Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process
Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58 Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58
NEW UPDATE 2026 NEW UPDATE 2026
Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Patient-Centered Care c. Generate solutions (planning)
McCuistion: Pharmacology: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach, 11thEdition d. Take action (nursing interventions)
ANS: D
MULTIPLE CHOICE Taking action through nursing interventions is where the nurse provides patient health
teaching,drug administration, patient care, and other interventions necessary to assist the
1. All of the following would be considered subjective data, EXCEPT: patient in accomplishing expected outcomes.
a. Patient-reported health history
b. Patient-reported signs and symptoms of their illness DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
c. Financial barriers reported by the patient’s caregiver. (Comprehension)TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing
d. Vital signs obtained from the medical record. Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
ANS: D.
Subjective data is based on what patients or family members communicate to the nurse. 4. The nurse is preparing to administer a medication and reviews the patient’s chart for
Patient-reported health history, signs and symptoms, and caregiver reportedfinancial drug allergies, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. The nurse’s
barriers would be considered subjective data. Vital signs obtained from themedical record actions arereflective of which of the following?
would be considered objective data. a. Recognizing cues (assessment)
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis)
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: c. Take action (nursing interventions)
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care d. Generate solutions (planning)
2. The nurse is using data collected to define a set of interventions to achieve the most ANS: A
desirableoutcomes. Which of the following steps is the nurse applying? Recognizing cues (assessment) involves gathering subjective and objective informationabout
a. Recognizing cues (assessment) thepatient and the medication. Laboratory values from the patient’s chart would be
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis) considered collection of objective data.
c. Generate solutions (planning)
d. Take action (nursing interventions) DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
ANS: C
When generating solutions (planning), the nurse identifies expected outcomes and usesthe 5. Which of the following would be correctly categorized as objective data?
patient’s problem(s) to define a set of interventions to achieve the most desirable outcomes. a. A list of herbal supplements regularly used provided by the patient.
Recognizing cues (assessment) involves the gathering of cues (information) from the patient b. Lab values associated with the drugs the patient is taking.
about their health and lifestyle practices, which are important facts that aid the nurse in c. The ages and relationship of all household members to the patient.
d. Usual dietary patterns and food intake.
making clinical care decisions. Prioritizing hypothesis is used to organize and rank the patient
problem(s)identified. Finally, taking action involves implementation of nursing interventions to ANS: B
accomplish the expected outcomes. Objective data are measured and detected by another person and would include labvalues.
Theother examples are subjective data.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
(Comprehension)TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
Intervention TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
6. The nurse reviews a patient’s database and learns that the patient lives alone, is forgetful,
3. A 5-year-old child with type 1 diabetes mellitus has had repeated hospitalizations for and does not have an established routine. The patient will be sent home withthree new
episodes ofhyperglycemia. The parents tell the nurse that they can’t keep track of everything medications to be taken at different times of the day. The nurse develops a daily medication
that has to be done to care for their child. The nurse reviews medications, diet, and symptom chart and enlistsa family member to put the patient’s pills in a pill organizer. This is an
management withthe parents and draws up a daily checklist for thefamily to use. These example of which element of the nursing process?
activities are completed inwhich step of the nursing process? a. Recognizing cues (assessment)
a. Recognizing cues (assessment) b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis)
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis) c. Take action (nursing interventions)
,Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process
Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58 Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58
NEW UPDATE 2026 NEW UPDATE 2026
d. Generate solutions (planning) b. It is not measurable.
c. It is not patient-centered.
ANS: C
d. It is not realistic.
Taking action (nursing interventions) involves education and patient care in order toassist
thepatient to accomplish the goals of treatment. ANS: D
The expected outcome is not realistic because the patient is not usually on room airand
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying shouldnot be expected to attain that expected outcome by discharge from this
(Application)TOP: Nursing Process: hospitalization.
Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX:
Management of Client Care DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process:
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
7. A patient who is hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) wantsto go
home. The nurse and the patient discuss the patient’s situation and decide that the patient 10. The nurse is developing a teaching plan for an elderly patient who will begin taking an
may gohome when able to perform self-care without dyspnea and hypoxia.This is an example antihypertensive drug that causes dizziness and orthostatic hypotension. Which
of which phase of the nursing process? hypothesis(problem) documented by the nurse is appropriatefor this patient?
a. Recognizing cues (assessment) a. Deficient knowledge related to drug side effects.
