the first component(s) of the immune system Thymus
to decline with age?
4. What is not true of the spleen? The spaces in the lobes of
the spleen are filled with
lymph
5. What term refers to any molecule that elicits an im- Antigen
mune response?
6. The thymus enlarges after puberty T/F False
7. Absence or blockage of lymph vessels in a body region Edema
leads directly to what condition?
8. Memory T and B cells function in what type of re- Secondary immune re-
sponse? sponses
9. The region of a lymph node through which blood ves- hilum
sels and nerves pass is called the
10. What term is used for disorders resulting from the Autoimmune diseases
immune system attacking "self" cells?
11. What is the name of the fluid contained within vessels Lymph
of the lymphatic system?
12. trunks; ducts
, Lymphatic pathways begin at the lymphatic capillaries
which empty into lymphatic vessels. From there, flu-
id flows through lymphatic into lymphatic
, eventually emptying into veins in the tho-
rax.
13. The thymus is in the mediastinum behind the ster- True
num. T/F
14. Lymph eventually is returned to the circulation at what Right and left subclavian
blood vessels? veins
15. Name the enzyme that converts HC2O3 to HCO3- and carbonic anhydrase
H+.
16. Activation of what group of proteins in the plasma Complement
leads to inflammation, attraction of phagocytes, and
enhancement of phagocytosis?
17. The two collecting ducts that drain the lymphatic thoracic duct and right
trunks are the lymphatic duct.
18. What type of immunity will result from receiving a Artificially acquired active
vaccination? immunity
19. allograft same species
20. isograft identical twin
21. xenograft ditterent species
22. autograft self
23. IgE
, What class of immunoglobulin is involved in immedi-
ate-reaction allergic reactions?
24. Older red blood cells may be destroyed in the spleen. T
T/F
25. Lymph differs from plasma in that plasma has more protein
than lymph
26. When T or B cells are activated, they proliferate, form- Clone
ing a group of genetically identical cells descending
from the original activated cell. What is the name of
this group of identical cells?
27. Muscle contraction moves lymph through lymphatic True
vessels T/F
28. What is the name of the condition in which there is Anemia
a deficiency in red blood cells or in the amount of
hemoglobin?
29. A person with type A blood can successfully donate A
blood to a person with type blood.
30. What component of blood accounts for the largest Plasma
proportion of the blood volume?
31. Define hemostasis Process that stops bleed-
ing
32. What is the typical life span of a red blood cell? 120 days
33. The biconcave cells in blood that lack nuclei when they red blood cells.
are mature are the
