Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
TEST BANK
Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology
Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives
Theresa Capriotti
2nd Edition
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: The Cell in Health and Illness
Chapter 2: Cellular Injury, Adaptations, and Maladaptive Changes
Chapter 3: Genetic Basis of Disease
Chapter 4: Stress, Exercise, and Immobility
Chapter 5: Obesity and Nutritional Imbalances
Chapter 6: Pain
Chapter 7: Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances
Chapter 8: Acid-Base Imbalances
Chapter 9: Infection and Inflammation
Chapter 10: Infectious Diseases
Chapter 11: Disorders of the Immune System
Chapter 12: White Blood Cell Disorders
Chapter 13: Infection and Inflammation
Chapter 14: Disorders of Platelets, Hemostasis, and Coagulation
Chapter 15: Arterial Disorders
Chapter 16: Ischemic Heart Disease and Conduction Disorders
Chapter 17: Heart Failure
Chapter 18: Valvular Heart Disease
Chapter 19: Disorders of the Venous System
Chapter 20: Respiratory Inflammation and Infection
Chapter 21: Skin Disorders
Chapter 22: Renal Disorders
Chapter 23: Urological Disorders
Chapter 24: Endocrine Disorders
Chapter 25: Diabetes Mellitus and the Metabolic Syndrome
Chapter 26: Disorders of the Female Reproductive System
Chapter 27: Disorders of Male Reproductive System
Chapter 28: Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Chapter 29: Disorders of the Esophagus, Stomach, and Small Intestine
Chapter 30: Common Disorders of the Large Intestine
Chapter 31: Infection, Inflammation, and Cirrhosis of the Liver
Chapter 32: Gallbladder, Pancreatic, and Bile Duct Dysfunction
Chapter 33: Cerebrovascular Disorders
Chapter 34: Chronic and Degenerative Neurologic Disorders
Chapter 35: Brain and Spinal Cord Injury
Chapter 36: Psychobiology of Behavioral Disorders
Chapter 37: Musculoskeletal Trauma
Chapter 38: Degenerative Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System
Chapter 39: Infection and Inflammatory Disorders of the Musculoskeletal System
Chapter 40: Cancer
Chapter 41: Skin Disorders
Chapter 42: Burns
Chapter 43: Eye Disorders
Chapter 44: Ear Disorders
Chapter 45: Pediatric Disorders
Chapter 46: Pathophysiologic Concepts of Aging
Chapter 47: SIRS, Sepsis, Shock, MODS, and Death
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Chapter 1: The Cell in Health and Illness
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which statement regarding the sodium-potassium pump is correct?
1. The cell¶s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell compartment.
4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
potassium ions.
2. What is the process in which glucose is used to create energy?
1. Autolysis
2. Glycolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. None of the above
3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. None of the above
4. Which cell organelles are believed to have once been self-sustaining and independent?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acid
4. Deoxyribonucleic acid
5. Why is more energy produced when a person is exercising?
1. There is an increase in the synthesis of protein.
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
3. There is an increase in the conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid.
4. There is an increase in the production of mitochondria in the muscle cells.
6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
1. During endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress
2. During the synthesis of ATP
3. During severe hypoxic state
4. During the processing of prohormone
7. The cellular organelle responsible for propelling mucous and inhaled debris out of the lungs is
1. cilia.
2. microfilament.
3. secretory vesicle.
4. endoplasmic reticulum.
8. Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
1. Actin and myosin
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
2. Myosin and tubulin
3. Tubulin and actin
4. None of the above
9. Which deficiency causes Tay-Sach¶s disease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes
10. Adrenoleukodystrophy is characterized by
1. Accumulation of ganglioside.
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis.
3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity.
