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Engineering mathematics, differential equations, phương trình vi phân, Laplace transform, biến đổi Laplace, Cauchy-Euler, ODE, initial value problem, math study guide, engineering exam, math notes, homogeneous equations, nonhomogeneous equations, method o

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Master Engineering Mathematics with this comprehensive study guide covering Differential Equations (Phương Trình Vi Phân). Learn to solve homogeneous and non-homogeneous ODEs using characteristic equations for distinct roots, repeated roots, and complex roots. Includes detailed methods for finding particular solutions (Yp) using the method of undetermined coefficients and variation of parameters. Features step-by-step solutions for Cauchy-Euler equations (ax²y'' + bxy' + cy = 0) and systems of ODEs using operator (D) methods. Extensive section on Laplace Transforms (Biến Đổi Laplace) including basic functions, inverse transforms, translation theorems, and solving initial value problems. Includes formula tables and worked examples. Ideal for engineering students, math majors, and exam preparation.

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Institution
Engineering Mathematics: Differential Equations, C
Module
Engineering Mathematics: Differential Equations, C

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CÁC DẠNG BÀI TẬP CỦA LẦN KT THỨ 2

B1:-𝒕í𝒏𝒉---𝒆−∫-𝒑(𝒙)𝒅𝒙-
𝒆−∫𝒑(𝒙)𝒅𝒙

B2:-𝒚𝟐-=-𝒚𝟏.∫ 𝒚𝟏𝟐 𝒅𝒙-

Nghiệm-yc-=-c1y1-+-c2y2-

Vd:-𝒙𝟐𝒚′′-−-𝟑𝒙𝒚′-+-𝟒𝒚-=-𝟎-𝒗ớ𝒊-𝒚𝟏-=-𝒙𝟐--

Đầu-tiên-chia-2-vế-cho-x2-để-hệ-số-của-y’’-là-1-

-=>------𝑦′′-−-𝑥 3-𝑦′-+-𝑥 42-𝑦-=-0-

B1:-P(x)-=-
-
𝟑𝒍𝒏𝒙
-𝑒−-∫-𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥-=-𝑒3𝑙𝑛𝑥-=-𝑒(𝑙𝑛𝑥)3-=-𝑥3-
𝑒−∫𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
B2:- 𝑦2-=-𝑦1.-∫ 2
- 𝑑𝑥
𝑦1
𝑥32𝑙𝑛𝑥--

-𝑦2-=-𝑥2-∫-𝑥4-𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

-𝑉ậ𝑦-𝑦1-=-𝑥2--;---𝑦2-=-𝑥2𝑙𝑛𝑥--

-𝑦𝑐-=-𝑐1𝑦1-+-𝑐2𝑦2-=-𝑐1𝑥2-+-𝑐2𝑥2𝑙𝑛𝑥-
-
-


Chú-ý-dạng-2-khác-dạng-1:-ở-dạng-1-đi-kèm-với-y’-là-1-hàm-theo-x-còn-dạng-2-
là-hệ-số.-

Đưa-về-phương-trình-đặc-trưng-:-𝑦′′-=-𝑚2-;---𝑦′-=-𝑚-;----𝑦-𝑙à-1--

, ---𝑛ế𝑢-𝑐ó-𝑦′′′𝑡ℎì-𝑏ằ𝑛𝑔-𝑚3-

-𝑛𝑔ℎ𝑖ệ𝑚-𝑟𝑖ê𝑛𝑔-𝑐ủ𝑎-𝑝ℎươ𝑛𝑔-𝑡𝑟ì𝑛ℎ-𝑐ó-𝑑ạ𝑛𝑔-𝒚-=-𝒆𝒎𝒙--
-𝑛𝑔ℎ𝑖ệ𝑚-𝑡ổ𝑛𝑔-𝑞𝑢á𝑡-𝑐ủ𝑎-𝑝ℎươ𝑛𝑔-𝑡𝑟ì𝑛ℎ:-yc-=-c1y1-+-c2y2-




