NURS 615 EXAM 2
PHARMACOLOGY AND
ANTIBIOTICS
What should patients taking clindamycin be monitored for? -
ANSWERS-Symptoms of Clostridium difficile infection.
What are the antibiotics that target DNA and replication? -
ANSWERS-Sulfa drugs, Fluoroquinolones, Metronidazole.
What is the mechanism of action of sulfa drugs? - ANSWERS-
Inhibits folic acid synthesis, which is essential for bacterial DNA
replication.
What is the spectrum of coverage for Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
(TMP-SMX, Bactrim)? - ANSWERS-Covers Gram positive, Gram
negative, and MRSA.
Which fluoroquinolone is more effective against Gram positive
bacteria? - ANSWERS-Levofloxacin.
Which fluoroquinolone is more effective against Gram negative
bacteria? - ANSWERS-Ciprofloxacin.
, What are the adverse effects of fluoroquinolones? - ANSWERS-High
risk for tendon rupture, QT prolongation, and should not be used in
children or pregnant women.
What are the basic principles for treating tuberculosis? - ANSWERS-
Use multiple drugs to which Mycobacterium tuberculosis is
susceptible, taken regularly and long enough to resolve the illness.
What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid (INH)? - ANSWERS-
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis.
What are the adverse effects of Isoniazid (INH)? - ANSWERS-Liver
toxicity, especially in people over 50, and peripheral neuropathy.
What is the mechanism of action of Ethambutol? - ANSWERS-
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis.
What are the symptoms of optic neuritis caused by Ethambutol? -
ANSWERS-Blurred vision, decreased peripheral vision, and color
blindness.
What is the mechanism of action of Rifampin? - ANSWERS-Blocks
bacterial protein production.
What are the common adverse effects of Rifampin? - ANSWERS-
Nausea/vomiting and red-orange discoloration of urine, saliva, and
tears.
PHARMACOLOGY AND
ANTIBIOTICS
What should patients taking clindamycin be monitored for? -
ANSWERS-Symptoms of Clostridium difficile infection.
What are the antibiotics that target DNA and replication? -
ANSWERS-Sulfa drugs, Fluoroquinolones, Metronidazole.
What is the mechanism of action of sulfa drugs? - ANSWERS-
Inhibits folic acid synthesis, which is essential for bacterial DNA
replication.
What is the spectrum of coverage for Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
(TMP-SMX, Bactrim)? - ANSWERS-Covers Gram positive, Gram
negative, and MRSA.
Which fluoroquinolone is more effective against Gram positive
bacteria? - ANSWERS-Levofloxacin.
Which fluoroquinolone is more effective against Gram negative
bacteria? - ANSWERS-Ciprofloxacin.
, What are the adverse effects of fluoroquinolones? - ANSWERS-High
risk for tendon rupture, QT prolongation, and should not be used in
children or pregnant women.
What are the basic principles for treating tuberculosis? - ANSWERS-
Use multiple drugs to which Mycobacterium tuberculosis is
susceptible, taken regularly and long enough to resolve the illness.
What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid (INH)? - ANSWERS-
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis.
What are the adverse effects of Isoniazid (INH)? - ANSWERS-Liver
toxicity, especially in people over 50, and peripheral neuropathy.
What is the mechanism of action of Ethambutol? - ANSWERS-
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis.
What are the symptoms of optic neuritis caused by Ethambutol? -
ANSWERS-Blurred vision, decreased peripheral vision, and color
blindness.
What is the mechanism of action of Rifampin? - ANSWERS-Blocks
bacterial protein production.
What are the common adverse effects of Rifampin? - ANSWERS-
Nausea/vomiting and red-orange discoloration of urine, saliva, and
tears.
