BIOL 251 Human Anatomy & Physiology I w/Lab | Module 1 Exam
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Module 1: Foundations & Terminology
1. Which level of organization is the most complex?
A) Cellular level
B) Tissue level
C) Organismal level
D) Organ system level
Explanation: The hierarchy of structural organization moves from Chemical → Cellular
→ Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism.
2. In the "Anatomical Position," the palms of the hands are:
A) Facing posteriorly
B) Facing anteriorly
C) Facing the thighs
D) Relaxed and curled
Explanation: Anatomical position requires the body to be standing upright, feet slightly
apart, with palms facing forward (anteriorly) and thumbs pointing away from the body.
3. Which body plane divides the body into equal right and left halves?
A) Frontal (Coronal)
B) Transverse
C) Midsagittal
D) Parasagittal
Explanation: A Midsagittal plane lies exactly in the midline. A parasagittal plane also
divides left/right but is offset from the center.
4. The elbow is _________ to the wrist.
, A) Distal
B) Proximal
C) Lateral
D) Inferior
Explanation: Proximal means closer to the point of attachment to the trunk. Since the
elbow is closer to the shoulder than the wrist is, it is proximal.
5. Which cavity contains the lungs?
A) Pericardial cavity
B) Pleural cavity
C) Pelvic cavity
D) Abdominal cavity
Explanation: The Pleural cavities are sub-compartments of the thoracic cavity that
specifically house the lungs.
6. What is the primary goal of "Negative Feedback" mechanisms?
A) To create a rapid change in the body (like childbirth).
B) To maintain homeostasis by reversing a change.
C) To increase the intensity of a stimulus.
D) To shut down the metabolism.
Explanation: Negative feedback (e.g., temperature regulation) works to bring a variable
back to its "set point" by opposing the initial stimulus.
7. The "Sural" region refers to which part of the body?
A) The forearm
B) The thigh
C) The calf
D) The lower back
Explanation: In anatomical regional terms, "Sural" is the posterior surface of the lower
leg.
, 8. Which quadrant of the abdomen contains the majority of the liver?
A) Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
B) Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
C) Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
D) Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
Explanation: The RUQ houses the liver and gallbladder. This is a common clinical
landmark for pain assessment.
9. The heart is located within the __________, which is a sub-portion of the
thoracic cavity.
A) Pleura
B) Mediastinum
C) Dorsal cavity
D) Peritoneum
Explanation: The Mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity
between the lungs, containing the heart, esophagus, and trachea.
10. Which membrane layer directly touches the surface of an organ?
A) Parietal layer
B) Visceral layer
C) Serous fluid layer
D) Mucous layer
Explanation: Serous membranes have two layers: Parietal (lines the cavity wall)
and Visceral (clings to the organ's surface).
11. The term "Axillary" refers to which area?
A) The neck
B) The armpit
C) The hip
D) The groin
Review 90+ Questions and Answers -Summary | LockDown
Browser | Portage Learning
Module 1: Foundations & Terminology
1. Which level of organization is the most complex?
A) Cellular level
B) Tissue level
C) Organismal level
D) Organ system level
Explanation: The hierarchy of structural organization moves from Chemical → Cellular
→ Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism.
2. In the "Anatomical Position," the palms of the hands are:
A) Facing posteriorly
B) Facing anteriorly
C) Facing the thighs
D) Relaxed and curled
Explanation: Anatomical position requires the body to be standing upright, feet slightly
apart, with palms facing forward (anteriorly) and thumbs pointing away from the body.
3. Which body plane divides the body into equal right and left halves?
A) Frontal (Coronal)
B) Transverse
C) Midsagittal
D) Parasagittal
Explanation: A Midsagittal plane lies exactly in the midline. A parasagittal plane also
divides left/right but is offset from the center.
4. The elbow is _________ to the wrist.
, A) Distal
B) Proximal
C) Lateral
D) Inferior
Explanation: Proximal means closer to the point of attachment to the trunk. Since the
elbow is closer to the shoulder than the wrist is, it is proximal.
5. Which cavity contains the lungs?
A) Pericardial cavity
B) Pleural cavity
C) Pelvic cavity
D) Abdominal cavity
Explanation: The Pleural cavities are sub-compartments of the thoracic cavity that
specifically house the lungs.
6. What is the primary goal of "Negative Feedback" mechanisms?
A) To create a rapid change in the body (like childbirth).
B) To maintain homeostasis by reversing a change.
C) To increase the intensity of a stimulus.
D) To shut down the metabolism.
Explanation: Negative feedback (e.g., temperature regulation) works to bring a variable
back to its "set point" by opposing the initial stimulus.
7. The "Sural" region refers to which part of the body?
A) The forearm
B) The thigh
C) The calf
D) The lower back
Explanation: In anatomical regional terms, "Sural" is the posterior surface of the lower
leg.
, 8. Which quadrant of the abdomen contains the majority of the liver?
A) Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
B) Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
C) Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
D) Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
Explanation: The RUQ houses the liver and gallbladder. This is a common clinical
landmark for pain assessment.
9. The heart is located within the __________, which is a sub-portion of the
thoracic cavity.
A) Pleura
B) Mediastinum
C) Dorsal cavity
D) Peritoneum
Explanation: The Mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity
between the lungs, containing the heart, esophagus, and trachea.
10. Which membrane layer directly touches the surface of an organ?
A) Parietal layer
B) Visceral layer
C) Serous fluid layer
D) Mucous layer
Explanation: Serous membranes have two layers: Parietal (lines the cavity wall)
and Visceral (clings to the organ's surface).
11. The term "Axillary" refers to which area?
A) The neck
B) The armpit
C) The hip
D) The groin
