NU 155 EXAM 2
[Document subtitle]
[DATE]
[COMPANY NAME]
[Company address]
, Certainly! Here are all the questions and answers numbered for you:
1. **Pleurisy/ pleuritis:** inflammation of the pleura
**Causes:** infection, medications, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis
**Signs/Symptoms:** sharp, abrupt onset, most evident on inspiration, shallow breathing,
pleural friction rub
**Treatment:** splint affected side during coughing for relief, intercostal nerve block for
severe pleuritic pain
2. **Vesicular breath sounds:**
- Heard in the 6th intercostal space over lung tissue
- Sounds low medium pitched, soft whooshing 2-3x length of expiration
3. **Bronchovesicular breath sounds:**
- Heard in main-stem bronchi, below clavicles, beside sternum, posteriorly, between
scapulae
- Sounds like moderate high pitches, hollow muffled
- Equal sounds on inspiration and expiration
4. **Bronchial breath sounds:**
- Heard over trachea above sternal notch (often indicate atelectasis)
- Sounds high pitched, loud harsh tubular quality, inspiration half as long as expiration
5. **COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease):**
- **Patho:** combo of chronic bronchitis, asthma, emphysema
- **Causes:** tobacco smoke (90%), occupational hazards like farming, biomass fuels,
firefighters
- **Diagnosis:** chest X-ray, EKG, labs like high hematocrit, ABG
- **Signs/Symptoms:** dyspnea, barrel chest, polycythemia, hypercapnia, cough in the
morning
[Document subtitle]
[DATE]
[COMPANY NAME]
[Company address]
, Certainly! Here are all the questions and answers numbered for you:
1. **Pleurisy/ pleuritis:** inflammation of the pleura
**Causes:** infection, medications, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis
**Signs/Symptoms:** sharp, abrupt onset, most evident on inspiration, shallow breathing,
pleural friction rub
**Treatment:** splint affected side during coughing for relief, intercostal nerve block for
severe pleuritic pain
2. **Vesicular breath sounds:**
- Heard in the 6th intercostal space over lung tissue
- Sounds low medium pitched, soft whooshing 2-3x length of expiration
3. **Bronchovesicular breath sounds:**
- Heard in main-stem bronchi, below clavicles, beside sternum, posteriorly, between
scapulae
- Sounds like moderate high pitches, hollow muffled
- Equal sounds on inspiration and expiration
4. **Bronchial breath sounds:**
- Heard over trachea above sternal notch (often indicate atelectasis)
- Sounds high pitched, loud harsh tubular quality, inspiration half as long as expiration
5. **COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease):**
- **Patho:** combo of chronic bronchitis, asthma, emphysema
- **Causes:** tobacco smoke (90%), occupational hazards like farming, biomass fuels,
firefighters
- **Diagnosis:** chest X-ray, EKG, labs like high hematocrit, ABG
- **Signs/Symptoms:** dyspnea, barrel chest, polycythemia, hypercapnia, cough in the
morning