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis) b. Ineffective health maintenance related to age.
c. Take action (nursing interventions) c. Readiness for enhanced knowledge related to medication side effects.
d. Generate solutions (planning) d. Risk for injury related to side effects of the medication.
ANS: D ANS: D
Generating solutions (planning) involves defining a set of interventions to achieve the This patient has an increased risk for injury because of drug side effects, so this is an
most desirable outcomes, which, for this patient, means being able to perform self-care appropriatehypothesis (problem) to direct the type of care and follow-up the patient willreceive.
activitieswithout dyspnea and hypoxia.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: PlanningMSC: NCLEX: (Application)TOP: Nursing Process:
Management of Client Care Nursing Diagnosis MSC: NCLEX:
Management of Client Care
8. A patient will be sent home with a metered-dose inhaler, and the nurse is providing
teaching.Which is a correctly written expected outcome for this process? 11. An older patient must learn to administer a medication using a device that requires
a. The nurse will demonstrate the correct use of a metered-dose inhaler to the patient. manual dexterity. The patient becomes frustrated and expresses lack of self- confidence
b. The nurse will teach the patient how to administer medication with a in performingthis task. Which action will the nurse perform next?
metered-doseinhaler. a. Ask the patient to keep trying until the skill is learned.
c. The patient will know how to self-administer the medication using the b. Provide written instructions with illustrations showing each step of the skill.
metered-dose inhaler. c. Schedule multiple sessions and practice each step separately.
d. The patient will independently administer the medication using the d. Teach the procedure to family members who can administer the
metered-doseinhaler at the end of the session. medication for thepatient.
ANS: D ANS: C
Expected outcomes must be patient-centered and clearly state the outcome with a Nurses should be sensitive to patient’s level of frustration when teaching skills. In this
reasonabledeadline and should identify components for evaluation. case,breaking the steps down into individual parts will help with this patient’s
frustration level.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process:
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process:
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
9. The nurse is generating solutions (planning) for a patient who has chronic lung diseaseand
hypoxia. The patient has been admitted for increased oxygen needs above a baseline of 2 12. A school-age child will begin taking a medication to be administered at 5 mL three timesdaily.
L/min.The nurse generates an expected outcomes stating, “The patient will have oxygen The child’s parent tells the nurse that, with a previous use of the drug, the child repeatedly
saturations of forgotto bring the medication home from school, resulting in missed evening doses. What will
>95% on room air at the time of discharge from the hospital.” What is wrong with this goal? the nurse recommend?
a. It cannot be evaluated. a. Encourage the child to be more responsible and that it is important totake
themedication as prescribed.
,Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process
Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58 Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58
NEW UPDATE 2026 NEW UPDATE 2026
b. Putting a note on the child’s locker to encourage the child to take All indications are that this patient is taking the medications and they are not effective. The first
responsibility formedication administration. statement is correct because it identifies a measurable desired outcome and a specifictime frame.
c. Asking the provider if 7.5 mL may be taken in the morning and 7.5 mLmay
betaken in the evening so that the correct amount is given daily. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process:
d. Taking the noon dose to school every day and giving it to the schoolnurse EvaluationMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
toadminister.
15. Which of the following would not be considered an important element of health teachingin
ANS: C drugtherapy?
For busy families with school-age children, it may be necessary to adjust the medication a. Assess the patients’ health literacy skills.
schedule to one that fits their schedule. The nurse should ask the provider ifa revised schedule b. Assess all of the drugs on the patients’ profile for possible drug interactions.
ispossible. In this case, the most effective revised schedule would involve not taking the c. Avoid discussing potential side effects and adverse reactions with the
medication while at school. Putting a note on the locker is not likely to be effective. It is not patient toavoid nonadherence.
correct to adjust the dose. d. Determine if the patient needs laboratory monitoring.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) ANS: C
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention | Nursing Process: Potential side effects and adverse reactions should always be discussed with the patient
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care so they know what to report to their health care team should they occur. Allother factors
considerationslisted are important elements of health teaching.
