and answers 2025\2026 A+ Grade
subjective data
- correct answer what the person says about himself or herself during history taking
objective data
- correct answer what the health professional observes by inspecting, palpating, percussing, and
auscultating during the physical examination
modifiable risk factors
- correct answer -changeable or controllable
example- smoking, weight, diet
non-modifiable risk factors
- correct answer - cannot change the outcome
example- age, gender, race, family history
steps of the nursing process
- correct answer ADPIE
novice
- correct answer starting out in the area of learning
uses rules to guide performance
competency
- correct answer building on 2 to 3 years of clinical experience
,see actions in the context of patient goals or plans
proficient
- correct answer adding to time and experience
understands the patient situation as a whole rather than individuals parts
apply long term goals
expert
- correct answer attained mastery of an area of learning
performs clinical judgement using intuitive analysis
first level priority
- correct answer Emergent, life threatening, and immediate
ex: establishing an airway for a PT
second level priority
- correct answer Next in urgency, requiring attention so as to avoid further deterioration
ex: mental health status change, acute pain
third level priority
- correct answer Important to patient's health but can be addressed after more urgent problems are
addressed
-- these are long term and may require a collaborative effort
, collaborative problems
- correct answer approach to treatment involves multiple disciplines
ex: nurses and specialty doctors working together
cochrane
- correct answer used randomized, controlled trials to incorporate more evidence into the medical
profession
evidence-based practice
- correct answer - nursing care provided that is supported by sound scientific rationale
-Integration of research evidence, clinical expertise, clinical knowledge, and patient values and
preferences
clinical decision making
- correct answer best evidence from literature review + patient's own preference + clinician's
experience/expertise + physical exam
what are the four types of data?
- correct answer Complete total health database, focused or problem centered database, follow up
database, emergency database
complete total health database
- correct answer describes current and past health state that forms baseline to measure all future
changes
episodic/problem centered database
- correct answer collected "mini" database, smaller scope and more focused than complete database
follow up database
- correct answer status of all identified problems should be evaluated at regular appropriate intervals