4. Accumulation of long chain fatty acid s in the nervous system.
11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
3. During ER stress, accumulation of long chain fatty acids occurs in the nervous system.
4. During ER stress, accumulation of non-degraded substances occurs in the cells.
12. Which is referred to as the protein factory of the cell?
1. Ribosome
2. Mitochondria
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
13. Which acts as a blue print for the construction of proteins?
1. Transfer RNA
2. Ribosomal RNA
3. Messenger RNA
4. Mitochondrial DNA
14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis as he or she ascends a mountain during a long, steep climb.
What is the reason for these symptoms?
1. Cellular hypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema
15. Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
1. The precise pairing of the nitrogenous bases
2. The presence of pyrimidines bases
3. The presence of nucleotides
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. None of the above
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
17. The DNA is a polymer of
1. Nucleotides.
2. Amino acids.
3. Fatty acids.
4. Phosphates.
18. What is the function of ribosomal ribonucleic acid during protein synthesis?
1. It transports genetic information from the DNA for protein synthesis.
2. It gathers and joins the amino acids for specific proteins.
3. It is directly involved in the formation of ribosomes.
4. None of the above.
19. Tetracycline antibiotic was given to a 30 year old client with Chlamydia infection. What is the mechanism of
action of the drug?
1. It prevents the replication of bacteria.
2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
1. Ribosome
2. Golgi apparatus
3. Secretory granule
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
21. Which is the ceOO¶V ³master miQG´"
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
22. Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply.
1. Microtubules are solid.
2. Microtubules are flexible.
3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin.
4. Microtubules are called actin filaments.
5. Microtubules comprise of centrioles and mitotic spindle.
23. Which structures are found in microtubules? Select all that apply.
1. Cilia
2. Centrioles
3. Mitotic spindle
4. Actin filaments
5. Secretory vesicles
24. What are the characteristics of ribonucleic acid? Select all that apply.
1. Presence of ribose pentose sugar
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
2. Presence of single stranded helix
3. Presence of double stranded helix
4. Presence of deoxyribose pentose sugar
5. Presence of uracil and cytosine as pyrimidine base
25. Which are the purine bases found in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid? Select all that apply.
1. Uracil
2. Adenine
3. Guanine
4. Thymine
5. Cytosine
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Chapter 1: The Cell in Health and Illness
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 4
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Moderate
Heading: The Sodium Potassium Pump
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 The plasma membrane of the cell is less soluble to sodium ions and more soluble to
potassium ions.
2 The concentration of sodium ions should be higher outside the cell compartment.
3 The concentration of potassium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
4 In active transport, for every three sodium ions pumped out, there are two potassium
ions pumped in.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
2. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 5
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 Autolysis is the process in which the lysosome releases digestive enzymes to destroy
cell parts when a cell dies.
2 Glycolysis is the process in which glucose is used to create energy.
3 Heterolysis is the process in which the lysosomes digest foreign matter ingested by
macrophages.
4 Glycolysis is the process in which glucose is broken down and used for energy.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
3. ANS: 3
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 5
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 In anaerobic energy metabolism, two ATPs and pyruvic acid are produced.
2 In active transport, three sodium ions are pumped out. This takes place in the plasma
membrane.
3 The process of aerobic energy requires oxygen and provides maximum amount of
energy for cellular function. The process yields 34 ATPs.
4 The answer option none of the above is incorrect. Aerobic energy metabolism produces
34 ATPs.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
4. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 5
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 Ribosomes are small, spherical shaped organelles of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid.
They have not likely evolved from self-sustaining or independent organisms.
2 Mitochondria are cellular organelles that have their own DNA. They are believed to
have once been independent and self-sustaining but, over the course of evolution, they
were incorporated into human cells.
3 Ribonucleic acid is single stranded and can travel to sites outside the nucleus, but
ribonucleic acid is not likely evolved from self-sustaining or independent organisms.
4 Deoxyribonucleic acid contains double stranded helical chains containing various
sequences of nucleotides. Deoxyribonucleic acid is not thought to have evolved from
self-sustaining organisms.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
5. ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 5
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Moderate
Heading: Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 Protein synthesis is the function of ribosomes. An increase in the synthesis of proteins
does not yield energy and is not directly related to exercise.