13. A high-school student regularly forgets to use a twice-daily inhaled corticosteroid to prevent
asthma flares and is repeatedly admitted to the hospital. The child’s parent tellsthe nurse that DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
thechild has been told that forgetting to take the medication causes frequent hospitalizations. TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment | Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention
The nurse will MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological andParenteral Therapies
a. encourage the child to take responsibility for taking the medication. Chapter 02: Drug Development and Ethical Considerations
b. reinforce the need to take prescribed medications to avoid hospitalizations. McCuistion: Pharmacology: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach, 11thEdition
c. suggest putting the inhaler with the child’s toothbrush to use before brushing teeth.
d. suggest that the child’s parents administer the medication to increase compliance.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
ANS: C
It is important to empower patients to take responsibility for managing medications. Putting
1. The nurse is obtaining consent from a subject newly recruited for a clinical drug trial thatwill
the medication with the toothbrush can help this child remember to use it. Tellingthe child to
last for 6 months. All subjects will be given gift certificates for participating. One subject says,
take medications and reminding the child that failure to do so results in hospitalization is not
“Well, I guess if the drug doesn’t work, I’ll just have to put up with the symptoms for 6
working.Asking the child’s parents to administer the medication does not empower the
months.”What will the nurse tell the subject?
adolescent to take responsibility. a. “Participation for the duration of the study is required.”
b. “Participation may end at any time without penalty.”
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
c. “Withdrawal from the study may end at any time, but the gift certificate willnot
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning | Nursing Process: NursingInterventionMSC:
NCLEX: Management of Client Care begiven.”
d. “You can request placement in the treatment group.”
14. An adolescent patient who has acne is given a regimen of topical medications and an oral ANS: B
antibiotic that generally clears up lesions to fewer than 10 within 6 to 8 weeks. At a2-month All participants have the right to autonomy, which is the right to self-determination.
follow-up, the patient continues to have more than 25 lesions. The child’s parent affirms that Patients have the right to refuse to participate or to withdraw from a study at any time
thechild is using the medications as prescribed. Which statement below is correct for this without penalty.Patients generally are not allowed to choose participation in either the
patient toevaluate the outcome? treatment or the controlgroup.
a. “Goal of fewer than 10 lesions in 6 to 8 weeks is not met.”
b. “Goal that the medication will be effective is not met.” DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
c. “Goal that the patient will take medications as prescribed is not met.” (Comprehension)TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing
d. “Goal that the patient understands the medication regimen is not met.” Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
ANS: A
, Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process
Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58 Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58
NEW UPDATE 2026 NEW UPDATE 2026
2. The nurse is assisting with a clinical drug trial in which the side effects of two effective drugs 5. The nurse is enrolling subjects for a double-blind experimental study. One patient asksthe
arebeing compared. A patient who would benefit from either drug has elected to withdraw nurseto explain the role of the experimental group. The nurse will explain that subjects in the
from the study, and the nurse assists with the paperwork to facilitate this. Thisis an example of experimental group in this type of study
a. autonomy. a. are selected for participation in that group.
b. beneficence. b. have unique baseline characteristics.
c. justice. c. receive a placebo.
d. veracity. d. receive the experimental treatment being evaluated.
ANS: A ANS: D
All participants have the right to autonomy, which is the right to self-determination. In a double-blind experimental study, subjects in the experimental group receive the
Patients have the right to refuse to participate or to withdraw from a study at any time treatment ordrug under study. They are randomly assigned and not selected. They should
without penaltyeven if the health care provider disagrees with that choice. have similar baseline characteristics to those in the control group. They do notreceive a
placebo.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process:
N/AMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)TOP:
Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient TeachingMSC:
3. During a clinical drug trial for a new medication, researchers note a previously unknown NCLEX: Management of Client Care
serious adverse effect occurring in more than 50% of subjects. The study is discontinued.
