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Chapter01:Nursing Practice in Canada and DrugTherapy
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Sealock:Lilley’sPharmacology for CanadianHealthCarePractice, 5th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE wq
1. Which is a judgement about a particular patient’s potential need or problem?
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a. A goal w q
b. An assessment w q
c. Subjective data wq
d. A nursing diagnosis w q w q
ANS: D w q
Nursing diagnosis is the phase of the nursing process during which a clinical judgement is made about how a patient responds to heath con
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ditions and life processes or vulnerability for that response.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge wq wq
2. The patient is to receive oral furosemide (Lasix) every day; however, because the patient is unable to swallow, he cannot ta ke medic
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ation orally, as ordered. The nurse needs to contact the physician. What type of problem is this?
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a. A “right time” problem wq w q w q
b. A “right dose” problem wq w q w q
c. A “right route” problem wq w q w q
d. A “right medication” problem wq w q wq
ANS: C w q
This is a “right route” problem: the nurse cannot assume the route and must clarify the route with the prescriber. This is not a “ri ght time” pr
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oblem because the ordered frequency has not changed. This is not a “right dose” problem because the dose is not rel ated to an inability to s
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
wallow. This is not a “right medication” problem because the medication ordered will not change, just the route.
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application wq wq
3. The nurse has been monitoring the patient’s progress on his new drug regimen since the first dose and has been documenting sig ns of pos
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sible adverse effects. What nursing process phase is the nurse practising?
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Implementation
d. Nursing diagnosis wq
ANS: B w q
Monitoring the patient’s progress is part of the evaluation phase. Planning, implementation, and nursing diagnosis are not illustra ted by t
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
his example.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application wq wq
4. The nurse is caring for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement best illustrates an outco
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me criterion for this patient?
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a. The patient will follow instructions. w q w q w q w q
b. The patient will not experience complications. w q w q wq w q w q
c. The patient adheres to the new insulin treatment regimen. wq w q w q wq wq w q w q w q
d. The patient demonstrates safe insulin self-administration technique.
wq w q w q wq w q w q
ANS: D w q
Having the patient demonstrate safe insulin self- w q wq w q w q wq wq
administration technique is a specific and measurable outcome criterion. Following instructions and avoiding complications are n ot spe wq wq wq wq wq wq wq ]+ wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
cific criteria. Adherence to the new insulin treatment regimen is not objective and would be difficult to measure.
wq wq w q wq wq wq wq wq w q wq wq wq wq wq w q w q wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application wq wq
5. Which activity best reflects the implementation phase of the nursing process for the patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diab
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etes mellitus? wq
a. Providing education regarding self-injection technique wq w q wq w q
b. Setting goals and outcome criteria with the patient’s input w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q
c. Recording a history of over-the-counter medications used at home wq w q wq w q w q w q w q w q
d. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding knowledge deficits related to the ne w tr wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
eatment regimen wq
ANS: A w q
Education is an intervention that occurs during the implementation phase. Setting goals and outcome criteria reflects the planning phase.
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Recording a drug history reflects the assessment phase. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding a knowledge deficit ref lects analysis o
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f data as part of the planning phase.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis wq wq
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6. The nurse is working during a very busy night shift, and the health care provider has just given the nurse a medication order ov er the tele
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phone, but the nurse does not recall the route. What is the best way for the nurse to avoid medication errors?
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a. Recopy the order neatly on the order sheet, with the most common route indicated wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q
b. Consult with the pharmacist for clarification about the most common route wq w q wq w q wq w q w q wq w q w q
c. Call the health care provider to clarify the route of administration wq w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q
d. Withhold the drug until the health care provider visits the patient wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q
ANS: C w q
If a medication order does not include the route, the nurse must ask the health care provider to clarify it. Never assume the route of ad ministratio
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n.
DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Application |Cognitive Level: Analysis wq wq wq w
q wq wq
7. Which constitutes the traditional Five Rights of medication administration?
wq w q wq w q w q w q wq w q
a. Right drug, right route, right dose, right time, and right patient wq w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
b. Right drug, the right effect, the right route, the right time, and the right patient wq w q w q w q w q wq w q w q wq w q wq w q wq w q
c. Right patient, right strength, right diagnosis, right drug, and right route wq w q w q w q w q wq w q wq w q w q
d. Right patient, right diagnosis, right drug, right route, and right time wq w q wq w q w q wq w q w q w q w q
ANS: A w q
The traditional Five Rights of medication administration were considered to be Right drug, Right route, Right dose, Right time, and R ight pat
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
ient. Right effect, right strength, and right diagnosis are not part of the traditional Five Rights.
wq wq w q wq wq wq w q wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Comprehension wq wq
8. What correctly describes the nursing process?
wq w q w q w q w q
a. Diagnosing, planning, assessing, implementing, and finally evaluating wq w q wq w q wq wq
b. Assessing, then diagnosing, implementing, and ending with evaluating wq wq w q w q w q wq w q
c. A linear direction that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing
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, planning, and finally implementing
w q w q w q w q
d. An ongoing process that begins with assessing and continues with diagnosing
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q wq
, planning, implementing, and evaluating
w q w q w q w q
ANS: D w q
The nursing process is an ongoing, flexible, adaptable, and adjustable five-
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step process that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing, planning, implementing, and finally evaluating, which may th
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en lead back to any of the other phases.
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DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Application wq wq
9. When the nurse is considering the timing of a drug dose, which is most important to assess?
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a. The patient’s identification wq w q
b. The patient’s weight wq w q
c. The patient’s last meal wq wq w q
d. Any drug or food allergies wq w q w q w q
ANS: C w q
The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug need to be assessed with regard to any drug–
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food interactions or compatibility issues. The patient’s identification, weight, and drug or food allergies are not affected by the drug’s timing.
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq ] w q wq wq wq wq
DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Application wq wq
10. The nurse is writing nursing diagnoses for a plan of care. Which reflects the correct format for her nursing diagnosis?
w q wq w q w q wq w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q
a. Anxiety
b. Anxiety related to new drug therapy wq w q w q w q w q
c. Anxietyrelated to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced b y sta wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
tements such as “I’m upset about having to give myself shots” wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
d. Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as “I’ m up wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
set about having to give myself shots”
wq wq wq wq wq wq
ANS: D w q
Formulation of nursing diagnoses is usually a three- w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
step process. The only complete answer is “Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ‘I’m upset a bout havi
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q
ng to give myself shots.’” The answer “Anxiety” is missing the “related to” and “as evidenced by” portions. The answe r “Anxiety rela
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ted to new drug therapy” is missing the “as evidenced by” portion of defining characteristics. The “related to” sect ion in “Anxiety related t
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q
o anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ‘I’m upset about having to giv e myself shots’” is simply a re
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statement of the problem “anxiety,” not a separate factor related to the response. w q wq w q w q wq w q wq wq w q w q w q wq
DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Analysis wq wq
OTHER
1. Place the phases of the nursing process in the correct order, starting with the first phase.
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a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Assessment
d. Implementation
e. Diagnosing
ANS:
C, E, A, D, B
w q wq w q w q
DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Analysis wq wq
Chapter 02: Pharmacological Principles
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Downloaded by Sylvester Kanyi () wq wq wq w q
, lOMoARcPSD|w q 1372822
Sealock:Lilley’sPharmacology for CanadianHealthCarePractice, 5th Edition
9
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MULTIPLE CHOICE wq
1. A patient is receiving two different drugs, which, at their current dose forms and dosages, are both absorbed into the circulation in identi
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cal amounts. Which term best denotes that the drugs have the same absorption rates?
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a. Equivalent
b. Synergistic
c. Compatible
d. Bioequivalent
ANS: D w q
Two drugs absorbed into the circulation at the same amount (in specific dosage forms) have the same bioavailability; thus, they ar e bioeq
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uivalent. “Equivalent” is incorrect because the term “bioavailability” is used to express the extent of drug absorption. “Sy nergistic” is inc
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orrect because this term refers to two drugs given together whose resulting effect is greater than the sum of the ef fects of each drug given al
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one. “Compatible” is incorrect because this term is a general term used to indicate that two substances do not have a chemical reaction wh
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en mixed (or given, in the case of drugs) together.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension wq wq
2. A patient is receiving medication via intravenous injection. Which information should the nurse provide for patient education?