2 In aerobic energy metabolism, two adenosine triphosphate and pyruvic acid are
produced. The increase in the production of pyruvic acid does not produce more energy.
3 Conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid in cellular hypoxia is noxious to cells and does
not create energy.
4 Exercise stimulates an increase in the number of mitochondria formed in the muscle
cells. This process leads to the conversion of oxygen into energy.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
6. ANS: 3
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 6
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Moderate
Heading: Ribosomes
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 Ribosomal protein synthesis does not cease during endoplasmic reticulum stress.
2 ATP is synthesized in the energy metabolism. It does not interfere with protein
synthesis.
3 When the cells are deprived of adequate oxygen supply, the ribosomal protein synthesis
ceases.
4 The processing of prohormones to hormones does not cease the process of protein
synthesis.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
7. ANS: 1
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 7
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Microtubules and Microfilaments
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 The cilia are responsible for propelling the mucous and inhaled debris out of the lungs
using a sweeping motion.
2 Microfilaments help in changing the shape of the certain cells, such as macrophages,
and also help with contraction of muscle.
3 Secretory vesicles store substances, such as hormones, that are secreted by cells before
they are released into the extracellular space.
4 The endoplasmic reticulum aids in the transport of the synthesized protein from the
ribosomes to the Golgi apparatus.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
8. ANS: 1
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 7
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Microtubules and Microfilaments
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 Actin and myosin are the key proteins in the contractile unit of the muscle cells.
2 Myosin and tubulin are not the key elements in the contractile units of the muscle cells
because tubulin is associated with microtubules formation.
3 Tubulin and actin are not the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells.
Microtubules are hollow filaments composed of tubulin. So tubulin is associated with
microtubules formation.
4 The answer option none of the above is incorrect. Actin and myosin are the key proteins
in the contractile unit of the muscle cells.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
9. ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 6
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Lysosomes
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
TEST BANK
Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology
Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives
Theresa Capriotti
2nd Edition
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: The Cell in Health and Illness
Chapter 2: Cellular Injury, Adaptations, and Maladaptive Changes
Chapter 3: Genetic Basis of Disease
Chapter 4: Stress, Exercise, and Immobility
Chapter 5: Obesity and Nutritional Imbalances
Chapter 6: Pain
Chapter 7: Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances
Chapter 8: Acid-Base Imbalances
Chapter 9: Infection and Inflammation
Chapter 10: Infectious Diseases
Chapter 11: Disorders of the Immune System
Chapter 12: White Blood Cell Disorders
Chapter 13: Infection and Inflammation
Chapter 14: Disorders of Platelets, Hemostasis, and Coagulation
Chapter 15: Arterial Disorders
Chapter 16: Ischemic Heart Disease and Conduction Disorders
Chapter 17: Heart Failure
Chapter 18: Valvular Heart Disease
Chapter 19: Disorders of the Venous System
Chapter 20: Respiratory Inflammation and Infection
Chapter 21: Skin Disorders
Chapter 22: Renal Disorders
Chapter 23: Urological Disorders
Chapter 24: Endocrine Disorders
Chapter 25: Diabetes Mellitus and the Metabolic Syndrome
Chapter 26: Disorders of the Female Reproductive System
Chapter 27: Disorders of Male Reproductive System
Chapter 28: Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Chapter 29: Disorders of the Esophagus, Stomach, and Small Intestine
Chapter 30: Common Disorders of the Large Intestine
Chapter 31: Infection, Inflammation, and Cirrhosis of the Liver
Chapter 32: Gallbladder, Pancreatic, and Bile Duct Dysfunction
Chapter 33: Cerebrovascular Disorders
Chapter 34: Chronic and Degenerative Neurologic Disorders
Chapter 35: Brain and Spinal Cord Injury
Chapter 36: Psychobiology of Behavioral Disorders
Chapter 37: Musculoskeletal Trauma
Chapter 38: Degenerative Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System
Chapter 39: Infection and Inflammatory Disorders of the Musculoskeletal System
Chapter 40: Cancer
Chapter 41: Skin Disorders
Chapter 42: Burns
Chapter 43: Eye Disorders
Chapter 44: Ear Disorders
Chapter 45: Pediatric Disorders
Chapter 46: Pathophysiologic Concepts of Aging
Chapter 47: SIRS, Sepsis, Shock, MODS, and Death
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Chapter 1: The Cell in Health and Illness
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which statement regarding the sodium-potassium pump is correct?