Which ethicalprinciple is being exercised? 6. The nurse is obtaining signatures on consent forms for participation in a clinical drug trial.
a. Beneficence Onepatient says, “I’m not sure I want to do this, but I need the cash.” The nurse will take
b. Justice which action?
c. Respect for persons a. Ask the patient to clarify concerns.
d. Veracity b. Reinforce that cash is given to all subjects equally.
c. Report this statement to the lead investigator.
ANS: A d. Review the elements of the study and obtain consent.
Beneficence is the duty to protect subjects from harm. Once a serious adverse effect isnoted
andit is determined that the benefits do not outweigh the risks of the study, researchers have ANS: C
an ethical obligation to stop the study. If a nurse suspects that a patient is being coerced to participate in the study, the nurse
shouldreport this to the principal investigator. When a patient verbalizes participation
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: based on a financial reward, there is a potential element of coercion.
N/AMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying
4. In a 5-year clinical trial investigating a new cancer treatment, researchers note (Application)TOP: Nursing Process:
overwhelming improvement in almost all of the subjects in the treatment group during the Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX:
second year of thetrial. It is decided to stop the trial early and report the findings due to the Management of Client Care
overwhelmingly beneficial effects. This decision was made basedon which ethical principle?
a. Beneficence 7. Which of the following best describes preclinical in vivo testing?
b. Justice a. A comparison of experimental and control data in animals.
c. Respect for persons b. A study conducted in a test tube in a laboratory.
d. Veracity c. A study that determines the effects of the experimental product in
humanparticipants.
ANS: B d. A study to assess the seriousness of the disease to be treated.
The principle of justice requires that all people be treated fairly. Because the findings
wereoverwhelmingly positive, an ethical decision was made to stop thestudy early and ANS: A
Preclinical in vivo testing is performed in animals or other non-human living organisms.In
report findings so that additional people could gain benefit fromthe treatment.
vitrostudies occur in test tubes. Safe therapeutic dose studies are part of clinical research.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Prior to clinical trials, an assessment is made of the disease and its seriousness.
N/AMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process:
N/AMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58 Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58
NEW UPDATE 2026 NEW UPDATE 2026
Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Patient-Centered Care c. Generate solutions (planning)
McCuistion: Pharmacology: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach, 11thEdition d. Take action (nursing interventions)
ANS: D
MULTIPLE CHOICE Taking action through nursing interventions is where the nurse provides patient health
teaching,drug administration, patient care, and other interventions necessary to assist the
1. All of the following would be considered subjective data, EXCEPT: patient in accomplishing expected outcomes.
a. Patient-reported health history
b. Patient-reported signs and symptoms of their illness DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
c. Financial barriers reported by the patient’s caregiver. (Comprehension)TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing
d. Vital signs obtained from the medical record. Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
ANS: D.
Subjective data is based on what patients or family members communicate to the nurse. 4. The nurse is preparing to administer a medication and reviews the patient’s chart for
Patient-reported health history, signs and symptoms, and caregiver reportedfinancial drug allergies, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. The nurse’s
barriers would be considered subjective data. Vital signs obtained from themedical record actions arereflective of which of the following?
would be considered objective data. a. Recognizing cues (assessment)
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis)
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: c. Take action (nursing interventions)
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care d. Generate solutions (planning)
2. The nurse is using data collected to define a set of interventions to achieve the most ANS: A
desirableoutcomes. Which of the following steps is the nurse applying? Recognizing cues (assessment) involves gathering subjective and objective informationabout
a. Recognizing cues (assessment) thepatient and the medication. Laboratory values from the patient’s chart would be
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis) considered collection of objective data.
c. Generate solutions (planning)
d. Take action (nursing interventions) DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
ANS: C
When generating solutions (planning), the nurse identifies expected outcomes and usesthe 5. Which of the following would be correctly categorized as objective data?
patient’s problem(s) to define a set of interventions to achieve the most desirable outcomes. a. A list of herbal supplements regularly used provided by the patient.
Recognizing cues (assessment) involves the gathering of cues (information) from the patient b. Lab values associated with the drugs the patient is taking.
about their health and lifestyle practices, which are important facts that aid the nurse in c. The ages and relationship of all household members to the patient.
d. Usual dietary patterns and food intake.
making clinical care decisions. Prioritizing hypothesis is used to organize and rank the patient
problem(s)identified. Finally, taking action involves implementation of nursing interventions to ANS: B
accomplish the expected outcomes. Objective data are measured and detected by another person and would include labvalues.
