NR601 Exam 1: Primary Care of the Maturing & Aged Family Practicum
Questions and Answers and Explanations | Latest - Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is considered an Instrumental Activity of Daily Living
(IADL)?
A. Managing finances
B. Dressing
C. Bathing
D. Toileting
Answer: A
Explanation: IADLs include complex tasks like managing finances, shopping, and meal
preparation, whereas ADLs are basic self-care tasks like bathing and dressing.
2. According to the Beers Criteria, which medication class should generally be
avoided in older adults due to the risk of orthostatic hypotension and falls?
A. Proton pump inhibitors
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Statins
D. Alpha-1 blockers
Answer: D
,Explanation: Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., doxazosin) are associated with a high risk of
orthostatic hypotension in the elderly.
3. Which physiological change in the aging cardiovascular system contributes to
an increase in systolic blood pressure?
A. Increased compliance of the aorta
B. Decreased arterial stiffness
C. Increased maximum heart rate
D. Increased arterial stiffness and loss of elasticity
Answer: D
Explanation: Aging causes arterial stiffness and loss of elasticity in the aorta, which leads
to increased peripheral resistance and higher systolic pressure.
4. The ‘SPICES’ acronym is used for overall assessment of older adults. What
does the ‘S’ stand for in the context of sleep?
A. Social support
B. Sensory loss
C. Sleep disorders
D. Sarcopenia
Answer: C
Explanation: SPICES stands for Sleep disorders, Problems with eating/feeding,
Incontinence, Confusion, Evidence of falls, and Skin breakdown.
,5. Which of the following is a key feature of Delirium that distinguishes it from
Dementia?
A. Gradual onset over years
B. Acute onset and fluctuating course
C. Irreversible nature
D. Normal level of consciousness
Answer: B
Explanation: Delirium is characterized by an acute onset, a fluctuating course, and
disturbances in attention and consciousness.
6. In the geriatric population, what is the primary pharmacokinetic change
regarding drug distribution for fat-soluble drugs?
A. Decreased half-life due to less body fat
B. Decreased volume of distribution
C. Faster excretion by the kidneys
D. Increased half-life due to increased proportion of body fat
Answer: D
Explanation: Older adults have a higher percentage of body fat, which increases the
volume of distribution and half-life for fat-soluble drugs like diazepam.
, 7. Which screening tool is most appropriate for a quick initial assessment of
cognitive impairment in a busy primary care setting?
A. Mini-Cog
B. Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE)
C. PHQ-9
D. Katz Index
Answer: A
Explanation: The Mini-Cog (3-item recall and clock drawing) is rapid and effective for
screening cognitive impairment.
8. Which of the following describes ‘presbycusis’ in the elderly?
A. Loss of low-frequency sound perception
B. Sensorineural high-frequency hearing loss
C. Conductive hearing loss due to wax
D. Inner ear infection
Answer: B
Explanation: Presbycusis is age-related sensorineural hearing loss, typically affecting
high-frequency sounds symmetrically.
Questions and Answers and Explanations | Latest - Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is considered an Instrumental Activity of Daily Living
(IADL)?
A. Managing finances
B. Dressing
C. Bathing
D. Toileting
Answer: A
Explanation: IADLs include complex tasks like managing finances, shopping, and meal
preparation, whereas ADLs are basic self-care tasks like bathing and dressing.
2. According to the Beers Criteria, which medication class should generally be
avoided in older adults due to the risk of orthostatic hypotension and falls?
A. Proton pump inhibitors
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Statins
D. Alpha-1 blockers
Answer: D
,Explanation: Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., doxazosin) are associated with a high risk of
orthostatic hypotension in the elderly.
3. Which physiological change in the aging cardiovascular system contributes to
an increase in systolic blood pressure?
A. Increased compliance of the aorta
B. Decreased arterial stiffness
C. Increased maximum heart rate
D. Increased arterial stiffness and loss of elasticity
Answer: D
Explanation: Aging causes arterial stiffness and loss of elasticity in the aorta, which leads
to increased peripheral resistance and higher systolic pressure.
4. The ‘SPICES’ acronym is used for overall assessment of older adults. What
does the ‘S’ stand for in the context of sleep?
A. Social support
B. Sensory loss
C. Sleep disorders
D. Sarcopenia
Answer: C
Explanation: SPICES stands for Sleep disorders, Problems with eating/feeding,
Incontinence, Confusion, Evidence of falls, and Skin breakdown.
,5. Which of the following is a key feature of Delirium that distinguishes it from
Dementia?
A. Gradual onset over years
B. Acute onset and fluctuating course
C. Irreversible nature
D. Normal level of consciousness
Answer: B
Explanation: Delirium is characterized by an acute onset, a fluctuating course, and
disturbances in attention and consciousness.
6. In the geriatric population, what is the primary pharmacokinetic change
regarding drug distribution for fat-soluble drugs?
A. Decreased half-life due to less body fat
B. Decreased volume of distribution
C. Faster excretion by the kidneys
D. Increased half-life due to increased proportion of body fat
Answer: D
Explanation: Older adults have a higher percentage of body fat, which increases the
volume of distribution and half-life for fat-soluble drugs like diazepam.
, 7. Which screening tool is most appropriate for a quick initial assessment of
cognitive impairment in a busy primary care setting?
A. Mini-Cog
B. Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE)
C. PHQ-9
D. Katz Index
Answer: A
Explanation: The Mini-Cog (3-item recall and clock drawing) is rapid and effective for
screening cognitive impairment.
8. Which of the following describes ‘presbycusis’ in the elderly?
A. Loss of low-frequency sound perception
B. Sensorineural high-frequency hearing loss
C. Conductive hearing loss due to wax
D. Inner ear infection
Answer: B
Explanation: Presbycusis is age-related sensorineural hearing loss, typically affecting
high-frequency sounds symmetrically.
