NR601 Exam 3: Primary Care of the Maturing & Aged Family
Questions and Answers and Explanations | Latest - Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is a primary clinical feature that distinguishes delirium
from dementia?
A. Gradual onset over months to years
B. Relatively stable course throughout the day
C. Acute change in mental status and fluctuating course
D. Intact attention and alertness
Answer: C
Explanation: Delirium is characterized by an acute onset, fluctuating course, and deficits in
attention, whereas dementia is typically gradual and progressive with stable alertness until
late stages.
2. A 78-year-old patient with end-stage heart failure is eligible for hospice. What
is the primary focus of hospice care?
A. Aggressive life-prolonging treatments
B. Comfort and symptom management at the end of life
C. Rehabilitative services to return to baseline
D. Acute hospitalization for exacerbations
Answer: B
,Explanation: Hospice care focuses on palliative management and quality of life for patients
with a terminal prognosis of six months or less, rather than curative or aggressive
treatments.
3. Which part of Medicare covers outpatient services, including primary care
visits and diagnostic tests?
A. Medicare Part A
B. Medicare Part D
C. Medicare Part B
D. Medigap
Answer: C
Explanation: Medicare Part B covers outpatient medical services, physician visits, and
preventive services. Part A covers hospital stays.
4. The Beers Criteria is used by clinicians to identify:
A. Optimal dietary guidelines for seniors
B. Diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s disease
C. Potentially inappropriate medications for older adults
D. Exercise requirements for frail adults
Answer: C
Explanation: The Beers Criteria provides a list of medications that should generally be
avoided or used with caution in the elderly due to increased risk of side effects.
,5. Which of the following is considered an Instrumental Activity of Daily Living
(IADL)?
A. Bathing
B. Managing finances
C. Feeding oneself
D. Transferring from bed to chair
Answer: B
Explanation: IADLs are more complex tasks necessary for independent living, such as
managing finances, shopping, and medication management. Bathing and feeding are basic
ADLs.
6. A patient presents with ‘pill-rolling’ tremor, bradykinesia, and postural
instability. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Essential Tremor
B. Multiple Sclerosis
C. Parkinson’s Disease
D. Vascular Dementia
Answer: C
Explanation: The classic triad of Parkinson’s disease includes resting tremor (pill-rolling),
bradykinesia, and rigidity/postural instability.
, 7. When screening for depression in an older adult, which tool is specifically
validated for this population?
A. PHQ-9
B. MMSE
C. CAGE questionnaire
D. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
Answer: D
Explanation: The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a validated screening tool specifically
designed to assess depression in older adults.
8. What is the first-line pharmacologic treatment for an older adult with newly
diagnosed osteoporosis and no contraindications?
A. Estrogen replacement therapy
B. Calcium supplements alone
C. Oral bisphosphonates
D. Teriparatide
Answer: C
Explanation: Oral bisphosphonates, such as alendronate, are typically the first-line
therapy for osteoporosis to reduce fracture risk.
Questions and Answers and Explanations | Latest - Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is a primary clinical feature that distinguishes delirium
from dementia?
A. Gradual onset over months to years
B. Relatively stable course throughout the day
C. Acute change in mental status and fluctuating course
D. Intact attention and alertness
Answer: C
Explanation: Delirium is characterized by an acute onset, fluctuating course, and deficits in
attention, whereas dementia is typically gradual and progressive with stable alertness until
late stages.
2. A 78-year-old patient with end-stage heart failure is eligible for hospice. What
is the primary focus of hospice care?
A. Aggressive life-prolonging treatments
B. Comfort and symptom management at the end of life
C. Rehabilitative services to return to baseline
D. Acute hospitalization for exacerbations
Answer: B
,Explanation: Hospice care focuses on palliative management and quality of life for patients
with a terminal prognosis of six months or less, rather than curative or aggressive
treatments.
3. Which part of Medicare covers outpatient services, including primary care
visits and diagnostic tests?
A. Medicare Part A
B. Medicare Part D
C. Medicare Part B
D. Medigap
Answer: C
Explanation: Medicare Part B covers outpatient medical services, physician visits, and
preventive services. Part A covers hospital stays.
4. The Beers Criteria is used by clinicians to identify:
A. Optimal dietary guidelines for seniors
B. Diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s disease
C. Potentially inappropriate medications for older adults
D. Exercise requirements for frail adults
Answer: C
Explanation: The Beers Criteria provides a list of medications that should generally be
avoided or used with caution in the elderly due to increased risk of side effects.
,5. Which of the following is considered an Instrumental Activity of Daily Living
(IADL)?
A. Bathing
B. Managing finances
C. Feeding oneself
D. Transferring from bed to chair
Answer: B
Explanation: IADLs are more complex tasks necessary for independent living, such as
managing finances, shopping, and medication management. Bathing and feeding are basic
ADLs.
6. A patient presents with ‘pill-rolling’ tremor, bradykinesia, and postural
instability. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Essential Tremor
B. Multiple Sclerosis
C. Parkinson’s Disease
D. Vascular Dementia
Answer: C
Explanation: The classic triad of Parkinson’s disease includes resting tremor (pill-rolling),
bradykinesia, and rigidity/postural instability.
, 7. When screening for depression in an older adult, which tool is specifically
validated for this population?
A. PHQ-9
B. MMSE
C. CAGE questionnaire
D. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
Answer: D
Explanation: The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a validated screening tool specifically
designed to assess depression in older adults.
8. What is the first-line pharmacologic treatment for an older adult with newly
diagnosed osteoporosis and no contraindications?
A. Estrogen replacement therapy
B. Calcium supplements alone
C. Oral bisphosphonates
D. Teriparatide
Answer: C
Explanation: Oral bisphosphonates, such as alendronate, are typically the first-line
therapy for osteoporosis to reduce fracture risk.