Theother examples are subjective data.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
(Comprehension)TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)
Intervention TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
6. The nurse reviews a patient’s database and learns that the patient lives alone, is forgetful,
3. A 5-year-old child with type 1 diabetes mellitus has had repeated hospitalizations for and does not have an established routine. The patient will be sent home withthree new
episodes ofhyperglycemia. The parents tell the nurse that they can’t keep track of everything medications to be taken at different times of the day. The nurse develops a daily medication
that has to be done to care for their child. The nurse reviews medications, diet, and symptom chart and enlistsa family member to put the patient’s pills in a pill organizer. This is an
management withthe parents and draws up a daily checklist for thefamily to use. These example of which element of the nursing process?
activities are completed inwhich step of the nursing process? a. Recognizing cues (assessment)
a. Recognizing cues (assessment) b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis)
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis) c. Take action (nursing interventions)
,Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process
Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58 Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58
NEW UPDATE 2026 NEW UPDATE 2026
d. Generate solutions (planning) b. It is not measurable.
c. It is not patient-centered.
ANS: C
d. It is not realistic.
Taking action (nursing interventions) involves education and patient care in order toassist
thepatient to accomplish the goals of treatment. ANS: D
The expected outcome is not realistic because the patient is not usually on room airand
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying shouldnot be expected to attain that expected outcome by discharge from this
(Application)TOP: Nursing Process: hospitalization.
Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX:
Management of Client Care DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process:
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
7. A patient who is hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) wantsto go
home. The nurse and the patient discuss the patient’s situation and decide that the patient 10. The nurse is developing a teaching plan for an elderly patient who will begin taking an
may gohome when able to perform self-care without dyspnea and hypoxia.This is an example antihypertensive drug that causes dizziness and orthostatic hypotension. Which
of which phase of the nursing process? hypothesis(problem) documented by the nurse is appropriatefor this patient?
a. Recognizing cues (assessment) a. Deficient knowledge related to drug side effects.
b. Analyze cues & prioritize hypothesis (analysis) b. Ineffective health maintenance related to age.
c. Take action (nursing interventions) c. Readiness for enhanced knowledge related to medication side effects.
d. Generate solutions (planning) d. Risk for injury related to side effects of the medication.
ANS: D ANS: D
Generating solutions (planning) involves defining a set of interventions to achieve the This patient has an increased risk for injury because of drug side effects, so this is an
most desirable outcomes, which, for this patient, means being able to perform self-care appropriatehypothesis (problem) to direct the type of care and follow-up the patient willreceive.
activitieswithout dyspnea and hypoxia.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: PlanningMSC: NCLEX: (Application)TOP: Nursing Process:
Management of Client Care Nursing Diagnosis MSC: NCLEX:
Management of Client Care
8. A patient will be sent home with a metered-dose inhaler, and the nurse is providing
teaching.Which is a correctly written expected outcome for this process? 11. An older patient must learn to administer a medication using a device that requires
a. The nurse will demonstrate the correct use of a metered-dose inhaler to the patient. manual dexterity. The patient becomes frustrated and expresses lack of self- confidence
b. The nurse will teach the patient how to administer medication with a in performingthis task. Which action will the nurse perform next?
metered-doseinhaler. a. Ask the patient to keep trying until the skill is learned.
c. The patient will know how to self-administer the medication using the b. Provide written instructions with illustrations showing each step of the skill.
metered-dose inhaler. c. Schedule multiple sessions and practice each step separately.
d. The patient will independently administer the medication using the d. Teach the procedure to family members who can administer the
metered-doseinhaler at the end of the session. medication for thepatient.
ANS: D ANS: C
Expected outcomes must be patient-centered and clearly state the outcome with a Nurses should be sensitive to patient’s level of frustration when teaching skills. In this
reasonabledeadline and should identify components for evaluation. case,breaking the steps down into individual parts will help with this patient’s
frustration level.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process:
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process:
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
9. The nurse is generating solutions (planning) for a patient who has chronic lung diseaseand
hypoxia. The patient has been admitted for increased oxygen needs above a baseline of 2 12. A school-age child will begin taking a medication to be administered at 5 mL three timesdaily.