w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q
a. The medication will cause fewer adverse effects when given intravenously. wq w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q
b. The medication will be absorbed slowly into the tissues over time. wq w q wq w q w q wq w q wq w q w q
c. The medication’s action will begin faster when given intravenously. wq wq w q w q w q w q w q w q
d. Most of the drug is inactivated by the liver before it reaches the target area. wq wq w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q
ANS: C w q
Intravenous injections are the fastest route of absorption. The intravenous route does not affect the number of adverse effects, the intrave
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
nous route is not a slow route of absorption, and the intravenous route does not cause inactivation of the drug by the live r before it rea
w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq wq wq wq
ches the target area. wq wq wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension wq wq
3. Which is true regarding parenteral drugs? w q wq w q w q w q
a. They bypass the first-pass effect. w q w q w q w q
b. They decrease blood flow to the stomach. w q w q w q w q w q w q
c. They are altered by the presence of food in the stomach. wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
d. They exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream. w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
ANS: A w q
Drugs given by the parenteral route bypass the first- w q wq wq w q w q w q w q w q
pass effect, but they still must be absorbed into cells and tissues before they can exert their effects. Enteral drugs (drugs taken ora lly), not p
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
arenteral drugs, decrease blood flow to the stomach and are altered by the presence of food in the stomach. Parenteral drugs must be absor
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bed into cells and tissues from the circulation before they can exert their effects; they do not exert their effec ts while circulating in the bl
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oodstream.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis wq wq
4. A drug’s half-life is best defined as
wq wq w q w q w q w q
a. The time it takes for the drug to elicit half its therapeutic response. w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
b. The time it takes one- wq wq w q w q
half of the original amount of a drug to reach the target cells.
wq w q wq w q w q wq wq w q w q w q wq w q
c. The time it takes one- wq wq w q w q
half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body.
wq w q wq w q w q wq wq w q w q wq w q w q w q
d. The time it takes one- wq wq w q w q
half of the original amount of a drug to be absorbed into the circulation.
wq w q wq w q w q wq wq w q w q wq w q wq w q
ANS: C w q
A drug’s half-life is the time it takes for one-
wq wq w q wq wq wq w q w q w q
half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body. It is a measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from t he body. An
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swers A, B, and D are not correct definitions of a drug’s half-life.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension wq wq
5. The term “duration of action” is best defined as
wq w q w q wq w q wq w q w q
a. The time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response. w q wq w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q
b. The time it takes a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response. wq wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q
c. The length of time it takes to remove a drug from circulation. w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q
d. The time during which drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeuti c res
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
ponse.
ANS: D w q
Duration of action is the time during which drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response. The time it takes for a dru
w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq wq
g to elicit a therapeutic response is the drug’s “onset of action.” The time it takes a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response is a dr
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq ] w q wq wq wq
ug’s “peak effect.” “The length of time it takes to remove a drug from circulation” defines a drug’s elimination a nd does not correctly defi
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
ne a drug’s duration of action.
wq wq wq wq wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension wq wq
6. A drug interacts with enzymes by
wq w q w q wq w q
a. altering cell membrane permeability. w q w q w q
b. “fooling” a receptor on the cell wall. w q w q w q w q w q w q
c. enhancing the drug’s effectiveness within the cells. wq w q w q w q wq w q
d. “fooling” the enzyme into binding with it instead of its normal target cell. wq w q w q wq w q w q wq w q wq wq w q w q
ANS: D w q
When drugs interact with enzymes, they inhibit the action of a specific enzyme by “fooling” the enzyme into binding to it instea
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Downloaded by Sylvester Kanyi () wq wq wq w q
lOMoARcPSD|w q 13728229
1
, lOMoARcPSD|w q 1372822
9
Chapter01:Nursing Practice in Canada and DrugTherapy
w
q w
q wq wq wq wq wq wq
Sealock:Lilley’sPharmacology for CanadianHealthCarePractice, 5th Edition
w
q w
q wq wq wq w
q w
q wq wq
MULTIPLE CHOICE wq
1. Which is a judgement about a particular patient’s potential need or problem?
wq wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
a. A goal w q
b. An assessment w q
c. Subjective data wq
d. A nursing diagnosis w q w q
ANS: D w q
Nursing diagnosis is the phase of the nursing process during which a clinical judgement is made about how a patient responds to heath con
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
ditions and life processes or vulnerability for that response.
