FAML 430 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026
key characteristics of socialization - Answers -over time
-through interaction with significant others
-by means of communication
-in emotionally significant contexts
externalization vs internalization
How can we move towards internalization? - Answers E-behavior controlled by outside forces
I-the process by which externally controlled behavior shifts to internally, or self-regulated, behavior
How-communication of values
characteristics of temperament - Answers -innate characteristics that determine an individual's
sensitivity to various experiences and responsiveness to social interaction
-rhythmicity, approach/withdrawal, adaptability, intensity of reaction, quality of mood
-easy, slow-to-warm-up, difficult
What are key demographic changes among children in the U.S. today? - Answers
How has the concept of childhood changed over time? - Answers miniature adults->uninformed
adults->children's rights->consumers
What is the difference between a passive, evocative, and active genotype environment? - Answers P-
children are predisposed to be affected by the environment their parents provide
E-an individual's genotype will tend to evoke certain responses from the environment
A-an individual's genotype will tend to motivate that person to seek out environments most
compatible with their prewiring
How did compulsory education laws come to be? What is their historical context? - Answers
What are the major outcomes or goals of socialization? - Answers develop a self-concept, enable self-
regulation, empower achievement, teach appropriate social roles, implement developmental skills
What are the defining characteristics of the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and
chronosystem? How does each impact socialization? - Answers microsystem-activities and
relationships with significant others experienced in a small setting (family, school, peer group,
community); have the most influence
mesosystem-linkages and interrelationships between two or more microsystems (having friends over,
parent-teacher conferences); impact depends on the number and quality of interrelationships
exosystem-settings in which children are not active participants, but that affect them in one of their
microsystems (parents jobs, city council); indirect impacts
macrosystem-society and subculture to which the individual belongs (economics, politics, religion,
race)
chronosystem-temporal changes in ecological systems or within individuals, producing new conditions
that affect development (physical changes, 9/11)
attributes of ethnicity - Answers ascribed attribute; national origin, culture, race, religion; share
biologically and/or socially inherited characteristics
characteristics of low-context vs high-context culture - Answers low (individualistic)-rational, practical,
competitive, individual, progress
high (collectivistic)-intuitive, emotional, cooperative, group identity, tradition
What are the components and key ideas of Erikson's psychosocial theory? - Answers personality
development is the outcome of interaction in their social environment; each stage of life has a critical
challenge
trust v mistrust
autonomy v shame and doubt
initiative v guilt
industry v inferiority
identity v identity diffusion
intimacy v isolation
generativity v self-absoption
integrity v despair
What is the concept of the "looking glass self"? - Answers a child's self-concept reflects the attitudes
of others
How would you define self-regulation? - Answers the ability to control one's impulses, behavior,
and/or emotions until an appropriate time, place, or object is available for expressing them
key characteristics of socialization - Answers -over time
-through interaction with significant others
-by means of communication
-in emotionally significant contexts
externalization vs internalization
How can we move towards internalization? - Answers E-behavior controlled by outside forces
I-the process by which externally controlled behavior shifts to internally, or self-regulated, behavior
How-communication of values
characteristics of temperament - Answers -innate characteristics that determine an individual's
sensitivity to various experiences and responsiveness to social interaction
-rhythmicity, approach/withdrawal, adaptability, intensity of reaction, quality of mood
-easy, slow-to-warm-up, difficult
What are key demographic changes among children in the U.S. today? - Answers
How has the concept of childhood changed over time? - Answers miniature adults->uninformed
adults->children's rights->consumers
What is the difference between a passive, evocative, and active genotype environment? - Answers P-
children are predisposed to be affected by the environment their parents provide
E-an individual's genotype will tend to evoke certain responses from the environment
A-an individual's genotype will tend to motivate that person to seek out environments most
compatible with their prewiring
How did compulsory education laws come to be? What is their historical context? - Answers
What are the major outcomes or goals of socialization? - Answers develop a self-concept, enable self-
regulation, empower achievement, teach appropriate social roles, implement developmental skills
What are the defining characteristics of the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and
chronosystem? How does each impact socialization? - Answers microsystem-activities and
relationships with significant others experienced in a small setting (family, school, peer group,
community); have the most influence
mesosystem-linkages and interrelationships between two or more microsystems (having friends over,
parent-teacher conferences); impact depends on the number and quality of interrelationships
exosystem-settings in which children are not active participants, but that affect them in one of their
microsystems (parents jobs, city council); indirect impacts
macrosystem-society and subculture to which the individual belongs (economics, politics, religion,
race)
chronosystem-temporal changes in ecological systems or within individuals, producing new conditions
that affect development (physical changes, 9/11)
attributes of ethnicity - Answers ascribed attribute; national origin, culture, race, religion; share
biologically and/or socially inherited characteristics
characteristics of low-context vs high-context culture - Answers low (individualistic)-rational, practical,
competitive, individual, progress
high (collectivistic)-intuitive, emotional, cooperative, group identity, tradition
What are the components and key ideas of Erikson's psychosocial theory? - Answers personality
development is the outcome of interaction in their social environment; each stage of life has a critical
challenge
trust v mistrust
autonomy v shame and doubt
initiative v guilt
industry v inferiority
identity v identity diffusion
intimacy v isolation
generativity v self-absoption
integrity v despair
What is the concept of the "looking glass self"? - Answers a child's self-concept reflects the attitudes
of others
How would you define self-regulation? - Answers the ability to control one's impulses, behavior,
and/or emotions until an appropriate time, place, or object is available for expressing them