L/min.The nurse generates an expected outcomes stating, “The patient will have oxygen The child’s parent tells the nurse that, with a previous use of the drug, the child repeatedly
saturations of forgotto bring the medication home from school, resulting in missed evening doses. What will
>95% on room air at the time of discharge from the hospital.” What is wrong with this goal? the nurse recommend?
a. It cannot be evaluated. a. Encourage the child to be more responsible and that it is important totake
themedication as prescribed.
,Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process
Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58 Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58
NEW UPDATE 2026 NEW UPDATE 2026
b. Putting a note on the child’s locker to encourage the child to take All indications are that this patient is taking the medications and they are not effective. The first
responsibility formedication administration. statement is correct because it identifies a measurable desired outcome and a specifictime frame.
c. Asking the provider if 7.5 mL may be taken in the morning and 7.5 mLmay
betaken in the evening so that the correct amount is given daily. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) TOP: Nursing Process:
d. Taking the noon dose to school every day and giving it to the schoolnurse EvaluationMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
toadminister.
15. Which of the following would not be considered an important element of health teachingin
ANS: C drugtherapy?
For busy families with school-age children, it may be necessary to adjust the medication a. Assess the patients’ health literacy skills.
schedule to one that fits their schedule. The nurse should ask the provider ifa revised schedule b. Assess all of the drugs on the patients’ profile for possible drug interactions.
ispossible. In this case, the most effective revised schedule would involve not taking the c. Avoid discussing potential side effects and adverse reactions with the
medication while at school. Putting a note on the locker is not likely to be effective. It is not patient toavoid nonadherence.
correct to adjust the dose. d. Determine if the patient needs laboratory monitoring.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) ANS: C
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention | Nursing Process: Potential side effects and adverse reactions should always be discussed with the patient
PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care so they know what to report to their health care team should they occur. Allother factors
considerationslisted are important elements of health teaching.
13. A high-school student regularly forgets to use a twice-daily inhaled corticosteroid to prevent
asthma flares and is repeatedly admitted to the hospital. The child’s parent tellsthe nurse that DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
thechild has been told that forgetting to take the medication causes frequent hospitalizations. TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment | Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention
The nurse will MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological andParenteral Therapies
a. encourage the child to take responsibility for taking the medication. Chapter 02: Drug Development and Ethical Considerations
b. reinforce the need to take prescribed medications to avoid hospitalizations. McCuistion: Pharmacology: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach, 11thEdition
c. suggest putting the inhaler with the child’s toothbrush to use before brushing teeth.
d. suggest that the child’s parents administer the medication to increase compliance.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
ANS: C
It is important to empower patients to take responsibility for managing medications. Putting
1. The nurse is obtaining consent from a subject newly recruited for a clinical drug trial thatwill
the medication with the toothbrush can help this child remember to use it. Tellingthe child to
last for 6 months. All subjects will be given gift certificates for participating. One subject says,
take medications and reminding the child that failure to do so results in hospitalization is not
“Well, I guess if the drug doesn’t work, I’ll just have to put up with the symptoms for 6
working.Asking the child’s parents to administer the medication does not empower the
months.”What will the nurse tell the subject?
adolescent to take responsibility. a. “Participation for the duration of the study is required.”
b. “Participation may end at any time without penalty.”
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)
c. “Withdrawal from the study may end at any time, but the gift certificate willnot
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning | Nursing Process: NursingInterventionMSC:
NCLEX: Management of Client Care begiven.”
d. “You can request placement in the treatment group.”
