NU 155 EXAM 2: MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING I 2026 |
Galen College of Nursing | Verified Questions & Detailed
Rationales | Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
Section 1: Health Promotion & Illness Models (12 Questions)
Q1
A 45-year-old patient with a family history of diabetes states, "I know I should exercise
more, but I don't think I'll actually get diabetes since I feel fine right now." According to
the Health Belief Model, which concept is this patient demonstrating?
A. Perceived susceptibility [CORRECT]
B. Perceived benefits
C. Self-efficacy
D. Cues to action
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Health Belief Model identifies six key concepts that influence health
behaviors. Perceived susceptibility refers to an individual's belief about their likelihood
of acquiring a disease or condition. This patient is demonstrating low perceived
susceptibility by believing they won't develop diabetes despite having risk factors.
Perceived benefits (B) refers to believing a behavior will reduce the threat, which the
,patient has not expressed. Self-efficacy (C) is confidence in one's ability to perform a
behavior, not mentioned here. Cues to action (D) are triggers that prompt behavior
change (e.g., symptoms, media campaigns). The patient's statement reflects a cognitive
barrier to action rooted in underestimating personal risk.
Q2
A community health nurse is implementing a screening program for hypertension at a
local church. According to the levels of prevention, this intervention represents:
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention [CORRECT]
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Health promotion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt treatment of
disease to prevent progression and complications. Hypertension screening identifies
asymptomatic individuals with elevated blood pressure before organ damage occurs.
Primary prevention (A) aims to prevent disease before it occurs (e.g., vaccination,
smoking cessation). Tertiary prevention (C) focuses on rehabilitation and preventing
further complications in those with established disease (e.g., cardiac rehabilitation
post-MI). While screening promotes health, it specifically represents secondary
prevention because it targets early disease detection rather than preventing initial
disease occurrence.
,Q3
Which characteristic distinguishes acute illness from chronic illness?
A. Acute illness has a rapid onset and short duration [CORRECT]
B. Acute illness requires lifelong management
C. Chronic illness always has reversible pathology
D. Chronic illness never requires hospitalization
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute illness is characterized by rapid onset, distinct symptoms, and
relatively short duration (days to weeks), with expected return to previous level of
functioning (e.g., appendicitis, influenza). Chronic illness (B, C, D) requires ongoing
management over months to years, often involves irreversible pathological changes,
and may necessitate periodic hospitalization for exacerbations (e.g., diabetes mellitus,
heart failure). The key distinction is temporal: acute conditions are time-limited while
chronic conditions persist indefinitely.
Q4
According to Pender's Health Promotion Model, which factor is considered a
behavior-specific cognition that directly influences health-promoting behavior?
, A. Age and gender
B. Perceived self-efficacy [CORRECT]
C. Prior related behavior
D. Situational influences
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pender's Health Promotion Model identifies behavior-specific cognitions and
affect as the most significant direct predictors of health-promoting behavior. Perceived
self-efficacy—belief in one's capability to execute a specific behavior—is a core
behavior-specific cognition. Age and gender (A) are individual characteristics that
influence behavior indirectly. Prior related behavior (C) and situational influences (D) are
modifying factors that affect behavior indirectly through the behavior-specific
cognitions. The model emphasizes that self-efficacy directly determines whether an
individual will initiate and maintain health-promoting actions.
Q5
A patient diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis 10 years ago is learning joint protection
techniques and energy conservation strategies. This represents which stage of the
Stages of Illness Model?
A. Stage 1: Symptom experience
B. Stage 2: Assumption of the sick role
C. Stage 3: Medical care contact
Galen College of Nursing | Verified Questions & Detailed
Rationales | Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
Section 1: Health Promotion & Illness Models (12 Questions)
Q1
A 45-year-old patient with a family history of diabetes states, "I know I should exercise
more, but I don't think I'll actually get diabetes since I feel fine right now." According to
the Health Belief Model, which concept is this patient demonstrating?
A. Perceived susceptibility [CORRECT]
B. Perceived benefits
C. Self-efficacy
D. Cues to action
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Health Belief Model identifies six key concepts that influence health
behaviors. Perceived susceptibility refers to an individual's belief about their likelihood
of acquiring a disease or condition. This patient is demonstrating low perceived
susceptibility by believing they won't develop diabetes despite having risk factors.
Perceived benefits (B) refers to believing a behavior will reduce the threat, which the
,patient has not expressed. Self-efficacy (C) is confidence in one's ability to perform a
behavior, not mentioned here. Cues to action (D) are triggers that prompt behavior
change (e.g., symptoms, media campaigns). The patient's statement reflects a cognitive
barrier to action rooted in underestimating personal risk.
Q2
A community health nurse is implementing a screening program for hypertension at a
local church. According to the levels of prevention, this intervention represents:
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention [CORRECT]
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Health promotion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt treatment of
disease to prevent progression and complications. Hypertension screening identifies
asymptomatic individuals with elevated blood pressure before organ damage occurs.
Primary prevention (A) aims to prevent disease before it occurs (e.g., vaccination,
smoking cessation). Tertiary prevention (C) focuses on rehabilitation and preventing
further complications in those with established disease (e.g., cardiac rehabilitation
post-MI). While screening promotes health, it specifically represents secondary
prevention because it targets early disease detection rather than preventing initial
disease occurrence.
,Q3
Which characteristic distinguishes acute illness from chronic illness?
A. Acute illness has a rapid onset and short duration [CORRECT]
B. Acute illness requires lifelong management
C. Chronic illness always has reversible pathology
D. Chronic illness never requires hospitalization
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute illness is characterized by rapid onset, distinct symptoms, and
relatively short duration (days to weeks), with expected return to previous level of
functioning (e.g., appendicitis, influenza). Chronic illness (B, C, D) requires ongoing
management over months to years, often involves irreversible pathological changes,
and may necessitate periodic hospitalization for exacerbations (e.g., diabetes mellitus,
heart failure). The key distinction is temporal: acute conditions are time-limited while
chronic conditions persist indefinitely.
Q4
According to Pender's Health Promotion Model, which factor is considered a
behavior-specific cognition that directly influences health-promoting behavior?
, A. Age and gender
B. Perceived self-efficacy [CORRECT]
C. Prior related behavior
D. Situational influences
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pender's Health Promotion Model identifies behavior-specific cognitions and
affect as the most significant direct predictors of health-promoting behavior. Perceived
self-efficacy—belief in one's capability to execute a specific behavior—is a core
behavior-specific cognition. Age and gender (A) are individual characteristics that
influence behavior indirectly. Prior related behavior (C) and situational influences (D) are
modifying factors that affect behavior indirectly through the behavior-specific
cognitions. The model emphasizes that self-efficacy directly determines whether an
individual will initiate and maintain health-promoting actions.
Q5
A patient diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis 10 years ago is learning joint protection
techniques and energy conservation strategies. This represents which stage of the
Stages of Illness Model?
A. Stage 1: Symptom experience
B. Stage 2: Assumption of the sick role
C. Stage 3: Medical care contact