-
Các-trường-hợp-khi-tìm-ra-nghiệm-của-m-
Th1:-2-nghiệm-phân-biệt-m1-≠-𝒎𝟐-
-=>-y1-=-em1x--và--y2-=-em2x-

=>-yc-=-c1y1-+-c2y2-
Vd:-nếu-giải-ra-2-giá-trị-của-m-là-m=2-và-m=4-
=>-y1-=-𝑒2𝑥---y2=-𝑒4𝑥-

=>-yc-=-c1e2x-+c2e4x-
-
Th2:-giải-ra-m-là-nghiệm-kép-(-nghiệm-bội-2-)-m1-=-m2-
-y1-=-em1x-------y2-=-xy1-
Nếu-có-3-giá-trị-m-bằng-nhau-m1-=-m2-=-m3-
y1-=-em1x-------y2-=-xy1-------------y3-=-xy2-=-x2y1-
Tương-tự-cho-nghiệm-bội-4,-bội-5-….-(không-có-đâu-yên-tâm)-
Vd:-giải-ra-m1-=-m2-=-5-
=>-y1=-𝑒5𝑥--y2=-𝑥𝑒5𝑥-

Nếu-m1-=-m2-=-m3-=-5-
=>-y1=-𝑒5𝑥--y2=-𝑥𝑒5𝑥----y3=-𝑥2𝑒5𝑥-

-

, Th3:-Nghiệm-phức-m1=-𝜶-+-𝒊𝜷-
-----------------------------------m2=-𝜶-−-𝒊𝜷--

y1-=-𝑒𝛼𝑥-cos(𝛽𝑥)------và-------y2-=-𝑒𝛼𝑥-

sin(𝛽𝑥)-Vd:--------------------𝒎𝟐-+-𝟏-=-𝟎--

-----------------------=>-------------------------
𝒎-=-𝒊---𝒗à---𝒎-=-−𝒊-

-𝑚-=-𝑖-----𝑛𝑔ℎĩ𝑎-𝑙à------𝑚-=-0-+-𝑖1-----------𝑙à-𝛼-=-0-𝑣à-𝛽-=-1-

Y1-=-𝑒0𝑥-cos(1𝑥)-----𝑣à--------y2-=-𝑒0𝑥sin-(1𝑥)-

Y1-=-cos(𝑥)---------------𝑣à--------y2-=-sin(𝑥)-

Yc-=-c1cos(𝑥)-+-c2sin-(𝑥)-

Vd-về-các-bài-tập--
a)-𝟐𝒚′′-−-𝟓𝒚′-−-𝟑𝒚-=-𝟎-

-𝑝ℎươ𝑛𝑔-𝑡𝑟ì𝑛ℎ-đặ𝑐-𝑡𝑟ư𝑛𝑔-(𝑃𝑇Đ𝑇):-------------2𝑚2-−-5𝑚-−-3-=-0-

- 𝑚-=-−- --------𝑣------𝑚-=-3--------(-2-𝑛𝑔ℎ𝑖ệ𝑚-𝑘ℎá𝑐-𝑛ℎ𝑎𝑢)𝑇ℎ1-----
1--- ---y1-=-𝑒−2𝑥-------

và--------------y2-=-𝑒3𝑥-
1

=>--Yc-=-c1𝑒−2𝑥-+-c2𝑒3𝑥-

-𝒃)-𝒚′′-−-𝟏𝟎𝒚′-+-𝟐𝟓𝒚-=-𝟎-

PTĐT-𝑚2-−-10𝑚-+-25-=-0--

m-=-5-(nghiệm-kép)-Th2--

- y1-=-𝑒5𝑥------------y2-=-𝑥𝑒5𝑥-

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Institution
Engineering Mathematics: Differential Equations, C
Module
Engineering Mathematics: Differential Equations, C

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Uploaded on
February 18, 2026
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Written in
2025/2026
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