14. An adolescent patient who has acne is given a regimen of topical medications and an oral ANS: B
antibiotic that generally clears up lesions to fewer than 10 within 6 to 8 weeks. At a2-month All participants have the right to autonomy, which is the right to self-determination.
follow-up, the patient continues to have more than 25 lesions. The child’s parent affirms that Patients have the right to refuse to participate or to withdraw from a study at any time
thechild is using the medications as prescribed. Which statement below is correct for this without penalty.Patients generally are not allowed to choose participation in either the
patient toevaluate the outcome? treatment or the controlgroup.
a. “Goal of fewer than 10 lesions in 6 to 8 weeks is not met.”
b. “Goal that the medication will be effective is not met.” DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
c. “Goal that the patient will take medications as prescribed is not met.” (Comprehension)TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing
d. “Goal that the patient understands the medication regimen is not met.” Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
ANS: A
, Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Test Bank Pharmacology A Patient-Centered Nursing Process
Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58 Approach, 11th Edition by Linda E. McCuistion Chapter 1-58
NEW UPDATE 2026 NEW UPDATE 2026
2. The nurse is assisting with a clinical drug trial in which the side effects of two effective drugs 5. The nurse is enrolling subjects for a double-blind experimental study. One patient asksthe
arebeing compared. A patient who would benefit from either drug has elected to withdraw nurseto explain the role of the experimental group. The nurse will explain that subjects in the
from the study, and the nurse assists with the paperwork to facilitate this. Thisis an example of experimental group in this type of study
a. autonomy. a. are selected for participation in that group.
b. beneficence. b. have unique baseline characteristics.
c. justice. c. receive a placebo.
d. veracity. d. receive the experimental treatment being evaluated.
ANS: A ANS: D
All participants have the right to autonomy, which is the right to self-determination. In a double-blind experimental study, subjects in the experimental group receive the
Patients have the right to refuse to participate or to withdraw from a study at any time treatment ordrug under study. They are randomly assigned and not selected. They should
without penaltyeven if the health care provider disagrees with that choice. have similar baseline characteristics to those in the control group. They do notreceive a
placebo.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process:
N/AMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)TOP:
Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient TeachingMSC:
3. During a clinical drug trial for a new medication, researchers note a previously unknown NCLEX: Management of Client Care
serious adverse effect occurring in more than 50% of subjects. The study is discontinued.
Which ethicalprinciple is being exercised? 6. The nurse is obtaining signatures on consent forms for participation in a clinical drug trial.
a. Beneficence Onepatient says, “I’m not sure I want to do this, but I need the cash.” The nurse will take
b. Justice which action?
c. Respect for persons a. Ask the patient to clarify concerns.
d. Veracity b. Reinforce that cash is given to all subjects equally.
c. Report this statement to the lead investigator.
ANS: A d. Review the elements of the study and obtain consent.
Beneficence is the duty to protect subjects from harm. Once a serious adverse effect isnoted
andit is determined that the benefits do not outweigh the risks of the study, researchers have ANS: C
an ethical obligation to stop the study. If a nurse suspects that a patient is being coerced to participate in the study, the nurse
shouldreport this to the principal investigator. When a patient verbalizes participation
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: based on a financial reward, there is a potential element of coercion.
N/AMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying
4. In a 5-year clinical trial investigating a new cancer treatment, researchers note (Application)TOP: Nursing Process:
overwhelming improvement in almost all of the subjects in the treatment group during the Nursing Intervention MSC: NCLEX:
second year of thetrial. It is decided to stop the trial early and report the findings due to the Management of Client Care
overwhelmingly beneficial effects. This decision was made basedon which ethical principle?
a. Beneficence 7. Which of the following best describes preclinical in vivo testing?
b. Justice a. A comparison of experimental and control data in animals.
c. Respect for persons b. A study conducted in a test tube in a laboratory.
d. Veracity c. A study that determines the effects of the experimental product in
humanparticipants.
ANS: B d. A study to assess the seriousness of the disease to be treated.
The principle of justice requires that all people be treated fairly. Because the findings
wereoverwhelmingly positive, an ethical decision was made to stop thestudy early and ANS: A
Preclinical in vivo testing is performed in animals or other non-human living organisms.In
report findings so that additional people could gain benefit fromthe treatment.
vitrostudies occur in test tubes. Safe therapeutic dose studies are part of clinical research.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process: Prior to clinical trials, an assessment is made of the disease and its seriousness.
N/AMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process:
N/AMSC: NCLEX: Management of Client Care
