SOLUTION MANUAL
,Semiconductor Physics and Devices: Basic Principles, 3rd edition Chapter 1
Solutions Manual Problem Solutions
Chapter 1
Problem Solutions F 4 r I
3
1.1
4 atoms per cell, so atom vol. = 4G
H 3 JK
(a) fcc: 8 corner atoms 1/8 = 1 atom Then
6 face atoms ½ = 3 atoms F4r IJ
4G
3
Total of 4 atoms per unit cell
Ratio =
H3 K 100% Ratio = 74%
(b) bcc: 8 corner atoms 1/8 = 1 atom
3
16 2 r
1 enclosed atom = 1 atom (c) Body-centered cubic lattice
Total of 2 atoms per unit cell 4
d = 4r = a 3 a = r
(c) Diamond: 8 corner atoms 1/8 = 1 atom
6 face atoms ½ = 3 atoms F I
4
3 3
H 3 rK F 4r I
4 enclosed atoms = 4 atoms
Unit cell vol. = a =
3
Total of 8 atoms per unit cell 3
1.2 2 atoms per cell, so atom vol. = 2G
H 3 K
J
F 4r I
(a) 4 Ga atoms per unit cell
4 Then 3
Density =
2G
b g H 3 JK
−8 3
5.65x10
−3
Density of Ga = 2.22 x10 cm Ratio = 68%
22
4 As atoms per unit cell, so that
Ratio =
F4r I 100%
3
−3
Density of As = 2.22 x10 cm
22
(d) Diamond lattice
(b) 8
F I
8 Ge atoms per unit cell Body diagonal = d = 8r = a3 3 a = r
Density = 8 8r 3
b5.65x10 g −8 3
Unit cell vol. = a =
H 3 K F 4r I
3
−3
Density of Ge = 4.44 x10 cm
22 3
1.3
8 atoms per cell, so atom vol. 8G
H 3 JK
a = (2ra) ==2r8r 8G 4r J
Then
HF 3 KI 100% Ratio 34%
(a) Unit
Simple
cell cubic
vol =lattice;
3 3 3 3
F 4r I 3
1 atom per cell, so atom vol. = (1)G J
Ratio
H3 K
=
F 8r I =
3
Then H 3K
FG 4r IJ 3
Ratio =
H 3 K 100% Ratio = 52.4% 1.4
From Problem 1.3, percent volume of fcc atoms
3
8r is 74%; Therefore after coffee is ground,
(b) Face-centered cubic lattice Volume = 0.74 cm
3
d
d = 4r = a 2 a = =2 2r
2
Unit cell vol = a =
3
c2 2 rh = 16 2 r 3
3
3
,Semiconductor Physics and Devices: Basic Principles, 3rd edition Chapter 1
Solutions Manual Problem Solutions
Then mass density is
−23
1.5 4.85x10
=
b g
8
From 1.3d, a = −8 3
(a) r
a = 5.43 A 2.8x10
3
= 2.21 gm / cm
3
a 3 (5.43) 3
so that r = = = 1.18 A
8 8
Center of one silicon atom to center of nearest 1.8
(a) a 3 = 2(2.2) + 2(1.8) = 8 A
neighbor = 2r 2.36 A
so that
(b) Number density
a = 4.62 A
b g
= 8 −3
Density = 5x10 cm
3 22
−8
5.43x10 1 22 −3
Density of A = 1.01x10 cm
(c) Mass density
b (28.09) g b4.62 x10 g −8 3
N ( At.Wt.)
