Portage Learning Microbiology Exam -1 Exam fully solved
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Terms in this set (73)
Microorganism Single cell (bacteria, archaeons, fungi, protozoa, algae)
Virus Not living, not considered microorganisms, considered microbes
Microbes Include microorganisms and viruses, can be advantageous or harmful
Cell Smallest, most basic biological unit of life
All cells are compromised of Macromolecules (building bloacks)
Four main types of macromolecules found ing cells Proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides
Proteins Comprised of amino acids, facilitate movement of materials, act as enzymes to
speed up biochemical processes, structural role
, Amino Acid Way proteins are formed by varying combinations, 20 different kinds
Each protein has its own unique sequence of amino acids
Essential Amino Acids human body cannot produce them, they must be taken in from the environment
through other sources (food you eat)
Nucleic Acid chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell
Two types of nucleic acids DNA and RNA
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid, contains vast amount of hereditary info and is responsible
for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms, made from nucleotides
RNA ribonucleic acid, responsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA
and using it to synthesize proteins
Can DNA and RNA be found in the nucleus? Yes
Can DNA and RNA leave the nucleus? Only RNA. DNA is highly compact in the nucleus
Three parts of a nucleotide Nitrogenous base, sugar called deoxyribose, and a phosphate group
Four kinds of nitrogenous bases Adenine or guanine (purine bases) and cytosine or thymine (pyrimidine bases)
What forms the backbone of a DNA strand? Sugar and phosphate
What base protrudes outward from the deoxyribose Nitrogenous base
sugar?
Strands from DNA produce a double helix (two strands held together by hydrogen bonding)
Adenine and Thymine Complimentary bases, form two hydrogen bonds
Guanine and Cytosine Complimentary bases, form three hydrogen bonds
RNA contains the _____ ribose rather than deoxyribose Sugar
RNA is always ______ stranded Single
RNA contains bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil (no thymine); U pairs with A, A can still pair with
T
Lipids form the foundation of the plasma membrane; this surrounds the cell as a barrier that
separates the inside of the cell from the outside surrounding environment
Lipids are composed of Hydrophobic hydrocarbons
& updated (latest version verified for accuracy) _ 2026
Latest!!
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Students also studied
NCCCO Rigger 1 Study Questions Module 1 Exam - Portage Learning -... NCCCO tower crane flashcards Nccco
60 terms 21 terms 155 terms 72 terms
Biscamp61 Preview tinasalg Preview vchon1 Preview jack
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study with Learn
Terms in this set (73)
Microorganism Single cell (bacteria, archaeons, fungi, protozoa, algae)
Virus Not living, not considered microorganisms, considered microbes
Microbes Include microorganisms and viruses, can be advantageous or harmful
Cell Smallest, most basic biological unit of life
All cells are compromised of Macromolecules (building bloacks)
Four main types of macromolecules found ing cells Proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides
Proteins Comprised of amino acids, facilitate movement of materials, act as enzymes to
speed up biochemical processes, structural role
, Amino Acid Way proteins are formed by varying combinations, 20 different kinds
Each protein has its own unique sequence of amino acids
Essential Amino Acids human body cannot produce them, they must be taken in from the environment
through other sources (food you eat)
Nucleic Acid chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell
Two types of nucleic acids DNA and RNA
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid, contains vast amount of hereditary info and is responsible
for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms, made from nucleotides
RNA ribonucleic acid, responsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA
and using it to synthesize proteins
Can DNA and RNA be found in the nucleus? Yes
Can DNA and RNA leave the nucleus? Only RNA. DNA is highly compact in the nucleus
Three parts of a nucleotide Nitrogenous base, sugar called deoxyribose, and a phosphate group
Four kinds of nitrogenous bases Adenine or guanine (purine bases) and cytosine or thymine (pyrimidine bases)
What forms the backbone of a DNA strand? Sugar and phosphate
What base protrudes outward from the deoxyribose Nitrogenous base
sugar?
Strands from DNA produce a double helix (two strands held together by hydrogen bonding)
Adenine and Thymine Complimentary bases, form two hydrogen bonds
Guanine and Cytosine Complimentary bases, form three hydrogen bonds
RNA contains the _____ ribose rather than deoxyribose Sugar
RNA is always ______ stranded Single
RNA contains bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil (no thymine); U pairs with A, A can still pair with
T
Lipids form the foundation of the plasma membrane; this surrounds the cell as a barrier that
separates the inside of the cell from the outside surrounding environment
Lipids are composed of Hydrophobic hydrocarbons
