Comprehensive Upper and Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal, Neuromuscular, and Orthopedic Disorders: Rotator Cuff Tears, Nerve Injuries, Dermatomes, Ligamentous Instabilities, Fractures, Impingement Syndromes, Sciatic and Femoral Plexus Pathologies, Ankle Sp

Comprehensive Upper and Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal, Neuromuscular, and Orthopedic Disorders: Rotator Cuff Tears, Nerve Injuries, Dermatomes, Ligamentous Instabilities, Fractures, Impingement Syndromes, Sciatic and Femoral Plexus Pathologies, Ankle Sprains, Knee Ligament Tears, Plexopathies, and High-Yield Functional Anatomy with Clinical Correlations for Board and Practical Examination Mastery Questions Verified and Complete with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 Rotator cuff tear is usually what muscles? supraspinatus - no abduction w/o it EX: PT's arm will rest as his side and he will not be able to raise it What muscles are in the rotator cuff? supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor subscapularis "SItS muscles" Ligaments of Joint Capsule Coracohumeral ligament Glenohumeral ligament Erb Palsy (HY) What symptoms should we see? Think of "Earl" saying give me 5 from the back hand brachial plexus injury (C5-C6) - adducted, internally rotated, arm pronated forearm, and flexed wrist What muscles externally rotate the arm? infraspinatus & teres minor Know Dermatome & injury associated Axillary Nerve Suprascapular Nerve Long Thoracic Nerve C5,6: fracture of surgical neck of radius (blood supply to neck branches off of axillary) C5, C6: Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus affected C5, C6, C7: Innervates serratus anterior, winged scap Radial Nerve C5-C8 What significant clinical finding, Midshaft Fracture of the Humerus (Saturday night palsy) Loss of wrist, finger extension Weakness in supination Ulnar Nerve C8-T1 What significant clinical finding Common symptoms associated Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Weakness in finger flexion of digits 4 & 5 Hard time writing Doing fine movements Picking up small objects What nerve is impinged in carpal tunnel syndrome? (HY) Median nerve Weakness in digits 1-3 A PT comes into your office with complaints of numbness and tingling in her hands. Social history reveals that she works at an office computer for several hours a day as a secretary. Diagnosis? Carp