22
5x10 1
== = 22
1.01x10 cm
−3
b g
23
NA 6.02 x10 Density of B = −8
4.62 x10
= 2.33 grams / cm (b) Same as (a)
3
(c) Same material
1.6 1.9
(a) a = 2rA = 2(1.02) = 2.04 A
(a) Surface density
Now 1 1
= 2 =
2r + 2r = a 3 2r = 2.04 3 − 2.04 a 2
A B B
so that rB = 0.747 A 14
3.31x10 cm
−2
(b) A-type; 1 atom per unit cell Same for A atoms and B atoms
1
Density = (b) Same as (a)
b g
−8 3 (c) Same material
2.04 x10
23 −3
Density(A) = 1.18x10 cm 1.10
B-type: 1 atom per unit cell, so 1
23 −3
(a) Vol density =
Density(B) = 1.18x10 cm 3
ao
1
1.7 Surface density = 2
ao 2
(b)
(b) Same as (a)
a = 1.8 + 1.0 a = 2.8 A
(c) 1.11
12 −3 Sketch
Na: Density = = 2.28x10 cm
22
1.12
−3
Cl: Density (same as Na) = 2.28x10 cm
22
(a)
(d) FH1 , 1 ,1IK (313)
Na: At.Wt. = 22.99 1 3 1
F 1 1 1 I (121)
Cl: At. Wt. = 35.45 (b)
So, mass per unit cell
1 1
(22.99) + (35.45) H 4 , 2 , 4K
= 2 2 −23
= 4.85x10
23
6.02 x10
4
, Semiconductor Physics and Devices: Basic Principles, 3rd edition Chapter 1
Solutions Manual Problem Solutions
b g
1.13 = ph
2 atoms
ph
2 14 p h −2
(a) Distance between nearest (100) planes 4.50x10
−8 ph 9.88x10 cm
ph ph ph ph
is:
ph p h
d = a = 5.63 A ph ph ph ph ph
(b) Distance between nearest (110) planes
ph ph ph ph
(ii) (110) plane, surface density,
ph ph ph
is: ph
1 a 5.63 2 −2
=
14 p h
6.99 x10 cm
d = 2= = atoms p h ph
ph
ph ph
a ph 2 2
2
or (iii) (111) plane, surface density,
FH3 1 IK
ph ph ph
d = 3.98 ph ph ph ph ph + 31
ph ph ph
A ph
(c) Distance between nearest (111) planes 6 2 4
= =
p h ph
ph ph ph ph
ph 3
is: ph
1 a 5.63 2
d = ph 3= = ph a
a ph 3 3 2
3
15 −2
or or 1.14 x10 ph
p h
cm
d = 3.25 ph ph
A ph
1.15
1.14 (a)
(a) (100) plane of silicon – similar to a fcc,
ph ph ph ph ph ph ph ph
2 atoms
Simple cubic: a = 4.50 A
ph
b g
ph ph ph ph ph
surface = 2
ph
−8 ph
(i) (100) plane, surface ph ph density
ph
5.43x10
density, ph p h
1 atom −2
b4.50x10 g
=
14 14 p h
ph
2
4.94 x10 ph 6.78x10 cm
−8 ph p h −2
cm (b)
p h
(ii) (110) plane, surface density,
ph ph ph (110) plane, surface density,
ph ph ph
−2
cm−23.49 x10 =
14 14
= 1 atom ph p h
p h ph 4 9.59 x10 ph ph ph
p h
cm
atoms ph
b4.50x10 g
2 ph
−8 ph
2
(iii) (111) plane, surface density, (c)
3 F Iatoms
ph ph ph
HK
1 1 (111) plane, surface
ph ph
density,
ph 14 −2
h
p
6 ph
2 1 4 atoms ph
= p h = = = p h p h 7.83x10 p h p h cm
c(x)a h
1 2
2
2 1 a 3 3a
p h p h
a 2
p h 2 2
2 1.16
1
= 2.85x10
14
−2 p h d = 4r 2 ph ph
cm
= a
4(2.25)
ph ph
(b) then
4r
Body-centered cubic ph
(ii) (110) plane,
(i) (100) plane, surface density, ph ph ph
2 2 surface density,
ph ph ph
14
Same as (a),(i); surface density 4.94x10
ph ph ph ph ph
p h −2
cm
5