1. The cell¶s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell compartment.
4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
potassium ions.
2. What is the process in which glucose is used to create energy?
1. Autolysis
2. Glycolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. None of the above
3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. None of the above
4. Which cell organelles are believed to have once been self-sustaining and independent?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acid
4. Deoxyribonucleic acid
5. Why is more energy produced when a person is exercising?
1. There is an increase in the synthesis of protein.
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
3. There is an increase in the conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid.
4. There is an increase in the production of mitochondria in the muscle cells.
6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
1. During endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress
2. During the synthesis of ATP
3. During severe hypoxic state
4. During the processing of prohormone
7. The cellular organelle responsible for propelling mucous and inhaled debris out of the lungs is
1. cilia.
2. microfilament.
3. secretory vesicle.
4. endoplasmic reticulum.
8. Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
1. Actin and myosin
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
2. Myosin and tubulin
3. Tubulin and actin
4. None of the above
9. Which deficiency causes Tay-Sach¶s disease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes
10. Adrenoleukodystrophy is characterized by
1. Accumulation of ganglioside.
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis.
3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity.
4. Accumulation of long chain fatty acid s in the nervous system.
11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
3. During ER stress, accumulation of long chain fatty acids occurs in the nervous system.
4. During ER stress, accumulation of non-degraded substances occurs in the cells.
12. Which is referred to as the protein factory of the cell?
1. Ribosome
2. Mitochondria
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
13. Which acts as a blue print for the construction of proteins?
1. Transfer RNA
2. Ribosomal RNA
3. Messenger RNA
4. Mitochondrial DNA
14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis as he or she ascends a mountain during a long, steep climb.
What is the reason for these symptoms?
1. Cellular hypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema
15. Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
1. The precise pairing of the nitrogenous bases
2. The presence of pyrimidines bases
3. The presence of nucleotides
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. None of the above
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
17. The DNA is a polymer of
1. Nucleotides.
2. Amino acids.
3. Fatty acids.
4. Phosphates.
18. What is the function of ribosomal ribonucleic acid during protein synthesis?
1. It transports genetic information from the DNA for protein synthesis.
2. It gathers and joins the amino acids for specific proteins.
3. It is directly involved in the formation of ribosomes.
4. None of the above.
19. Tetracycline antibiotic was given to a 30 year old client with Chlamydia infection. What is the mechanism of
action of the drug?
1. It prevents the replication of bacteria.
2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
1. Ribosome
2. Golgi apparatus
3. Secretory granule
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
21. Which is the ceOO¶V ³master miQG´"
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
22. Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply.
1. Microtubules are solid.
2. Microtubules are flexible.
3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin.
4. Microtubules are called actin filaments.
5. Microtubules comprise of centrioles and mitotic spindle.
23. Which structures are found in microtubules? Select all that apply.
1. Cilia
2. Centrioles
3. Mitotic spindle
4. Actin filaments
5. Secretory vesicles
24. What are the characteristics of ribonucleic acid? Select all that apply.
1. Presence of ribose pentose sugar
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
2. Presence of single stranded helix
3. Presence of double stranded helix
4. Presence of deoxyribose pentose sugar
5. Presence of uracil and cytosine as pyrimidine base
25. Which are the purine bases found in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid? Select all that apply.
1. Uracil
2. Adenine
3. Guanine
4. Thymine
5. Cytosine
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Chapter 1: The Cell in Health and Illness
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 4
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Moderate
Heading: The Sodium Potassium Pump
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 The plasma membrane of the cell is less soluble to sodium ions and more soluble to
potassium ions.