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge wq wq
2. The patient is to receive oral furosemide (Lasix) every day; however, because the patient is unable to swallow, he cannot ta ke medic
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
ation orally, as ordered. The nurse needs to contact the physician. What type of problem is this?
wq wq w q wq wq wq w q wq wq wq w q wq wq wq wq w q
a. A “right time” problem wq w q w q
b. A “right dose” problem wq w q w q
c. A “right route” problem wq w q w q
d. A “right medication” problem wq w q wq
ANS: C w q
This is a “right route” problem: the nurse cannot assume the route and must clarify the route with the prescriber. This is not a “ri ght time” pr
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
oblem because the ordered frequency has not changed. This is not a “right dose” problem because the dose is not rel ated to an inability to s
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
wallow. This is not a “right medication” problem because the medication ordered will not change, just the route.
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application wq wq
3. The nurse has been monitoring the patient’s progress on his new drug regimen since the first dose and has been documenting sig ns of pos
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq ]+ wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
sible adverse effects. What nursing process phase is the nurse practising?
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Implementation
d. Nursing diagnosis wq
ANS: B w q
Monitoring the patient’s progress is part of the evaluation phase. Planning, implementation, and nursing diagnosis are not illustra ted by t
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
his example.
wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application wq wq
4. The nurse is caring for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement best illustrates an outco
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q wq wq
me criterion for this patient?
wq wq wq wq
a. The patient will follow instructions. w q w q w q w q
b. The patient will not experience complications. w q w q wq w q w q
c. The patient adheres to the new insulin treatment regimen. wq w q w q wq wq w q w q w q
d. The patient demonstrates safe insulin self-administration technique.
wq w q w q wq w q w q
ANS: D w q
Having the patient demonstrate safe insulin self- w q wq w q w q wq wq
administration technique is a specific and measurable outcome criterion. Following instructions and avoiding complications are n ot spe wq wq wq wq wq wq wq ]+ wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
cific criteria. Adherence to the new insulin treatment regimen is not objective and would be difficult to measure.
wq wq w q wq wq wq wq wq w q wq wq wq wq wq w q w q wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application wq wq
5. Which activity best reflects the implementation phase of the nursing process for the patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diab
wq wq w q w q wq w q w q wq wq wq wq wq w q w q wq w q wq w q wq ] w q wq
etes mellitus? wq
a. Providing education regarding self-injection technique wq w q wq w q
b. Setting goals and outcome criteria with the patient’s input w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q
c. Recording a history of over-the-counter medications used at home wq w q wq w q w q w q w q w q
d. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding knowledge deficits related to the ne w tr wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
eatment regimen wq
ANS: A w q
Education is an intervention that occurs during the implementation phase. Setting goals and outcome criteria reflects the planning phase.
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
Recording a drug history reflects the assessment phase. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding a knowledge deficit ref lects analysis o
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
f data as part of the planning phase.
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis wq wq
1
, lOMoARcPSD|w q 1372822
9
6. The nurse is working during a very busy night shift, and the health care provider has just given the nurse a medication order ov er the tele
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q w q
phone, but the nurse does not recall the route. What is the best way for the nurse to avoid medication errors?
w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q
a. Recopy the order neatly on the order sheet, with the most common route indicated wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q
b. Consult with the pharmacist for clarification about the most common route wq w q wq w q wq w q w q wq w q w q
c. Call the health care provider to clarify the route of administration wq w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q
d. Withhold the drug until the health care provider visits the patient wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q
ANS: C w q
If a medication order does not include the route, the nurse must ask the health care provider to clarify it. Never assume the route of ad ministratio
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
n.
DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Application |Cognitive Level: Analysis wq wq wq w
q wq wq
7. Which constitutes the traditional Five Rights of medication administration?
wq w q wq w q w q w q wq w q
a. Right drug, right route, right dose, right time, and right patient wq w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
b. Right drug, the right effect, the right route, the right time, and the right patient wq w q w q w q w q wq w q w q wq w q wq w q wq w q
c. Right patient, right strength, right diagnosis, right drug, and right route wq w q w q w q w q wq w q wq w q w q
d. Right patient, right diagnosis, right drug, right route, and right time wq w q wq w q w q wq w q w q w q w q
ANS: A w q
The traditional Five Rights of medication administration were considered to be Right drug, Right route, Right dose, Right time, and R ight pat
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
ient. Right effect, right strength, and right diagnosis are not part of the traditional Five Rights.
wq wq w q wq wq wq w q wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Comprehension wq wq
8. What correctly describes the nursing process?
wq w q w q w q w q
a. Diagnosing, planning, assessing, implementing, and finally evaluating wq w q wq w q wq wq
b. Assessing, then diagnosing, implementing, and ending with evaluating wq wq w q w q w q wq w q
c. A linear direction that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q wq wq
, planning, and finally implementing
w q w q w q w q
d. An ongoing process that begins with assessing and continues with diagnosing
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q wq
, planning, implementing, and evaluating
w q w q w q w q
ANS: D w q
The nursing process is an ongoing, flexible, adaptable, and adjustable five-
wq wq w q wq w q w q w q w q w q wq
step process that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing, planning, implementing, and finally evaluating, which may th
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
en lead back to any of the other phases.
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Application wq wq
9. When the nurse is considering the timing of a drug dose, which is most important to assess?
wq w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
a. The patient’s identification wq w q
b. The patient’s weight wq w q
c. The patient’s last meal wq wq w q
d. Any drug or food allergies wq w q w q w q
ANS: C w q
The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug need to be assessed with regard to any drug–
wq w q wq w q w q wq wq wq w q w q wq w q w q w q w q wq
food interactions or compatibility issues. The patient’s identification, weight, and drug or food allergies are not affected by the drug’s timing.
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq ] w q wq wq wq wq
DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Application wq wq
10. The nurse is writing nursing diagnoses for a plan of care. Which reflects the correct format for her nursing diagnosis?
w q wq w q w q wq w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q
a. Anxiety
b. Anxiety related to new drug therapy wq w q w q w q w q
c. Anxietyrelated to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced b y sta wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
tements such as “I’m upset about having to give myself shots” wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
d. Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as “I’ m up wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
set about having to give myself shots”
wq wq wq wq wq wq
ANS: D w q
Formulation of nursing diagnoses is usually a three- w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
step process. The only complete answer is “Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ‘I’m upset a bout havi
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q
ng to give myself shots.’” The answer “Anxiety” is missing the “related to” and “as evidenced by” portions. The answe r “Anxiety rela
w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq wq wq
ted to new drug therapy” is missing the “as evidenced by” portion of defining characteristics. The “related to” sect ion in “Anxiety related t
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q
o anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ‘I’m upset about having to giv e myself shots’” is simply a re
wq wq w q wq wq w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq wq w q wq w q wq wq
statement of the problem “anxiety,” not a separate factor related to the response. w q wq w q w q wq w q wq wq w q w q w q wq
DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Analysis wq wq
OTHER
1. Place the phases of the nursing process in the correct order, starting with the first phase.
wq wq w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q wq w q
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Assessment
d. Implementation
e. Diagnosing
ANS:
C, E, A, D, B
w q wq w q w q
DIF: w q Cognitive Level: Analysis wq wq
Chapter 02: Pharmacological Principles
wq wq wq
Downloaded by Sylvester Kanyi () wq wq wq w q
, lOMoARcPSD|w q 1372822
Sealock:Lilley’sPharmacology for CanadianHealthCarePractice, 5th Edition
9
w
q w
q wq wq wq w
q w
q wq wq
MULTIPLE CHOICE wq
1. A patient is receiving two different drugs, which, at their current dose forms and dosages, are both absorbed into the circulation in identi
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cal amounts. Which term best denotes that the drugs have the same absorption rates?
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
a. Equivalent
b. Synergistic
c. Compatible
d. Bioequivalent
ANS: D w q
Two drugs absorbed into the circulation at the same amount (in specific dosage forms) have the same bioavailability; thus, they ar e bioeq
wq w q w q wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q wq wq wq wq
uivalent. “Equivalent” is incorrect because the term “bioavailability” is used to express the extent of drug absorption. “Sy nergistic” is inc
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
orrect because this term refers to two drugs given together whose resulting effect is greater than the sum of the ef fects of each drug given al
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
one. “Compatible” is incorrect because this term is a general term used to indicate that two substances do not have a chemical reaction wh
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q wq wq wq wq wq wq
en mixed (or given, in the case of drugs) together.
