ACVPM – Comprehensive Preventive Veterinary
Medicine Certification Guide
In which cells does African Swine Fever virus mainly replicate? - correct answer ✔✔
macrophages
Concentrated Animal Feeding Unit (CAFO) - correct answer ✔✔ USDA definition of CAFO:
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation
intensive Animal Feeding Operation (AFO) in which over 1000 animal units are confined for over
45 days a year.
Animal unit: equivalent to 1000 pounds of "live" animal weight.
A thousand animal units equates to:
1000 cows
700 cows used for dairy purposes
2500 pigs weighing more than 55 lbs
125,000 chickens
82,000 egg laying hens or pullets
Brevetoxin - correct answer ✔✔ Neurotoxic compounds, tasteless and odorless. Inhalational,
dermal, or oral exposure, but most common route of exposure by oral ingestion of
contaminated shellfish. Illness from oral ingestion: gastrointestinal and neurologic signs like
abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, paresthesias, reversal of hot and cold temperature
sensation, vertigo, and ataxia. Inhalational exposure may cause respiratory symptoms such as
cough, dyspnea and bronchospasm. Also causes illness in aquatic wildlife.
domoic acid - correct answer ✔✔ Potent neurotoxin produced by harmful algal blooms of
marine phytoplankton Pseudo-nitzschia.
Kainic acid-type neurotoxin (activates glutamate receptors) that causes amnesic shellfish
poisoning (ASP), produced by algae and accumulates in shellfish, sardines, and anchovies.
,acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) - correct answer ✔✔ whiteleg shrimp
(Penaeus vannamei) in Texas
pirA and pirB toxin genes from AHPND-causing Vibrio sp. / V. parahaemolyticus
Marburg virus - correct answer ✔✔ Hemorrhagic filovirus endemic to central/south Africa,
reservoir is Egyptian fruit bat (rousettus aegyptiacus), humans often exposed within caves.
January 2020: discovered in Sierra Leone, 1st in W Africa, more widely distributed than prev
understood
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus IVb (VHSV IVb) - correct answer ✔✔ fish deaths, great lakes
Micropolyspora faeni and Termoactinomyces vulgaris - correct answer ✔✔ Bacteria commonly
assoc w Farmers Lung. Grow on moldy hay. (also aspergillus mold)
African Swine Fever (ASF) - correct answer ✔✔ large DNA virus of the Asfarviridae family
infects ticks of the genus Ornithodoros, other bloodsucking insects
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis - correct answer ✔✔ Amphibian Chytrid Fungus,
Chytridiomycosis, tx itraconazole
Category A bioterrorism agents - correct answer ✔✔ Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis)
Botulism (Clostridium botulinum toxin)
Plague (Yersinia pestis)
Smallpox (variola major)
Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)
Viral hemorrhagic fevers, includingFiloviruses (Ebola, Marburg)Arenaviruses (Lassa, Machupo)
,Category A Bio terrorism Agents - correct answer ✔✔ can be easily disseminated or transmitted
from person to person;
result in high mortality rates and have the potential for major public health impact;
might cause public panic and social disruption; and
require special action for public health preparedness.
Category B bioterrorism agents - correct answer ✔✔ are moderately easy to disseminate;
result in moderate morbidity rates and low mortality rates; and
require specific enhancements of CDC's diagnostic capacity and enhanced disease surveillance.
Category B bioterrorism agents - correct answer ✔✔ Brucellosis (Brucella species)
Epsilon toxin of Clostridium perfringens
Food safety threats (Salmonella species, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Shigella)
Glanders (Burkholderia mallei)
Melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei)
Psittacosis (Chlamydia psittaci)
Q fever (Coxiella burnetii)
Ricin toxin from Ricinus communis (castor beans)
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B
Typhus fever (Rickettsia prowazekii)
Viral encephalitis (alphaviruses, such as eastern equine encephalitis, Venezuelan equine
encephalitis, and western equine encephalitis])
Water safety threats (Vibrio cholerae, Cryptosporidium parvum)
Category C bioterrorism agents - correct answer ✔✔ could be engineered for mass
dissemination in the future because of
, availability;
ease of production and dissemination; and
potential for high morbidity and mortality rates and major health impact. Emerging infectious
diseases such as Nipah virus and hantavirus
Knemidocoptes pile - correct answer ✔✔ Mange on the beak and face of a parakeet. Pale,
crusty lesions are present, and the beak is malformed due to the presence of mites.
Knemidocoptes pilae
1. clinical signs
2. suborder - correct answer ✔✔ 1. Budgerigars at beak and legs (malformed beak)
2. Astigmata
Types of lice - correct answer ✔✔ There are 2 basic types of lice. Biting or chewing lice (order
Mallophaga) infest both birds and mammals. They feed mostly on skin debris and the secretions
of their hosts. Blood-sucking lice (order Anoplura) are skin parasites of mammals only
Psoroptes cuniculi - correct answer ✔✔ Ear canker mite of rabbits; are extremely pruritic and
can cause head tilting due to burrowing through the tympanic membrane, commonly causes
severe ear infection rabbit
polyplax serrata - correct answer ✔✔ mouse louse
Otodectes cynotis - correct answer ✔✔ family Psoroptidae. common cause of otitis externa,
especially in cats but also in dogs.
Pyrantel pamoate - correct answer ✔✔ Pyrantel and its derivative oxantel in the
tetrahydropyrimidine group. Small strongyles of horses have developed resistance.