2 The concentration of sodium ions should be higher outside the cell compartment.
3 The concentration of potassium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
4 In active transport, for every three sodium ions pumped out, there are two potassium
ions pumped in.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
2. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 5
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 Autolysis is the process in which the lysosome releases digestive enzymes to destroy
cell parts when a cell dies.
2 Glycolysis is the process in which glucose is used to create energy.
3 Heterolysis is the process in which the lysosomes digest foreign matter ingested by
macrophages.
4 Glycolysis is the process in which glucose is broken down and used for energy.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
3. ANS: 3
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 5
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 In anaerobic energy metabolism, two ATPs and pyruvic acid are produced.
2 In active transport, three sodium ions are pumped out. This takes place in the plasma
membrane.
3 The process of aerobic energy requires oxygen and provides maximum amount of
energy for cellular function. The process yields 34 ATPs.
4 The answer option none of the above is incorrect. Aerobic energy metabolism produces
34 ATPs.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
4. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 5
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 Ribosomes are small, spherical shaped organelles of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid.
They have not likely evolved from self-sustaining or independent organisms.
2 Mitochondria are cellular organelles that have their own DNA. They are believed to
have once been independent and self-sustaining but, over the course of evolution, they
were incorporated into human cells.
3 Ribonucleic acid is single stranded and can travel to sites outside the nucleus, but
ribonucleic acid is not likely evolved from self-sustaining or independent organisms.
4 Deoxyribonucleic acid contains double stranded helical chains containing various
sequences of nucleotides. Deoxyribonucleic acid is not thought to have evolved from
self-sustaining organisms.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
5. ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 5
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Moderate
Heading: Mitochondria
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 Protein synthesis is the function of ribosomes. An increase in the synthesis of proteins
does not yield energy and is not directly related to exercise.
2 In aerobic energy metabolism, two adenosine triphosphate and pyruvic acid are
produced. The increase in the production of pyruvic acid does not produce more energy.
3 Conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid in cellular hypoxia is noxious to cells and does
not create energy.
4 Exercise stimulates an increase in the number of mitochondria formed in the muscle
cells. This process leads to the conversion of oxygen into energy.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
6. ANS: 3
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 6
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Moderate
Heading: Ribosomes
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 Ribosomal protein synthesis does not cease during endoplasmic reticulum stress.
2 ATP is synthesized in the energy metabolism. It does not interfere with protein
synthesis.
3 When the cells are deprived of adequate oxygen supply, the ribosomal protein synthesis
ceases.
4 The processing of prohormones to hormones does not cease the process of protein
synthesis.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
7. ANS: 1
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 7
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Microtubules and Microfilaments
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
, Test Bank - Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology 2nd Edition (Capriotti, 2021)
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 The cilia are responsible for propelling the mucous and inhaled debris out of the lungs
using a sweeping motion.
2 Microfilaments help in changing the shape of the certain cells, such as macrophages,
and also help with contraction of muscle.
3 Secretory vesicles store substances, such as hormones, that are secreted by cells before
they are released into the extracellular space.
4 The endoplasmic reticulum aids in the transport of the synthesized protein from the
ribosomes to the Golgi apparatus.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
8. ANS: 1
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 7
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Microtubules and Microfilaments
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Feedback
1 Actin and myosin are the key proteins in the contractile unit of the muscle cells.
2 Myosin and tubulin are not the key elements in the contractile units of the muscle cells
because tubulin is associated with microtubules formation.
3 Tubulin and actin are not the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells.
Microtubules are hollow filaments composed of tubulin. So tubulin is associated with
microtubules formation.
4 The answer option none of the above is incorrect. Actin and myosin are the key proteins
in the contractile unit of the muscle cells.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
9. ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Page: 6
Objective: N/A
Difficulty: Easy
Heading: Lysosomes
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