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension wq wq
2. A patient is receiving medication via intravenous injection. Which information should the nurse provide for patient education?
w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q
a. The medication will cause fewer adverse effects when given intravenously. wq w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q
b. The medication will be absorbed slowly into the tissues over time. wq w q wq w q w q wq w q wq w q w q
c. The medication’s action will begin faster when given intravenously. wq wq w q w q w q w q w q w q
d. Most of the drug is inactivated by the liver before it reaches the target area. wq wq w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q
ANS: C w q
Intravenous injections are the fastest route of absorption. The intravenous route does not affect the number of adverse effects, the intrave
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
nous route is not a slow route of absorption, and the intravenous route does not cause inactivation of the drug by the live r before it rea
w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq wq wq wq
ches the target area. wq wq wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension wq wq
3. Which is true regarding parenteral drugs? w q wq w q w q w q
a. They bypass the first-pass effect. w q w q w q w q
b. They decrease blood flow to the stomach. w q w q w q w q w q w q
c. They are altered by the presence of food in the stomach. wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
d. They exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream. w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
ANS: A w q
Drugs given by the parenteral route bypass the first- w q wq wq w q w q w q w q w q
pass effect, but they still must be absorbed into cells and tissues before they can exert their effects. Enteral drugs (drugs taken ora lly), not p
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
arenteral drugs, decrease blood flow to the stomach and are altered by the presence of food in the stomach. Parenteral drugs must be absor
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q wq wq wq
bed into cells and tissues from the circulation before they can exert their effects; they do not exert their effec ts while circulating in the bl
wq wq w q wq wq wq wq w q w q wq wq wq wq w q wq wq wq wq wq w q wq wq wq wq wq
oodstream.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis wq wq
4. A drug’s half-life is best defined as
wq wq w q w q w q w q
a. The time it takes for the drug to elicit half its therapeutic response. w q wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q
b. The time it takes one- wq wq w q w q
half of the original amount of a drug to reach the target cells.
wq w q wq w q w q wq wq w q w q w q wq w q
c. The time it takes one- wq wq w q w q
half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body.
wq w q wq w q w q wq wq w q w q wq w q w q w q
d. The time it takes one- wq wq w q w q
half of the original amount of a drug to be absorbed into the circulation.
wq w q wq w q w q wq wq w q w q wq w q wq w q
ANS: C w q
A drug’s half-life is the time it takes for one-
wq wq w q wq wq wq w q w q w q
half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body. It is a measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from t he body. An
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq w q wq wq wq wq wq wq w q wq wq w q wq wq wq wq wq wq
swers A, B, and D are not correct definitions of a drug’s half-life.
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension wq wq
5. The term “duration of action” is best defined as
wq w q w q wq w q wq w q w q
a. The time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response. w q wq w q w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q
b. The time it takes a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response. wq wq w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq w q
c. The length of time it takes to remove a drug from circulation. w q w q wq w q w q w q w q w q wq w q w q
d. The time during which drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeuti c res
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
ponse.
ANS: D w q
Duration of action is the time during which drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response. The time it takes for a dru
w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q w q wq wq
g to elicit a therapeutic response is the drug’s “onset of action.” The time it takes a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response is a dr
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq ] w q wq wq wq
ug’s “peak effect.” “The length of time it takes to remove a drug from circulation” defines a drug’s elimination a nd does not correctly defi
wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq wq
ne a drug’s duration of action.
wq wq wq wq wq
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension wq wq
6. A drug interacts with enzymes by
wq w q w q wq w q
a. altering cell membrane permeability. w q w q w q
b. “fooling” a receptor on the cell wall. w q w q w q w q w q w q
c. enhancing the drug’s effectiveness within the cells. wq w q w q w q wq w q
d. “fooling” the enzyme into binding with it instead of its normal target cell. wq w q w q wq w q w q wq w q wq wq w q w q
ANS: D w q
When drugs interact with enzymes, they inhibit the action of a specific enzyme by “fooling” the enzyme into binding to it instea
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Downloaded by Sylvester Kanyi () wq wq wq w q
