NR-520 Practice Exam —with Answers and Rationales 2025-
2026
1. Which nursing theorist developed the Self-Care Deficit
Theory?
A. Sister Callista Roy
B. Martha Rogers
C. Dorothea Orem
D. Jean Watson
Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory emphasizes patient self-
care as central to nursing.
2. According to Jean Watson’s Human Caring Theory, the
nurse–patient relationship is built primarily on:
A. Scientific reasoning
B. Transpersonal caring
C. Task completion
D. Behavioral conditioning
Watson’s theory focuses on the spiritual and humanistic
aspects of care.
3. The Roy Adaptation Model views individuals as:
A. Passive recipients of care
B. Adaptive systems interacting with environmental
stimuli
C. Machines responding predictably
D. Static entities
, Roy’s model emphasizes adaptation in physiological, self-
concept, role, and interdependence modes.
4. According to Benner’s Novice to Expert model, a
competent nurse:
A. Has no prior experience
B. Can prioritize and plan based on experience but lacks
speed and flexibility
C. Has intuitive understanding
D. Is newly graduated
Competent nurses have 2–3 years’ experience and
deliberate planning ability.
5. Which theory focuses on the interpersonal relationship
between nurse and patient?
A. Roy Adaptation Model
B. Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Theory
C. Orem’s Self-Care Theory
D. Rogers’ Unitary Human Beings
Peplau emphasized the therapeutic relationship as a core
of nursing.
6. Which concept is central to Rogers’ Science of Unitary
Human Beings?
A. Adaptation
B. Energy fields and pattern
C. Caring
D. Self-care
, Rogers described humans and the environment as energy
fields in constant interaction.
7. A nurse uses Leininger’s theory when focusing on:
A. Cultural competence and culturally congruent care
B. Biological processes
C. Family structure
D. Task delegation
Leininger’s Transcultural Nursing Theory emphasizes
cultural context in care.
8. Which type of theory provides specific guidance for
practice and intervention?
A. Grand theory
B. Middle-range theory
C. Conceptual model
D. Meta-theory
Middle-range theories bridge grand theories and practice
with specific applications.
9. Which nursing theory emphasizes human caring as the
moral ideal?
A. Orem’s Theory
B. Roy’s Model
C. Watson’s Theory
D. Neuman’s Systems Model
Watson’s caring theory positions caring as central to
nursing’s moral and ethical framework.
2026
1. Which nursing theorist developed the Self-Care Deficit
Theory?
A. Sister Callista Roy
B. Martha Rogers
C. Dorothea Orem
D. Jean Watson
Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory emphasizes patient self-
care as central to nursing.
2. According to Jean Watson’s Human Caring Theory, the
nurse–patient relationship is built primarily on:
A. Scientific reasoning
B. Transpersonal caring
C. Task completion
D. Behavioral conditioning
Watson’s theory focuses on the spiritual and humanistic
aspects of care.
3. The Roy Adaptation Model views individuals as:
A. Passive recipients of care
B. Adaptive systems interacting with environmental
stimuli
C. Machines responding predictably
D. Static entities
, Roy’s model emphasizes adaptation in physiological, self-
concept, role, and interdependence modes.
4. According to Benner’s Novice to Expert model, a
competent nurse:
A. Has no prior experience
B. Can prioritize and plan based on experience but lacks
speed and flexibility
C. Has intuitive understanding
D. Is newly graduated
Competent nurses have 2–3 years’ experience and
deliberate planning ability.
5. Which theory focuses on the interpersonal relationship
between nurse and patient?
A. Roy Adaptation Model
B. Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Theory
C. Orem’s Self-Care Theory
D. Rogers’ Unitary Human Beings
Peplau emphasized the therapeutic relationship as a core
of nursing.
6. Which concept is central to Rogers’ Science of Unitary
Human Beings?
A. Adaptation
B. Energy fields and pattern
C. Caring
D. Self-care
, Rogers described humans and the environment as energy
fields in constant interaction.
7. A nurse uses Leininger’s theory when focusing on:
A. Cultural competence and culturally congruent care
B. Biological processes
C. Family structure
D. Task delegation
Leininger’s Transcultural Nursing Theory emphasizes
cultural context in care.
8. Which type of theory provides specific guidance for
practice and intervention?
A. Grand theory
B. Middle-range theory
C. Conceptual model
D. Meta-theory
Middle-range theories bridge grand theories and practice
with specific applications.
9. Which nursing theory emphasizes human caring as the
moral ideal?
A. Orem’s Theory
B. Roy’s Model
C. Watson’s Theory
D. Neuman’s Systems Model
Watson’s caring theory positions caring as central to
nursing’s moral and ethical framework.
