Nutrition and Health
Unit 8C: Physiology of human body systems
Explore the physiology of the digestive system and the use of corrective treatments for
dietary related diseases.
In this assignment I will be looking at the functioning of the digestive system, labelling the digestive
system, how enzymes work. I will be looking at what food's students should be consuming in order
to have a healthy balanced diet. The diet should consequently help the students with their academic
achievements. I will also be looking at a dietary based disease; including its symptoms what causes
the disease and how it can be treated.
Labelled Digestive system
Small intestine
Organ Function Image
, Mouth Cavity The teeth, salivary glands, and tongue are all
found in the mouth. The teeth help break
(Chemical and down and grind foods into smaller, more
mechanical easily digestible bits. The tongue is also a
mechanical device that helps move food
around so that salivary glands can cover it and
break it down. The tongue has small bumps
that give it a rough appearance. Papillae are
the bumps on your skin. When the tongue
moves around food, the rough bumps provide
grip. Food is broken when the tongue pulls it
up against the upper hard palate. Saliva is
produced by the salivary glands. It lubricates
the lips, making swallowing easier. Saliva acts
as a catalyst, accelerating the breakdown of
food in the mouth.
Pharynx The oesophagus and larynx are connected by
(chemical) a cone-shaped passageway that runs from the
head's oral and nasal cavities to the
oesophagus and larynx. The pharynx chamber
is used for both breathing and digestion. The
pharynx is connected to the base of the skull
and surrounding structures by thick muscle
and connective tissue fibres. The circular
muscles form constrictions that help push
food to the oesophagus and prevent air from
being swallowed, while the longitudinal fibres
lift the pharyngeal walls during swallowing.
Oesophagus The food passes from the pharynx to the
(mechanical) stomach through a comparatively straight
muscular tube. Food may be passed through
the oesophagus by contracting or expanding
it. It passes through the muscular diaphragm
before entering the stomach, and it lies
behind the trachea and heart and in front of
the spinal column anatomically. Muscle
constrictions known as sphincters close off
both ends of the oesophagus; the upper
oesophageal sphincter is at the anterior, or
upper, end, and the lower oesophageal
sphincter is at the distal, or lower, end.
Liver The body's largest gland, a spongy mass of
(chemical) wedge-shaped lobes with numerous
metabolic and secretory functions. The liver
metabolises proteins, carbohydrates, and fats;
stores glycogen, vitamins, and other
substances; synthesises blood-clotting factors;
eliminates wastes and toxic matter from the
blood; regulates blood volume; and kills old
red blood cells.
Unit 8C: Physiology of human body systems
Explore the physiology of the digestive system and the use of corrective treatments for
dietary related diseases.
In this assignment I will be looking at the functioning of the digestive system, labelling the digestive
system, how enzymes work. I will be looking at what food's students should be consuming in order
to have a healthy balanced diet. The diet should consequently help the students with their academic
achievements. I will also be looking at a dietary based disease; including its symptoms what causes
the disease and how it can be treated.
Labelled Digestive system
Small intestine
Organ Function Image
, Mouth Cavity The teeth, salivary glands, and tongue are all
found in the mouth. The teeth help break
(Chemical and down and grind foods into smaller, more
mechanical easily digestible bits. The tongue is also a
mechanical device that helps move food
around so that salivary glands can cover it and
break it down. The tongue has small bumps
that give it a rough appearance. Papillae are
the bumps on your skin. When the tongue
moves around food, the rough bumps provide
grip. Food is broken when the tongue pulls it
up against the upper hard palate. Saliva is
produced by the salivary glands. It lubricates
the lips, making swallowing easier. Saliva acts
as a catalyst, accelerating the breakdown of
food in the mouth.
Pharynx The oesophagus and larynx are connected by
(chemical) a cone-shaped passageway that runs from the
head's oral and nasal cavities to the
oesophagus and larynx. The pharynx chamber
is used for both breathing and digestion. The
pharynx is connected to the base of the skull
and surrounding structures by thick muscle
and connective tissue fibres. The circular
muscles form constrictions that help push
food to the oesophagus and prevent air from
being swallowed, while the longitudinal fibres
lift the pharyngeal walls during swallowing.
Oesophagus The food passes from the pharynx to the
(mechanical) stomach through a comparatively straight
muscular tube. Food may be passed through
the oesophagus by contracting or expanding
it. It passes through the muscular diaphragm
before entering the stomach, and it lies
behind the trachea and heart and in front of
the spinal column anatomically. Muscle
constrictions known as sphincters close off
both ends of the oesophagus; the upper
oesophageal sphincter is at the anterior, or
upper, end, and the lower oesophageal
sphincter is at the distal, or lower, end.
Liver The body's largest gland, a spongy mass of
(chemical) wedge-shaped lobes with numerous
metabolic and secretory functions. The liver
metabolises proteins, carbohydrates, and fats;
stores glycogen, vitamins, and other
substances; synthesises blood-clotting factors;
eliminates wastes and toxic matter from the
blood; regulates blood volume; and kills old
red blood cells.