Medicine Certification Guide
In which cells does African Swine Fever virus mainly replicate? - correct answer ✔✔
macrophages
Concentrated Animal Feeding Unit (CAFO) - correct answer ✔✔ USDA definition of CAFO:
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation
intensive Animal Feeding Operation (AFO) in which over 1000 animal units are confined for over
45 days a year.
Animal unit: equivalent to 1000 pounds of "live" animal weight.
A thousand animal units equates to:
1000 cows
700 cows used for dairy purposes
2500 pigs weighing more than 55 lbs
125,000 chickens
82,000 egg laying hens or pullets
Brevetoxin - correct answer ✔✔ Neurotoxic compounds, tasteless and odorless. Inhalational,
dermal, or oral exposure, but most common route of exposure by oral ingestion of
contaminated shellfish. Illness from oral ingestion: gastrointestinal and neurologic signs like
abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, paresthesias, reversal of hot and cold temperature
sensation, vertigo, and ataxia. Inhalational exposure may cause respiratory symptoms such as
cough, dyspnea and bronchospasm. Also causes illness in aquatic wildlife.
domoic acid - correct answer ✔✔ Potent neurotoxin produced by harmful algal blooms of
marine phytoplankton Pseudo-nitzschia.
Kainic acid-type neurotoxin (activates glutamate receptors) that causes amnesic shellfish
poisoning (ASP), produced by algae and accumulates in shellfish, sardines, and anchovies.
,acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) - correct answer ✔✔ whiteleg shrimp
(Penaeus vannamei) in Texas
pirA and pirB toxin genes from AHPND-causing Vibrio sp. / V. parahaemolyticus
Marburg virus - correct answer ✔✔ Hemorrhagic filovirus endemic to central/south Africa,
reservoir is Egyptian fruit bat (rousettus aegyptiacus), humans often exposed within caves.
January 2020: discovered in Sierra Leone, 1st in W Africa, more widely distributed than prev
understood
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus IVb (VHSV IVb) - correct answer ✔✔ fish deaths, great lakes
Micropolyspora faeni and Termoactinomyces vulgaris - correct answer ✔✔ Bacteria commonly
assoc w Farmers Lung. Grow on moldy hay. (also aspergillus mold)
African Swine Fever (ASF) - correct answer ✔✔ large DNA virus of the Asfarviridae family
infects ticks of the genus Ornithodoros, other bloodsucking insects
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis - correct answer ✔✔ Amphibian Chytrid Fungus,
Chytridiomycosis, tx itraconazole
Category A bioterrorism agents - correct answer ✔✔ Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis)
Botulism (Clostridium botulinum toxin)
Plague (Yersinia pestis)
Smallpox (variola major)
Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)
Viral hemorrhagic fevers, includingFiloviruses (Ebola, Marburg)Arenaviruses (Lassa, Machupo)
,Category A Bio terrorism Agents - correct answer ✔✔ can be easily disseminated or transmitted
from person to person;
result in high mortality rates and have the potential for major public health impact;
might cause public panic and social disruption; and
require special action for public health preparedness.
Category B bioterrorism agents - correct answer ✔✔ are moderately easy to disseminate;
result in moderate morbidity rates and low mortality rates; and
require specific enhancements of CDC's diagnostic capacity and enhanced disease surveillance.
Category B bioterrorism agents - correct answer ✔✔ Brucellosis (Brucella species)
Epsilon toxin of Clostridium perfringens
Food safety threats (Salmonella species, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Shigella)
Glanders (Burkholderia mallei)
Melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei)
Psittacosis (Chlamydia psittaci)
Q fever (Coxiella burnetii)
Ricin toxin from Ricinus communis (castor beans)
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B
Typhus fever (Rickettsia prowazekii)
Viral encephalitis (alphaviruses, such as eastern equine encephalitis, Venezuelan equine
encephalitis, and western equine encephalitis])
Water safety threats (Vibrio cholerae, Cryptosporidium parvum)
Category C bioterrorism agents - correct answer ✔✔ could be engineered for mass
dissemination in the future because of
, availability;
ease of production and dissemination; and
potential for high morbidity and mortality rates and major health impact. Emerging infectious
diseases such as Nipah virus and hantavirus
Knemidocoptes pile - correct answer ✔✔ Mange on the beak and face of a parakeet. Pale,
crusty lesions are present, and the beak is malformed due to the presence of mites.
Knemidocoptes pilae
1. clinical signs
2. suborder - correct answer ✔✔ 1. Budgerigars at beak and legs (malformed beak)
2. Astigmata
Types of lice - correct answer ✔✔ There are 2 basic types of lice. Biting or chewing lice (order
Mallophaga) infest both birds and mammals. They feed mostly on skin debris and the secretions
of their hosts. Blood-sucking lice (order Anoplura) are skin parasites of mammals only
Psoroptes cuniculi - correct answer ✔✔ Ear canker mite of rabbits; are extremely pruritic and
can cause head tilting due to burrowing through the tympanic membrane, commonly causes
severe ear infection rabbit
polyplax serrata - correct answer ✔✔ mouse louse
Otodectes cynotis - correct answer ✔✔ family Psoroptidae. common cause of otitis externa,
especially in cats but also in dogs.
Pyrantel pamoate - correct answer ✔✔ Pyrantel and its derivative oxantel in the
tetrahydropyrimidine group. Small strongyles of horses have developed resistance.
